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Tumor microenvironment targeted nano-drug delivery systems for multidrug resistant tumor therapy.

In recent years, nano-drug delivery systems (Nano-DDS) that target the tumor microenvironment (TME) to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) have become a research hotspot in the field of cancer therapy. By precisely targeting the TME and regulating its unique pathological features, such as hypoxia, weakly acidic pH, and abnormally expressed proteins, etc., these Nano-DDS enable effective delivery of therapeutic agents and reversal of MDR. This scientific research community is increasing its investment in the development of diversified systems and exploring their anti-drug resistance potential.

Cuproptosis Inducers in Cancer Therapy: State of the Art and Challenges.

Cancer continues to be the primary cause of death despite significant progress in medicine, and finding effective therapies remains a challenge. New treatments are needed to minimize the harmful effects on the body and increase the selectivity of drugs. These therapies must also overcome cancer cell resistance and prevent metastasis. Metal-based drugs are becoming increasingly crucial for treating tumors, and copper ion-based systems and nanoparticles have been identified as having unique properties and anticancer potential. Given the key role exerted by Cu in the etiology, severity, and progr

WT1 gene: a potential therapeutic target for multiple cancer treatment strategies.

The Wilms' Tumor 1 (WT1) gene has attracted significant attention in oncological research owing to its involvement in the pathogenesis of a variety of malignancies. Initially identified in association with Wilms' tumor, a pediatric renal carcinoma, WT1 is now recognized for its broader implications in the etiology of multiple cancers, including leukemia, ovarian cancer, and lung cancer. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of the historical development of WT1 research, explores its mechanisms in cancer progression, and assesses its potential as a therapeutic target, with an emphasis on

Therapeutic siRNAs Targeting the JAK/STAT Signalling Pathway in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Background and aimsInflammatory bowel diseases are highly debilitating conditions that require constant monitoring and life-long medication. Current treatments are focused on systemic administration of immunomodulatory drugs, but they have a broad range of undesirable side-effects. RNA interference is a highly specific endogenous mechanism that regulates the expression of the gene at the transcript level, which can be repurposed using exogenous short interfering RNA [siRNA] to repress expression of the target gene. While siRNA therapeutics can offer an alternative to existing therapies, with a

Содействие обнаружению MRD в множественной миеломе: технологии, прикладные технологии и перспективы на будущее.

Множественная миелома (ММ) — злокачественная гематологическая опухоль плазменных клеток, которая сопряжена со значительными трудностями в лечении и управлении. Несмотря на появление в последние годы новых методов лечения, которые позволили улучшить результаты лечения пациентов, полное искоренение этого заболевания остается труднодостижимой целью. Это подчеркивает настоятельную необходимость углубленных исследований и текущей инновационной деятельности для решения проблемы ММ. Обнаружение минимальных остаточных заболеваний (МВД) стало жизненно важным инструментом оценки эффективности лечения и

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Liquid biopsy by analysis of circulating myeloma cells and cell-free nucleic acids: a novel noninvasive approach of disease evaluation in multiple myeloma . Biomark Res . 2023 ; 11 : 27 ; Published 2023 Mar 8 . 36890597 10.1186/s40364-023-00469-6 PMC9997021 51 Murray DL Puig N Kristinsson S . …

Transcriptional analysis of BMP2 and BMP6 in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a highly heterogenous disease with diverse outcomes across patients. Stratifying patients is a promising approach to predict their clinical outcomes. However, despite notable progress in stratification systems, there is still a need for further optimization. Combining the existing staging parameters with molecular approaches could offer a better understanding of 'high risk' disease and guide treatment decisions. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) represent a group of proteins, which are members of the TGF-β superfamily that are now considered to be multifunctional cyto

Dietary Polyphenols and Their Biological Significance

Dietary polyphenols represent a wide variety of compounds that occur in fruits, vegetables, wine, tea, extra virgin olive oil, chocolate and other cocoa products. They are mostly derivatives and/or isomers of flavones, isoflavones, flavonols, catechins and phenolic acids, and possess diverse biological properties such as antioxidant, antiapoptosis, anti-aging, anticarcinogen, anti-inflammation, anti-atherosclerosis, cardiovascular protection, improvement of the endothelial function, as well as inhibition of angiogenesis and cell proliferation activity. Most of these biological actions have bee

Direct Intercellular Communications and Cancer: A Snapshot of the Biological Roles of Connexins in Prostate Cancer.

Tissue homeostasis is the result of a complex intercellular network controlling the behavior of every cell for the survival of the whole organism. In mammalian tissues, cells do communicate via diverse long- and short-range communication mechanisms. While long-range communication involves hormones through blood circulation and neural transmission, short-range communication mechanisms include either paracrine diffusible factors or direct interactions (e.g., gap junctions, intercellular bridges and tunneling nanotubes) or a mixture of both (e.g., exosomes). Tumor growth represents an alteration

The multiple roles of interferon regulatory factor family in health and disease.

Interferon Regulatory Factors (IRFs), a family of transcription factors, profoundly influence the immune system, impacting both physiological and pathological processes. This review explores the diverse functions of nine mammalian IRF members, each featuring conserved domains essential for interactions with other transcription factors and cofactors. These interactions allow IRFs to modulate a broad spectrum of physiological processes, encompassing host defense, immune response, and cell development. Conversely, their pivotal role in immune regulation implicates them in the pathophysiology of v

Current advances of CRISPR-Cas technology in cell therapy.

CRISPR-Cas is a versatile genome editing technology that has been broadly applied in both basic research and translation medicine. Ever since its discovery, the bacterial derived endonucleases have been engineered to a collection of robust genome-editing tools for introducing frameshift mutations or base conversions at site-specific loci. Since the initiation of first-in-human trial in 2016, CRISPR-Cas has been tested in 57 cell therapy trials, 38 of which focusing on engineered CAR-T cells and TCR-T cells for cancer malignancies, 15 trials of engineered hematopoietic stem cells treating hemog

Genome-scale analysis to identify prognostic markers in patients with early-stage pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

BackgroundMolecular analysis is a promising source of clinically useful prognostic biomarkers. The aim of this investigation was to identify prognostic biomarkers for patients with early-stage pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) after pancreaticoduodenectomy.MethodsAn RNA sequencing dataset of PDAC was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Survival analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis were used to investigate the prognostic markers of early-stage PDAC after pancreaticoduodenectomy.ResultsUsing whole genome expression level screening, we identified 1,238 markers that w

Targeting Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 1A: How Small-Molecule Inhibitors Suppress Tumor Growth via Diverse Pathways.

Eukaryotic elongation factor 1A (eEF1A), the second most abundant intracellular protein, not only plays a key role in peptide elongation, but is also capable of numerous moonlighting functions. Within malignant cells, eEF1A is by no means a neutral bystander but instead actively participates in oncogenic transformations via a myriad of molecular pathways. Thus far, a broad range of small-molecule inhibitors have been identified, which, despite their structural diversity, suppress tumor growth by targeting eEF1A. Interestingly, just as eEF1A enables its oncogenic potential far beyond boosting p

Drug-induced oxidative stress in cancer treatments: Angel or devil?

Oxidative stress (OS), defined as redox imbalance in favor of oxidant burden, is one of the most significant biological events in cancer progression. Cancer cells generally represent a higher oxidant level, which suggests a dual therapeutic strategy by regulating redox status (i.e., pro-oxidant therapy and/or antioxidant therapy). Indeed, pro-oxidant therapy exhibits a great anti-cancer capability, attributing to a higher oxidant accumulation within cancer cells, whereas antioxidant therapy to restore redox homeostasis has been claimed to fail in several clinical practices. Targeting the redox

mRNA вакцины для профилактики и лечения заболеваний.

mRNA вакцины стали высокоэффективными стратегиями в области профилактики и лечения болезней, в значительной степени, хотя и не полностью благодаря их выдающимся показателям в последние годы в борьбе с глобальной чумой. COVID-19. Огромное превосходство вакцин MRNA в том, что касается их эффективности, безопасности и крупномасштабного производства, побуждает фармацевтическую промышленность и биотехнологические компании распространять их применение на различные заболевания, несмотря на несомненные проблемы в проектировании, изготовлении и способе управления. В настоящем обзоре рассматриваются тех

Prodrugs in Oncology: Bioactivation and Impact on Therapeutic Efficacy and Toxicity.

A prodrug is a molecule that lacks pharmacological activity, but upon enzymatic bioactivation, it can generate a therapeutically active molecule. The primary reason behind the design of a prodrug is to help circumvent challenges associated with the physicochemical properties of a drug molecule, such as solubility, absorption, distribution, and instability. Chemotherapy has been at the forefront of cancer treatment for over 70 years due to its ability to target rapidly proliferating tumor cells. However, a major concern with conventional chemotherapy is the lack of selectivity and its associate

Аналитическая проверка множественного пептида для многоантигенного серологического профилирования вируса Эпштейн-Барр по различным клиническим образцам.

Вирус Эпштейн-Барр (ЭБВ) заражает более 95% взрослых и связан с различными результатами: от асимптомной запоздалости до инфекционного мононуклеоза (IM), малигнации и множественного склероза (MS). Обычная серология, основанная на ЭЛИСА, часто ограничивается небольшим количеством растворимых, цельнопротеиновых антигенов и не сохраняет информацию о конкретных линейных районах обнаружения антигенов, которые способствуют общей реакции антител. Множественные пептидные микроархивы устраняют это ограничение, однако их использование в клинической практике требует характеристики их аналитических характе

Current Uses of Mushrooms in Cancer Treatment and Their Anticancer Mechanisms.

Cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Various chemotherapeutic drugs have been extensively used for cancer treatment. However, current anticancer drugs cause severe side effects and induce resistance. Therefore, the development of novel and effective anticancer agents with minimal or no side effects is important. Notably, natural compounds have been highlighted as anticancer drugs. Among them, many researchers have focused on mushrooms that have biological activities, including antitumor activity. The aim of this review is to discuss the anticancer potential of different mushroom

Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cancer Treatment.

Cancer, as a complicated disease, is considered to be one of the major leading causes of death globally. Although various cancer therapeutic strategies have been established, however, some issues confine the efficacies of the treatments. In recent decades researchers for finding efficient therapeutic solutions have extensively focused on the abilities of stem cells in cancer inhibition. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that can the most widely extracted from various sources such as the bone marrow (BM), placenta, umbilical cord (UC), menses blood, Wharton's jelly (WJ

Advanced Diagnostic Techniques

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Emerging Mechanisms and Treatment Progress on Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer is currently the third largest malignant tumor in the world, with high new cases and high mortality. Metastasis is one of the most common causes of death of colorectal cancer, of which liver metastasis is the most fatal. Since the beginning of the Human Genome Project in 2001, people have gradually recognized the 3 billion base pairs that make up the human genome, of which only about 1.5% of the nucleic acid sequences are used for protein coding, including proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. A large number of differences in the expression of proto-oncogenes and tumor