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Striatal development in autism: repetitive behaviors and the reward circuitry.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is defined by two essential features – impaired social communication abilities, including deficits with social reciprocity, nonverbal communication and establishing relationships, and by the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests (RRBIs). Social deficits get the majority of attention both in science and in the popular media, but RRBIs are equally important in understanding autism. Although RRBIs are also seen in typically developing preschoolers, as well as in other psychiatric disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, their impairin

Комплексный подход к проблеме употребления наркотиков в сексуальных целях (Хемсекс) 3-methylmethcathinone:: отчет о деле.

Практика химиката касается употребления наркотиков во время половой жизни. Во многих статьях содержится описание химикатов и рассматриваются риски, связанные с инфекциями, передаваемыми половым путем; вместе с тем лишь в немногих статьях рассматривается вопрос о формах зависимости химикса с точки зрения диагностических критериев, предрасполагающих факторов и рекомендуемых методов лечения. Наркотики, обычно используемые в химсексуальной практике, включают новые синтетические катиноны 3-methylmethcathinone и 4-methylmethcathinone. Знания о свойствах привыкания 3-methylmethcathinone и 4-methylmet

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… In this context, the first experience of chemsex allowed the patient to escape his emotions through intense sensations of pleasure and helped fulfill his need for social interaction and satisfaction, therefore making chemsex his preferred emotional regulation strategy. …

Quality of life in dysphagia and functional performance of cancer patients in palliative care.

PURPOSE: To correlate the functional performance and impact of dysphagia on the quality of life of cancer patients in palliative care. METHODS: This cross-sectional, quantitative study was conducted at the outpatient clinic and oncology ward of a university hospital. Inclusion criteria required patients to respond positively to the question: "Do you have difficulty or problems swallowing?". Patients were excluded if they had been diagnosed with head and neck cancer, were unable to answer questionnaires due to actively dying status, were in a state of drowsiness, experienced extreme pain and s

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… This affects the patient's quality of life ( 6 , 7 ) , as food provides not only energy but also the pleasure of eating and having emotional memories, which are unchanged despite the disease ( 8 ) . Palliative care aims to promote the quality of life of patients and their families. …

Bias reported by family caregivers in support received when assisting patients with cancer-related decision-making.

BackgroundFamily caregivers play an increasing role in cancer treatment decision-making. We examined bias reported by family caregivers in the support they and their patient received from their healthcare team when making these decisions, including associations with distress.MethodsAnalysis of 2021 national survey data of family caregivers of patients with cancer (N = 2703). Bias experienced in decision support was assessed with the item: "Have you felt that the support you and the person with cancer have received for making cancer-related decisions by your doctor or healthcare team has been n

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… using the 2‐item Patient Health Questionnaire‐2 (PHQ‐2), 15 , 16 which has shown good sensitivity and specificity for detecting major depressive disorder (sensitivity = 72%; specificity = 85%) for scores ≥ 3. 17 Items ask about the frequency over the past 2 weeks of experiencing little interest or pleasure …

Навигация потерь и рост хронических заболеваний: исследование по вопросу о физической активности и благополучии.

В этом исследовании изучается живой опыт пациентов с хроническими заболеваниями, с тем чтобы понять, каким образом значения, приписываемые хроническим заболеваниям, физической активности и благополучию, переплетаются. Это понимание имеет решающее значение для практики ухода, направленной на поддержку и повышение благосостояния. МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ДЕСИГН: Мы провели качественное исследование, основанное на герменевическо-феноменологии, с тем чтобы отразить жизненный опыт участников в описательной форме. В качестве руководящего принципа отчетности используется COREQ. ЭТИЧЕСКИЕ ВОПРОСЫ И УТВЕРЖДЕНИ

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… One elderly woman reminisces about a past life filled with the joy of movement—whether through structured exercise like gymnastics or the unstructured pleasures of gardening. …

Low-Bacterial Diet in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review.

The low-bacterial diet (LBD) is a widely used dietary regimen to reduce the risk of food-borne infections in patients with neutropenic cancer, but its role is controversial due to its unclear benefits. The purpose of this study was to provide an updated analysis of the available evidence on the efficacy of the LBD to reduce the risk of infections, mortality rates, and quality of life (QoL) in neutropenic patients with cancer. A systematic literature search was conducted in the biomedical databases Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINHAL, and EMBASE. The process of the screening, selection, inclusion

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… By having a wider range of food options available, patients can find pleasure in eating, which may help improve their appetite and nutritional intake. Furthermore, the provision of specific education empowers patients and their caregivers with the knowledge and skills to handle food safely. …

Caregiver Quality of Life: Satisfaction and Burnout.

Informal caregivers (ICs) of cancer patients play a crucial role in health care. Several of the challenges they face can affect their quality of life (QoL). This cross-sectional study explored role of burnout and caregiving satisfaction in their relationship to QoL. Portuguese ICs of adult cancer patients (N = 92) answered a sociodemographic and caregiving questionnaire, the WHOQOL-SRPB BREF, assessing physical, psychological, social, environmental, and spiritual QoL domains; the Maslach Burnout Interview, assessing the dimensions of depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and personal accomp

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… According to Lawton and collaborators [ 20 ], it encompasses personal satisfaction with the behaviors and emotions associated with being a caregiver and is associated with the accumulation of events that induce pleasure, affirmation, or joy. …

Acupuncture for cancer-induced bone pain?

Bone pain is the most common type of pain in cancer. Bony metastases are common in advanced cancers, particularly in multiple myeloma, breast, prostate or lung cancer. Current pain-relieving strategies include the use of opioid-based analgesia, bisphosphonates and radiotherapy. Although patients experience some pain relief, these interventions may produce unacceptable side-effects which inevitably affect the quality of life. Acupuncture may represent a potentially valuable adjunct to existing strategies for pain relief and it is known to be relatively free of harmful side-effects. Although acu

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… A common neurobiology for pain and pleasure. Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 2008;9(4):314–320. doi: 10.1038/nrn2333. 58. Benedetti F, Mayberg HS, Wager TD, Stohler CS, Zubieta J-K. Neurobiological mechanisms of the placebo effect. …

Design of the EXercise Intervention after Stem cell Transplantation (EXIST) study: a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an individualized high intensity physical exercise program on fitness and fatigue in patients with multiple myeloma or (non-) Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation.

BACKGROUND: The use of high-dose chemotherapy combined with autologous stem cell transplantation has improved the outcome of hematologic malignancies. Nevertheless, this treatment can cause persistent fatigue and a reduced global quality of life, role and physical function. Physical exercise interventions may be beneficial for physical fitness, fatigue and quality of life. However, the trials conducted so far to test the effects of physical exercise interventions in this group of patients were of poor to moderate methodological quality and economic evaluations are lacking. Hence there is need

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… . | 1. become familiar with exercise program; 2. overcoming the fear of physical activity; 3. improve coordination and muscle hypertrophy and hereby improving muscle force; 4. increasing aerobic capacity; 5. increasing the pleasure in being physically active. 13-18 | Resistance training and interval …

Проверка полиномического (нелинейного) воздействия неврологической и физической инвалидности на сексуальное благополучие при множественном склерозе.

Множественный склероз (MS) относится к числу наиболее распространенных хронических аутоиммунных расстройств, затрагивающих центральную нервную систему. В Польше коэффициент заболеваемости НР составляет 6.3 Процент 100,000 Пациенты. Результаты исследований свидетельствуют о том, что люди, страдающие от НР, в меньшей степени вовлечены в сексуальную жизнь как в физическом, так и в эмоциональном плане, они считают, что секс для них менее важен, чем для здоровых людей, и их половая мотивация ограничена, особенно его физическое измерение. МЕТОДЫ: Всего 121 В исследовании приняли участие люди. Он исп

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… and sexual dysfunctions (lack or loss of sexual desire, lack of sexual pleasure, lack or delay of orgasm, erectile dysfunction, vaginal dryness, premature orgasm, vaginismus, dyspareunia, vulvodynia, pain during intercourse, pain in intimate areas, other and the question “Do you believe that MS affects …

Agreement between the EQ-5D-5L anxiety/depression dimension and GAD-7/PHQ-9 for psychological distress assessment in patients with hematologic malignancies.

BACKGROUND: Patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs) often experience psychological distress, significantly impairing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and deteriorating clinical prognosis. Although the widely used instrument EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L) has been validated in the general population for accurately identifying the psychological symptoms, its performance in HM patients remains unclear. We aimed to investigate whether the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire anxiety/depression (A/D) dimension, when already collected for HRQoL assessment, correlates with anxiety and depression

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… The PHQ-9 refers to nine items on depression symptoms, such as “little interest or pleasure in doing things” and “feeling down, depressed, or hopeless”. …

Pain, Fatigue, Nausea, and Vomiting as the Predictors of Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Prospective Cohort Study.

The primary outcome was to assess the correlation between anxiety and pain, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting. The secondary outcome was to determine the predictive roles of pain, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting in anxiety among patients undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT). The present prospective cohort study was conducted on 200 patients treated by HSCT referred to the centers affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The data were collected using Spielberger Anxiety Questionnaire, Numerical Pain Scale, Brief Fatigue Inventory, and Rhodes Nausea and Vomiting Index.

Review of the Current Knowledge on the Role of Stem Cell Transplantation in Neurorehabilitation.

The management involving stem cell (SC) therapy along with physiotherapy offers tremendous chance for patients after spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, etc. However, there are still only a limited number of reports assessing the impact of stem cells (SCs) on the rehabilitation process and/or the results of the simultaneous use of SC and rehabilitation. Additionally, since there is still not enough convincing evidence about the effect of SCT on humans, e.g., in stroke, there have been no studies conducted concerning rehabilitation program formation and expected outc

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… interval training (2 x 8 minutes) | 2 x per week | (1) become familiar with exercise program | 60 minutes | (2) overcoming the fear of physical activity | | | (3) improve coordination and muscle hypertrophy and improving muscle force | | | (4) increasing aerobic capacity | | | (5) increasing the pleasure …

Major depressive disorder and measures of cellular aging: an integrative review.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects millions of individuals and causes significant suffering worldwide. It has been speculated that MDD is associated with accelerated aging-related biological and functional decline. To examine the accelerated aging hypothesis, one of the biomarkers under study is leukocyte telomeres, and specifically the measure of telomere length and telomerase activity. This review integrates findings from eleven human studies which evaluated telomere length and telomerase activity, in order to synthesize the state of the current science and to inform the development of

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… Anticipatory stress response: a significant commonality in stress, relaxation, pleasure and love responses. Medical Science Monitor. 2008;14(2):RA17–RA21. 14. World Health Organization. Investing in mental health. 2003. http://www.who.int/mental_health/en/investing_in_mnh_final.pdf . 15. …

GLP-1 Рецептор агонисты в неврологических расстройствах: от механизмов к клиническому переводу.

Глукагон-подобный peptide-1 агонисты рецепторов или GLP-1RAs, были использованы годами для обработки типа 2 диабет и ожирение. Совсем недавно стало ясно, что эти рецепторы широко распространяются по всей центральной нервной системе (СНС), что расширило возможность повторного использования этих лекарств для лечения неврологических расстройств. В этом обзоре мы анализируем улики по целому ряду неврологических условий, обсуждаем основные механизмы, которые, как предполагается, объясняют их нейрозащитные эффекты, и указываем на препятствия, которые еще предстоит устранить, прежде чем их можно буде

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… Lots of factors are involved including monoamine imbalances, too little neurotrophic support, brain inflammation, and changes in how neurons connect with each other. 102 GLP-1 receptors are found in brain regions that handle reward and pleasure. …

Incivility Is Associated with Burnout and Reduced Compassion Satisfaction: A Mixed-Method Study to Identify Causes of Burnout among Oncology Clinical Research Coordinators.

While oncology clinical research coordinators (CRCs) experience a combination of factors that are thought to put them at increased risk for burnout, very little research has been conducted to understand the risk factors associated with burnout among CRCs. We used a mixed-method approach, including self-report questionnaires to assess burnout and compassion satisfaction, as well as individual and interpersonal variables hypothesized to impact CRC well-being. We also conducted a focus group to gain a more nuanced understanding of coordinators' experiences around burnout, teamwork, resilience, an

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… Factors that are protective against burnout also positively contribute to compassion satisfaction, defined as the ability to derive pleasure and gratification from caregiving [ 23 , 24 ]. …

Pharmacological Treatments and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Patients with Chronic Pain.

Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that affects every aspect of a patient's life and which may be treated through different pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Analgesics are the drugs most commonly used to treat pain, and in specific situations, the use of opioids may be considered with caution. These drugs, in fact, do not always induce optimal analgesia in patients, and several problems are associated with their use. The purpose of this narrative review is to describe the pharmacological approaches currently used for the management of chronic pain. We rev

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… As previously mentioned, opioids provide an analgesic action by binding mainly to µ receptors, which are concentrated in brain regions and control perception of pleasure and well-being, pain perception, and pain-induced emotional responses and reward. … Accordingly, repeated opioid intake reinforces these acquired associations and becomes part of the craving for the drug analgesic or pleasurable effects [ 184 ]. …

Changes in quality of life throughout the illness trajectory of older adults with cancer: a systematic review.

BackgroundOlder adults with cancer often experience frailty and comorbidities, potentially impacting their quality of life. Knowledge on quality-of-life changes throughout the cancer trajectory is important to set feasible expectations in interventions or trials.AimThis systematic review synthesizes existing knowledge on quality-of-life changes in older adults with cancer throughout their illness trajectory and explores potential individual, relational, community, and societal factors associated with these changes.MethodWe systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO. We synthesized ch

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… Moreover, the study of Baziliansky et al. (2023) uses the Control, Autonomy, Self-Realization, and Pleasure scale to measure quality of life, whereas the concepts of autonomy and self-realization are fundamentals of eudaimonic well-being. 55 Remarkably, none of the studies used the WHO definition or …

Лиминальное пространство между надеждой и горем: феномен неопределенности, испытываемый людьми, живущими с повторно излучающим множественный склероз.

СТРУКТУРА: Люди с хроническим заболеванием, страдающие множественным склерозом, подвергаются различной степени глубокой неопределенности. Неопределенность связана с неблагоприятными психологическими последствиями, такими, как чувство повышенной уязвимости, уклонение от принятия решений, страх, беспокойство, тревожное расстройство и даже депрессия. Исследования в области множественного склероза сосредоточены главным образом на научных, практических и психосоциальных вопросах неопределенности. Для сравнения, экзистенциальная неопределенность была недостаточно изучена, даже несмотря на то, что он

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… They start to work on this with a coach (P07), take concrete steps with their employer to find different tasks (P09, P13), imagine themselves doing volunteer work (P06), especially in the unfortunate case of a pending dismissal (P10), or take pleasure in being a grandparent for their grandchildren (P15 …

Усталость при множественном склерозе: обзор сферы охвата фармакологических и нефармакологических мероприятий.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Усталость является весьма распространенным симптомом у людей с множественным склерозом. Он требует тщательной оценки и оперативного вмешательства в целях повышения качества их жизни и общего бремени болезней. Цель этого аналитического обзора состоит в том, чтобы обеспечить всеобъемлющее обобщение и обновление имеющихся данных об эффективности различных фармацевтических и нефармакологических мероприятий в связи с множественным склерозом (МС) усталости. МЕТОДЫ: Для обеспечения транспарентности и качества статей, выбранных для этого аналитического обзора, использовались предпочтительные