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Long-acting beta(2)-agonists in management of childhood asthma: A critical review of the literature.

This review assesses the evidence regarding the use of long-acting beta(2)-agonists in the management of pediatric asthma. Thirty double-blind, randomized, controlled trials on the effects of formoterol and salmeterol on lung function in asthmatic children were identified. Single doses of inhaled salmeterol or formoterol cause prolonged bronchodilatation (>12 h) and extended bronchoprotection against exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in children, some children achieving full protection for more than 12 h. Heterogeneity in bronchoprotection has been observed, and individual dose-titration ma

Sitting Baduanjin-based rehabilitation programme following endovascular therapy in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia: protocol for a WeChat mini program-assisted multicentre randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Endovascular therapy (EVT) is an important revascularization strategy for limb salvage in patients with chronic limb-threatening … otential cardiovascular regulatory effects, and may therefore be suitable for patients with limited exercise tolerance after EVT. However, evidence regarding the effects of SBDJ on target-limb haemodynamic status and patient-centred outcomes in patients with CLTI following EVT remains limited. METHODS: This prospective, multicentre, parallel-group randomised contro …

Low Aerobic Capacity Accelerates Lipid Accumulation and Metabolic Abnormalities Caused by High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Postpartum Mice.

Women during pregnancy and postpartum show high rates of obesity and metabolic diseases, especially women with excessive caloric intake. In the past, it was proved that individuals with high intrinsic aerobic exercise capacities showed higher lipid metabolism and lower fat production than those with low intrinsic aerobic exercise capacities. The purpose of this study was to determine whether mice with the low-fitness phenotype (LAEC) were more likely to develop metabolic abnormalities and obesity under dietary induction after delivery, and if mice with a high-fitness phenotype (HAEC) had a pro

Mechanical suppression of osteolytic bone metastases in advanced breast cancer patients: a randomised controlled study protocol evaluating safety, feasibility and preliminary efficacy of exercise as a targeted medicine.

BACKGROUND: Skeletal metastases present a major challenge for clinicians, representing an advanced and typically incurable stage of cancer. Bone is also the most common location for metastatic breast carcinoma, with skeletal lesions identified in over 80% of patients with advanced breast cancer. Preclinical models have demonstrated the ability of mechanical stimulation to suppress tumour formation and promote skeletal preservation at bone sites with osteolytic lesions, generating modulatory interference of tumour-driven bone remodelling. Preclinical studies have also demonstrated anti-cancer e

Случайное контролируемое испытание "REAL-FITENS" для оценки физической активности пациентов с новой диагностированной множественной миеломой.

Множественная миелома (ММ) является вторым по распространенности гематологической злокачественности. Чаще всего пожилые пациенты страдают от коморбидов, которые ухудшают качество их жизни (QoL). Физическая активность (ПА) может быть полезной для больных раком, однако в MM имеется меньше доказательств. Это произвольное контролируемое испытание (РКТ) сравнилось с группой учений, отвечающих требованиям Всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ) (ПА).150 мин-аэробные упражнения и 2 - проведение учебных занятий/неделя по вопросам сопротивления по сравнению с обычной деятельностью (контрольная груп

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… Methods REAL‐FITNESS was a prospective, monocentric, 1:1 randomized, controlled trial investigating the effects of WHO‐recommended training on exercise tolerance, symptoms and QoL in NDMM patients. …

Effects of exercise training in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm: preliminary results from a randomized trial.

OBJECTIVE: No effective medical therapy exists for early abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) disease. Lower extremity exercise improves aortic hemodynamics and reduces inflammation, but the safety and efficacy of exercise training in AAA disease is unknown. As an interim analysis of our prospective, randomized, longitudinal trial of exercise for AAA suppression, we investigated whether subjects with early disease could safely achieve target metabolic and hemodynamic goals. METHODS: One hundred eight participants were randomized to exercise training (EX) or usual care (UC). EX subjects participate

Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection Draining into the Azygos System.

A 45-year-old woman with a history of a repaired atrial septal defect presented with progressive dyspnea and reduced exercise tolerance. Cardiac computed tomography revealed a right-sided partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) draining into the azygos system, leading to surgical referral owing to persistent symptoms. PAPVC, a rare congenital heart defect often undiagnosed until adulthood, should be considered in patients with tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonary hypertension, or a right heart dilation of unknown etiology. Multimodal cardiac imaging is essential before invasive tre…

Metastatic Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma Infiltrating the Heart: A Rare Case Diagnosed Using Imaging Data.

Small-cell lung carcinoma is a high-grade aggressive disease that occurs most commonly in bronchial lung cancer, and metastasis to the heart is extremely rare. The diagnosis of metastatic small-cell lung carcinoma infiltrating the heart remains challenging because of the variability of its clinical presentation. Hereinafter, we reported a case of a 41-year-old man who suffered from small-cell lung cancer that invaded the pulmonary artery. The patient presented with chest tightness, dry cough, and deterioration in exercise tolerance and diagnosed at his imaging data, who had an uneventful recov…

Updates in Tendinopathy Treatment Options.

Tendinopathy is a common but disabling condition. The term describes a complex, multifaceted pathology of the tendon characterized by pain, decreased function, and reduced exercise tolerance. Tendinopathy accounts for up to 30% of general practice musculoskeletal consultations. Advances in understanding the disease process include inflammation as part of the early tendinopathy process. Once thought to not contribute to the early process of tendon degeneration, this hypothesis has been refuted. This allows guidance in conservative treatment. However, when conservative treatments fail, there are…

Postoperative episodic left bundle branch block.

Transient left bundle branch block (LBBB) associated with physical exertion has been described in patients with and without coronary artery disease. A 64-year-old woman with no history of coronary artery disease underwent Nissen fundoplication under general anesthesia. Preoperatively, an exercise-tolerance test revealed LBBB, without ischemic symptoms. Intraoperatively, the electrocardiogram revealed normal sinus rhythm. Postoperatively, LBBB appeared in the absence of clinical symptoms or physiologic stress. The patient reported several similar episodes previously. Cardiac enzymes were negati

[Glycopyrronium bromide is a long-acting inhaled anticholinergic in the treatment of severe COPD].

Long-acting bronchodilators are central in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This short review provides an overview of the studies evaluating the safety and efficacy of inhaled glycopyrronium, a long-acting muscarinic antagonist, in patients with COPD. Glycopyrronium has clinically important effects on the level of forced expiratory volume in the first second, use of rescue medication, daytime dyspnoea scores, and health status. Glycopyrronium also has beneficial effects on dynamic hyperinflation, exercise tolerance, and the rate of exacerbations. Glycopyrronium s…

Successful combined heart-bilateral lung-kidney transplantation from a same donor to treat severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with secondary pulmonary hypertension and renal failure: case report and review of the literature.

This study describes the first reported case of a combined heart-lung-kidney transplantation. Our patient suffered from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to long-standing hypertension with Dana Point Classification Group 2 pulmonary hypertension from the underlying cardiac disease, along with renal failure necessitating renal replacement therapy. Twenty months after the transplant procedure, she has stable pulmonary and renal function, plus has resumed a normal daily life with improving exercise tolerance. We propose that a combined heart-lung-kidney transplantation may be an acceptable therapeu…

Postural Tachycardia Syndrome associated with peripartum cardiomyopathy.

Here we describe a 26-year-old woman who developed peripartum cardiomyopathy characterized by fatigue, poor exercise tolerance, and palpitations. Initial echocardiography showed global left ventricular dysfunction with an ejection fraction of 40%. Subsequently, the patient developed a resting tachycardia associated with symptomatic postural tachycardia. A diagnosis of Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia was made based on Holter monitoring studies with an average heart rate of 121 beat per minute (bpm). Standard autonomic evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of Postural Tachycardia Syndrome. The card…

Lecithinized superoxide dismutase treatment improves steroid-refractory interstitial pneumonia.

Pulmonary fibrosis associated with amyopathic dermatomyositis is known to have a generally aggressive course and is ultimately fatal. We report the case of a 50-year-old patient with amyopathic dermatomyositis, who developed progressive interstitial pneumonia that was unresponsive to corticosteroids and multiple immunosuppressive agents, including cyclosporine and tacrolimus hydrate. Five courses of lecithinized superoxide dismutase were administered without adverse effects. Improvements in physiological parameters, such as pulmonary function and exercise tolerance, as well as the serum Krebs …

The carcinoid syndrome: an unusual cause of valvular heart disease.

A 30-year-old woman presented to the Emergency Department with complaints of shortness of breath, orthopnea, and a severe reduction in exercise tolerance. The symptoms were the result of severe valvular heart disease that resulted from a bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumor. The carcinoid syndrome is a distinctive clinical syndrome seen in patients with carcinoid tumors. Cardiac valvular lesions are seen in the majority of patients with the carcinoid syndrome and represent the most clinically significant consequence of the carcinoid syndrome. This case report discusses carcinoid tumors, the carcin…

COPD: using nutrition to prevent respiratory function decline.

Close to three-fourths of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) suffer from weight loss. Identifying a single cause for this is difficult, as several factors-including chronic mouth breathing, dyspnea, aerophagia, certain medications, and depression-often act in concert. Malnutrition can exacerbate symptoms of COPD by decreasing ventilatory muscle strength, exercise tolerance, and immunocompetence, and by increasing the risk of depression and anxiety. Goals of nutrition intervention are to prevent or reverse malnutrition without worsening the disease process and to improve…

Effect of aerobic exercise training on the fat fraction of the liver in persons with chronic hepatitis B and hepatic steatosis: Trial protocol for a randomized controlled intervention trial- The FitLiver study.

BACKGROUND: The global prevalence of chronic hepatitis B is more than 300 million people, and in Denmark, 17,000 people are estimated to have chronic hepatitis B. Untreated, chronic hepatitis B can lead to the development of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. There is no curable therapy. In persons with obesity and chronic hepatitis B infection, the development of hepatic steatosis imposes a double burden on the liver, leading to an increased risk of cirrhosis and liver cancer. In patients without chronic hepatitis B, exercise interventions have shown beneficial effects on hepatic steatosis thr

Congenital Hyperinsulinism and Long QT Syndrome Attributable to a Variant in <italic>KCNE1</italic>.

INTRODUCTION: This is a report of a child with congenital hyperinsulinism associated with a loss-of-function variant in KCNE1. KCNE1 encodes … otype testing including fasting test, oral glucose tolerance test, oral protein tolerance test, and exercise tolerance test. CONCLUSIONS: This case illustrates that loss-of-function variants in KCNE1, similar to KCNQ1, are associated with a cardiac and a beta cell phenotype, and thus, this patient population should be screened for hypoglycemia, particularly in the …

Impact of home-based aerobic exercise on the physical capacity of overweight patients with chronic kidney disease.

BACKGROUND: Home-based exercise has been shown to provide benefits in terms of physical capacity in the general population, but has been scarcely investigated in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). AIMS: To evaluate the impact of a home-based aerobic training on the cardiopulmonary and functional capacities of overweight non-dialysis-dependent patients with CKD (NDD-CKD). METHODS: Twenty-nine sedentary patients (55.1 ± 11.6 years, BMI = 31.2 ± 6.1 kg/m(2), eGFR = 26.9 ± 17.4 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) were randomly assigned to a home-based exercise group (n = 14) or to a control group (n = 15

Feasibility of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation in a Young Patient With Hematological Malignancy Unable to Perform Active Exercise: A Case Report.

Patients with hematological malignancies often have difficulty performing aerobic and resistance exercises because of the disease and the adverse effects from chemotherapy. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) may provide an alternative rehabilitation option for patients with cancer who cannot perform conventional exercise therapy. However, the safety and feasibility of NMES in patients with severe thrombocytopenia remain unclear. This case report describes the feasibility of NMES during chemotherapy in a young patient with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-cell ALL), severe thromb