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Ось микробиота-инфламасомного мозга в качестве патогенного посредника нейродегенеративных расстройств.

В различных нейродегенеративных расстройствах важную роль играет воспаление и связанная с этим воспаленная активация. Наиболее распространенными и обширными исследованиями воспаления являются NLRP3 воспаления, которые возникают из-за патогенов или опасных сигналов, содействующих провокационной реакции. Внеклеточный СПС также активирует NLRP3 путем стимулирования purinergic рецептора P2X7 (P2X7R). Было установлено, что центральные и периферийные клетки, в том числе клетки в кишечнике, активировали воспаление во время патологических изменений в сочетании с воспалением в различных нейродегенерати

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
In various neurodegenerative disorders, inflammation and associated inflammasome activation play an important role. The most prevalent and e … ateral sclerosis (ALS). We also scrutinise the relationship of the NLRP3 inflammasome to intestinal microbiota alterations in these diseases. Both the NLRP3 inflammasome and P2X7R have been shown to play important roles in the pathogenesis and progression of these neurodegenerative diseases. However, most studies have focused on central nervous system (CNS) …

Двунаправленная связь между кишечной микробиотой и центральной нервной системой.

В последние годы все большее число исследователей заинтересовалось двунаправленной связью между кишечной микробиотой и центральной нервной системой. Это общение происходит через ось микробиота-гут-мозгов. По мере старения людей состав кишечного микробиота претерпевает значительные изменения, которые, как известно, играют важную роль в развитии многих нейродегенеративных заболеваний. Целью этого обзора является изучение сложных путей двунаправленного сигнала между кишечником и мозгом. В нем резюмируются последние результаты исследований о том, как кишечная микробиота и ее метаболиты играют важн

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
In recent years, an increasing number of researchers have become interested in the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system. This communication occurs through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. As people age, the composition of the gut microbiota undergoes considerable changes, which are now known to play an important…

Роль кишечного микробиота и взаимодействия иммунной системы в области аутоиммунных заболеваний.

СТРУКТУРА: Сложная взаимосвязь между кишечной микробиотой и иммунной системой стала центральной темой в понимании аутоиммунного патогенеза. … бет типа 1. Терапевтические вмешательства, такие как пробиотики, предбиотики и трансплантация Fecal Microbiota, демонстрируют многообещающий потенциал в восстановлении микробного и иммунного гомеостаза. ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: В настоящем обзоре подчеркивается роль кишечной иммунной оси в аутоиммунных заболеваниях. Несмотря на нынешние проблемы, такие, как индивидуальна …

Characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with asthenozoospermia: a Chinese pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Identification of intestinal flora composition is significant for exploring the cause and pathogenic mechanisms of the gut-testis axis and clarifying the relationship between microbiota and infertility. Our study aimed to examine the alternation in gut microbiota composition and identify potential microbes associated with development of Asthenozoospermia (AS). METHOD: A total of 580 males were recruited in the outpatient department of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital between September 2021 and March 2023. Sperm parameters were analyzed according to the WHO laboratory ma…

The human vaginal microbiota: from clinical medicine to models to mechanisms.

The composition of the vaginal microbiota is linked to numerous reproductive health problems, including increased susceptibility to infection, pregnancy complications, and impaired vaginal tissue repair; however, the mechanisms contributing to these adverse outcomes are not yet fully defined. In this review, we highlight recent clinical advancements associating vaginal microbiome composition and function with health outcomes. Subsequently, we provide a summary of emerging models employed to identify microbe-microbe interactions contributing to vaginal health, including metagenomic sequencing, …

Effect of chronic alcohol consumption on oral microbiota in rats with periodontitis.

BACKGROUND: The imbalance of oral microbiota can contribute to various oral disorders and potentially impact general health. Chronic alcohol consumption beyond a certain threshold has been implicated in influencing both the onset and progression of periodontitis. However, the mechanism by which chronic alcohol consumption affects periodontitis and its association with changes in the oral microbial community remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to examine the dynamic changes in the oral microbial community of rats with periodontitis influenced by chroni…

Characterization of the vaginal microbiota in Italian women with endometriosis: preliminary study.

PURPOSE: This cross-sectional study aims to assess the interplay between the vaginal microbiota and endometriosis. METHODS: 123 consecutive Italian fertile women, aged between 20 and 40 years old, were enrolled during a routine gynecological consultation; 24 were diagnosed with endometriosis and 99 did not complain of any gynecological disease. All women underwent a vaginal swab for the evaluation of the composition and diversity of vaginal microbiota by means of 16 s rDNA metagenomic sequencing. RESULTS: Compared to women with no gynecological disease, the vaginal microbiota in women with e…

Oral Microbiota and the Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers-A Narrative Literature Review.

The human body is colonized by trillions of microorganisms in a symbiotic relationship. The oral cavity represents one of the most abundant microbial habitats in our body. Advances in sequencing techniques provide a more detailed understanding of the oral microbiota and how imbalances between bacteria, the phenomenon of dysbiosis, can affect not only the development of dental caries or inflammation within the oral cavity but also systemic diseases and cancers in distant locations. This narrative review evaluates the relationship between oral microbiota and its impact on gastrointestinal cancer…

The Role of the Endometrial Microbiota in Endometrial Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Endometrial cancer is currently the sixth most frequent cancer in women, and scientific research is focusing on the search for particular features of the endometrium that may explain a further predisposition to the onset of endometrial cancer, aimed at improving knowledge of the pathogenetic factors of this disease. The aim of our review is to analyze in detail the results of the literature on the endometrial microbiota in patients with endometrial cancer and to investigate its role. Methods: We performed our research on the Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. We searched…

Characterizing core microbiota and regulatory functions of the pig gut microbiome.

Domestic pigs (Sus scrofa) are the leading terrestrial animals used for meat production. The gut microbiota significantly affect host nutrition, metabolism, and immunity. Hence, characterization of the gut microbial structure and function will improve our understanding of gut microbial resources and the mechanisms underlying host-microbe interactions. Here, we investigated the gut microbiomes of seven pig breeds using metagenomics and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. We established an expanded gut microbial reference catalog comprising 17 020 160 genes and identified 4910 metagenome-assemble…

Involvement of gut microbiota in chlorpyrifos-induced subchronic toxicity in mice.

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is one of the most widely used organophosphorus pesticides all over the world. Unfortunately, long-term exposure to CPF may cause considerable toxicity to organisms. Some evidence suggests that the intestinal microbial community may be involved in regulating the toxicity of CPF. In this study, we explored if the intestinal microbial community is involved in regulating the toxicity of CPF. Adult mice were continuously exposed to CPF (4 mg/kg body weight /day) for 10 weeks with or without a 2-week pretreatment of antibiotics to change the ecological structure of intestinal mic

Gut microbiota: Implications in pathogenesis and therapy to cardiovascular disease (Review).

The gut microbiota refers to the diverse bacterial community residing in the gastrointestinal tract. Recent data indicate a strong correlation between alterations in the gut microbiota composition and the onset of various diseases, notably cardiovascular disorders. Evidence suggests the gut-cardiovascular axis signaling molecules released by the gut microbiota play a pivotal role in regulation. This review systematically delineates the association between dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and prevalent cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial infarction and he…

Inhalation exposure to chemicals, microbiota dysbiosis and adverse effects on humans.

As revealed by culture-independent methodologies, disruption of the normal lung microbiota (LM) configuration (LM dysbiosis) is a potential mediator of adverse effects from inhaled chemicals. LM, which consists of microbiota in the upper and lower respiratory tract, is influenced by various factors, including inter alia environmental exposures. LM dysbiosis has been associated with multiple respiratory pathologies such as asthma, lung cancer, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis (CF). Chemically-induced LM dysbiosis appears to pl…

Fecal microbiota transplantation as a preventive treatment for recurrent acute cholangitis.

BACKGROUND: Recurrent acute cholangitis (RAC) is a relatively uncommon entity that presents significant management difficulties. We present … quently instituted to prevent new episodes of cholangitis failed, it was decided to perform a fecal microbiota transplant from a healthy donor and to suspend the chronic suppressive treatment. Since then, she has not presented new episodes of RAC for more than 10 months of clinical follow-up. BLEE-producing E. coli in the gastrointestinal tract could not be …

Regionalization of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in the small intestine of the Bactrian camel.

INTRODUCTION: Peyer's patches (PPs) are crucial antigen-inductive sites of intestinal mucosal immunity. Prior research indicated that, in contrast to other ruminants, PPs in the small intestine of Bactrian camels are found in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum and display polymorphism. Using this information, we analyzed the microbial and metabolic characteristics in various segments of the Bactrian camel's small intestine to further elucidate how the immune system varies across different regions. METHODS: In this study, the microbiota and metabolite of 36 intestinal mucosal samples, including …

Gut microbiota and metabolic changes in children with idiopathic short stature.

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic short stature (ISS) is characterized by short stature with unknown causes. Recent studies showed different gut microbiota flora and reduced fecal short-chain fatty acids in ISS children. However, the roles of the microbiome and metabolites in the pathogenesis of ISS remains largely unknown. METHODS: We recruited 51 Chinese subjects, comprising 26 ISS children and 25 normal-height control individuals. Untargeted metabolomics was performed to explore the fecal metabolic profiles between groups. A shotgun metagenomic sequencing approach was used to investigate the microbio…

Assessment of peripheral venous catheters microbiota and its association with phlebitis.

BACKGROUND: Peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) remain the primary mode of short-term venous access for managing intravenous fluid, obtaining blood samples, and peripheral parenteral nutrition. They may get contaminated and require regular monitoring to prevent complications. This study evaluated the occurrence of phlebitis and its associated-clinical and microbiological indicators. METHODS: The frequency of phlebitis was evaluated in hospitalized patients of both medical and surgical fields. Subsequently, the dichotomous association between the presence of phlebitis and the clinical aspects w

Pilots, Astronauts, and the Aerospace Microbiota: A Narrative Review of Occupational Impact.

The human microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining health and preventing disease; however, the effects of occupational exposure on the microbiota of aircrew and astronauts are not fully understood. This narrative review aims to synthesize the current knowledge on microbiota alterations in aerospace medicine, assess the potential of probiotics as a countermeasure, and identify key gaps that warrant further research. The references were identified through searching PubMed for English articles published between 2010 and 2024, using keywords related to microbiota, probiotics, aviation, space…