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Metformin use and risk of myeloproliferative neoplasms: a Danish population-based case-control study.

AbstractPrevious studies have suggested that metformin has beneficial effects beyond its glucose-lowering properties, particularly in terms of its potential as an antineoplastic and cancer-preventive agent. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between metformin use and the risk of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). We conducted a population-based case-control study using Danish registers. Cases with MPN diagnosed between 2010 and 2018 were identified, and metformin use before the MPN diagnosis was ascertained. We compared metformin use among cases with MPN and an age- and se

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… educational level (primary school; high school; short/middle long education; long education) as a measure of socioeconomic status; (2) Charlson Comorbidity Index 21 (CCI: 0; 1; ≥2); 3) use of drugs with suggested cancer-preventive effects 22 including aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, alendronate … obesity-related diagnoses | 155 (4.1) | 841 (4.4) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 348 (9.1) | 1527 (8.0) Autoimmune disease | 325 (8.5) | 1611 (8.4) Previous drug use, n (%) | | Aspirin | 1312 (34.4) | 5034 (26.4) Other NSAIDs | 3140 (82.3) | 15 345 (80.4) Statins | 1332 (34.9) | 6389 (33.5) Alendronate …

Bisphophonates related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

OBJECTIVE: With sporadic reporting of BPs related osteonecrosis of jaw and in absence of definitive guidelines regarding the management of such patients, the dentists and the oral and maxillofacial surgeons need to be updated about this issue. The objective of this article was to produce an updated bibliographic review of BPs related ONJ. This paper reviews the literature regarding the same for better understanding of the problem and its management. BACKGROUND: Bisphosphonates (BPs) are potent inhibitors of bone resorption and are widely used in the treatment of osteoporosis and other disease

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… Systemic alendronate prevents resorption of necrotic bone during revascularization. A bone chamber study in rats. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2002;3:19. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-3-19. 11. Martin TJ, Grin V. Bisphosphonates-mechanisms of action. Aust Prescriber. 2000;23:130–2. 12. … Alendronate Phase III Osteoporosis Treatment Study Group. Ten years' experience with alendronate for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:1189–99. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa030897. 59. Bagan JV, Jimenez Y, Murillo J, Hernandez S, Poveda R, Sanchis JM, et al. …

Post hip fracture orthogeriatric care-a Canadian position paper addressing challenges in care and strategies to meet quality indicators.

INTRODUCTION: Osteoporosis is a major disease state associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. Less than half of the individuals sustaining a low energy hip fracture are diagnosed and treated for the underlying osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE: A multidisciplinary Canadian hip fracture working group has developed practical recommendations to meet Canadian quality indicators in post hip fracture care. METHODS: A comprehensive narrative review was conducted to identify and synthesize key articles on post hip fracture orthogeriatric care for each of the individual sections

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… The Active-Controlled Fracture Study in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis at High Risk (ARCH) study compared romosozumab to alendronate in a head to head trial [ 162 ]. … In the ARCH trial, romosozumab was compared to alendronate [ 162 ]. Major adverse cardiovascular adverse events were seen more frequently in the romosozumab group (2.0%) than in the alendronate group (1.1%) [ 162 , 163 ]. …

Importance of Whole-Body Scintigraphy or Positron Emission Tomography for Early Detection of Femoral Lesions in Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Bisphosphonates.

BackgroundWe hypothesized that most of the atypical femoral fractures (AFFs) associated with bisphosphonate treatment for breast cancer (BC) could be found before the fracture event in another radiological examination already performed by breast surgeons, rather than on simple radiographs (SRs).MethodsWe thoroughly inspected the clinical charts of BC patients treated at our institute between 2008 and 2017. In total, 228 patients were categorized into three groups based on SRs: complete AFF on at least one side (group 1); incomplete fracture on at least one side, but not any complete fracture (

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… CONFLICT OF INTEREST: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. 1 Boivin GY Chavassieux PM Santora AC Yates J Meunier PJ Alendronate increases bone strength by increasing the mean degree of mineralization of bone tissue in osteoporotic women Bone 2000 27 5 687 694 11062357 … 10.1016/s8756-3282(00)00376-8 2 Bone HG Hosking D Devogelaer JP Ten years' experience with alendronate for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women N Engl J Med 2004 350 12 1189 1199 15028823 10.1056/NEJMoa030897 3 Eastell R Barton I Hannon RA Chines A Garnero P Delmas PD Relationship of early changes …

Dental extraction following zoledronate, induces osteonecrosis in rat's jaw.

Sarcoptic mange is a parasitic contagious disease that can lead to significant declines in wildlife populations. To identify the most used methods for diagnosing mange in free-ranging wildlife species, a systematic review was conducted across multiple databases: Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest Central and CABI. Citation screening was performed using the web-based platform, Covidence. A customized data extraction form, developed by the authors, was used to collect relevant information. This information was later exported and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The objectives of this system

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… Effects of alendronate on bone healing after tooth extraction in rats. Oral Dis. 2010;16:674–85. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2010.01677.x. 20. Sonis ST, Watkins BA, Lyng GD, Lerman MA, Anderson KC. … Severely Suppressed Bone Turnover: A Potential Complication of Alendronate Therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:1294–301. doi: 10.1210/jc.2004-0952. 25. Burr DB, Allen MR. Mandibular necrosis in beagle dogs treated with bisphosphonates. …

Anti-resorptive therapy in the osteometabolic patient affected by periodontitis. A joint position paper of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (SIOT) and the Italian Society of Periodontology and Implantology (SIdP).

This joint report from the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (SIOT) and the Italian Society of Periodontology and Implantology (SIdP) aims for a consensus around the scientific rationale and clinical strategy for the management of osteoporotic patients affected by periodontitis who are undergoing anti-resorptive (AR) therapy to manage the risk of the occurrence of a medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ). Osteoporosis and periodontitis are chronic diseases with a high prevalence in aging patients, and they share some of the same pathogenetic mechanisms based upon i

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… For example, the amount of alendronate released from bone over the next several months or years after a 10-year treatment period with alendronate would be equivalent to taking one-quarter of the usual dose [ 64 ]. … Romosozumab or alendronate for fracture prevention in women with osteoporosis. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(15):1417–27. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1708322. 68. …

Guidelines for the management of osteoporosis and fragility fractures.

The purpose of this document, a result of the harmonisation and revision of Guidelines published separately by the SIMFER, SIOMMMS/SIR, and SIOT associations, is to provide practical indications based on specific levels of evidence and various grades of recommendations, drawn from available literature, for the management of osteoporosis and for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of fragility fractures. These indications were discussed and formally approved by the delegates of the Italian Scientific Associations involved in the project (SIE, SIGG, SIMFER, SIMG, SIMI, SIOMMMS, SIR, and SIO

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… The efficacy of alendronate and risedronate for the prevention of vertebral and non-vertebral fractures (including hip) is extensively documented. … Alendronate, risedronate, and zoledronate also have been registered for the treatment of male and corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis. …

Витамин К: Инфекция, воспаление и автоиммунитет.

Витамин К (VK) состоит из группы веществ с биоактивностью хлорофилла квинона и существует в природе в виде VK1 и VK2. Так как его первоначальное распознавание было основано на способности поощрять коагуляцию крови, он известен как витамин коагуляции. Однако, основываясь на обширных исследованиях, VK продемонстрировал потенциал в области профилактики и лечения различных заболеваний. В последние годы растет интерес к исследованиям, демонстрирующим благотворное воздействие ВК на иммунитет, способность к антиоксидантам, регулирование кишечника микробиота, развитие эпителии и защиту костей. В этой

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… vs 5 mg/d alendronate ↓ ucOC ↓ ucOC: cOC ↑BMD (femoral neck) Tsugawa et al 2008 Japan 100 379 W 63.0 y Prospective 3 y High VK1 vs low VK1 ↓ vertebral fracture risk Je et al 2011 Korea 101 78 PMW 67.8 y RCT 6 mo 45 mg/d MK-4 + vitD + Ca vs vitD + Ca ↓ ucOC ↑BMD (lumbar) Knapen et al 2013 Netherlands … vs 5 mg/d alendronate ↓ ucOC ↓ ucOC: cOC ↑BMD (femoral neck) Tsugawa et al 2008 Japan 100 379 W 63.0 y Prospective 3 y High VK1 vs low VK1 ↓ vertebral fracture risk Je et al 2011 Korea 101 78 PMW 67.8 y RCT 6 mo 45 mg/d MK-4 + vitD + Ca vs vitD + Ca ↓ ucOC ↑BMD (lumbar) Knapen et al 2013 Netherlands …

Soluble Biomarkers of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis, from Pathway Mapping to Clinical Trials: An Update.

Serum biomarkers of osteoarticular diseases have been in the limelight of current clinical research trends. Laboratory validation of defined and candidate biomarkers for both osteoarthritis and osteoporosis is of key importance for future decisional algorithms in the diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis of these diseases. The current guidelines recommend the use of collagen degradation remnants, eg, CTX-I and CTX-II, in the complementary diagnosis of both osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Besides the collagen degradation markers, enzymes that regulate bone and articular metabolism are useful in

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… Clinical effects of 2 g/day strontium ranelate (SrR) vs 70 mg/week alendronate therapy were evaluated and compared by Rizzoli et al, 39 enrolling Caucasian PMOP women in a randomized 2-year-long trial. … This tendency was not characteristic for alendronate, as BALP levels remained under borderline throughout the testing period. …

Dental care for patients taking antiresorptive drugs: a literature review.

Antiresorptive drugs (ARDs), such as bisphosphonates or denosumab, that prevent bone resorption are widely used in patients with osteoporosis or with cancer that has metastasized to the bones. Although osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a well-documented complication of ARD use, the benefits ARDs outweigh the complication. Thus, research has focused on finding ways to prevent or reduce the risk of developing ONJ. Dentists, as part of a multi-professional team, have a critical role in preventing ONJ. However, many dentists tend to hesitate to provide dental care to patients with ONJ, or tend to

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… Among them, BPs are a representative ARD most commonly prescribed to treat osteoporosis since the initial launch of alendronates by Merck & Co. [ 6 ]. When orally administered, BPs are approved for the treatment of non-malignant bone disorders such as osteoporosis and osteopenia [ 7 8 ]. … However, amino-containing BPs such as alendronic acid have proinflammatory properties that can cause an acute-phase response, which could be associated with the initiation of ECR [ 88 89 90 ]. Recently, tooth resorption has been reported in 11 cases treated with Dmab [ 86 91 ]. …

Bisphosphonates or RANK-ligand-inhibitors for men with prostate cancer and bone metastases: a network meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Different bone-modifying agents like bisphosphonates and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL)-inhibitors … the quantitative analysis, of which six bisphosphonates (zoledronic acid, risedronate, pamidronate, alendronate, etidronate, or clodronate) were compared with each other, the RANKL-inhibitor denosumab, or no treatment/placebo. By conducting network meta-analysis we were able to compare all of these reported agents directly and/or indirectly within the network …

The incidence and relative risk of adverse events in patients treated with bisphosphonate therapy for breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Adjuvant bisphosphonates reduce the rate of breast cancer recurrence in the bone and improve breast cancer survival. However, the risk of adverse events associated with bisphosphonate therapy for breast cancer remains poorly defined. METHODS: A literature search was conducted using the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane and Web of Science libraries. Risk ratio (RR) was calculated to evaluate the adverse events of the meta-analytic results. Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) incidence was calculated using the random effect model (D+L pooled) for meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 47 studies com

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… Of these 47 studies, 2 evaluated alendronate, 3 clodronate, 2 ibandronate, 2 pamidronate, 2 risedronate, and 12 zoledronic, while 24 studies evaluated ONJ. Figure 1. Flowchart of selection of studies for inclusion in meta-regression. … Six bisphosphonates regimens were included: alendronate, clodronate, ibandronate, pamidronate, risedronate, and zoledronic. …

Medication for bone loss in female patients with anorexia nervosa: a systematic review and management algorithm.

PURPOSE: Anorexia Nervosa can have a major impact on bone health through low bone mass and bone loss. Considering the lack of consensual guidelines for the prevention and treatment of bone loss in this condition, a systematic review was performed to provide practical treatment guidance for clinicians. METHODS: We systematically searched Medline, Cochrane, Psychinfo, and the Web of Science for anorexia nervosa AND (osteopenia OR osteoporosis OR bone density OR bone loss) AND (prevention OR treatment OR medication OR therapeutic) in clinical studies from March 1st, 2017, to October 31st, 2024,

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… No change for osteocalcin, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and serum N-telopeptide levels | NA | I Golden [ 42 ] | Double-blind placebo-controlled RCT | oral alendronate 10 mg/day | 14 AN + alendronate vs . 15 AN + placebo | 16.9 | 12 months | Lumbar spine ( p < 0.05) and femoral neck ( p < 0.05). … Bisphosphonates One study investigated alendronate in adolescents with AN [ 42 ]. After adjusting for weight gain, alendronate given 10 mg/day orally significantly increased femoral neck BMD following 1 year of treatment ( p = 0.02). …

Bridging the Gap: Pregnancy-And Lactation-Associated Osteoporosis.

Early diagnosis of pregnancy- and lactation-associated osteoporosis (PLO) is mandatory for a good outcome. Standard care is not a matter of conventional guidelines, rather it requires an individualized strategy while true overall incidence and pathogeny remain open issues. This is a narrative review based on full-length English articles, published between January 2021 and March 2023 and accessed via PubMed (no traumatic fractures or secondary osteoporosis are included). Our case-sample-based analysis included 836 females with PLO (the largest cohort based on published cases so far) through 12

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… Therapy included 10 types of drugs ( n = 70 patients with available data) at equal rates (of 7%): DEN, TPT, ZOL, pamidronate, ibandronate, etidronate, alendronate, risendronate, calcitonin, cinacalcet [ 44 ]. … Transient alendronate administration to pregnant or lactating mothers prevents bone loss in mice without adverse effects on offspring. Bone. 2021;153:116133. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116133. 134. …

A review on gold nanoparticles as an innovative therapeutic cue in bone tissue engineering: Prospects and future clinical applications.

Bone damage is a complex orthopedic problem primarily caused by trauma, cancer, or bacterial infection of bone tissue. Clinical care management for bone damage remains a significant clinical challenge and there is a growing need for more advanced bone therapy options. Nanotechnology has been widely explored in the field of orthopedic therapy for the treatment of a severe bone disease. Among nanomaterials, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) along with other biomaterials are emerging as a new paradigm for treatment with excellent potential for bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine application

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… Alendronate-conjugated GNPs were synthesized by reacting alendronate solution with GNP solution at room temperature, inducing covalent boding of the amino groups in alendronate to the surface of the GNPs. … In cellular and animal models, alendronate-conjugated GNPs showed a superior effect against osteoporosis compared to alendronate only [ 30 , 133 , 147 ]. …

Potential Targeting Mechanisms for Bone-Directed Therapies.

Bone development is characterized by complex regulation mechanisms, including signal transduction and transcription factor-related pathways, glycobiological processes, cellular interactions, transportation mechanisms, and, importantly, chemical formation resulting from hydroxyapatite. Any abnormal regulation in the bone development processes causes skeletal system-related problems. To some extent, the avascularity of cartilage and bone makes drug delivery more challenging than that of soft tissues. Recent studies have implemented many novel bone-targeting approaches to overcome drawbacks. Howe

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… Modified nanoparticles with alendronate have been assessed for the treatment of OP regarding drug release behavior, cytotoxicity, and affinity to hydroxyapatite in vitro. … These negatively charged nanoparticles showed sustained release of alendronate, good cytocompatibility, and blood biocompatibility with low hemolysis ratios (<5%), as well as exhibited a strong binding ratio to hydroxyapatite compared to nanoparticles with no alendronate [ 167 ]. …

The bisphosphonate, zoledronic acid, induces apoptosis of breast cancer cells: evidence for synergy with paclitaxel.

Bisphosphonates are well established in the management of breast-cancer-induced bone disease. Recent studies have suggested that these compounds are effective in preventing the development of bone metastases. However, it is unclear whether this reflects an indirect effect via an inhibition of bone resorption or a direct anti-tumour effect. The breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with increasing concentrations of the bisphosphonate, zoledronic acid, for varying time periods, in the presence or absence of paclitaxel. The effects of zoledronic acid were determined by

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… Alendronate mechanism of action: geranylgeraniol, an intermediate in the mevalonate pathway, prevents inhibition of osteoclast formation, bone resorption, and kinase activation in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Jan 5;96(1):133–138. doi: 10.1073/pnas.96.1.133. Frith J. … Alendronate localization in rat bone and effects on osteoclast ultrastructure. J Clin Invest. 1991 Dec;88(6):2095–2105. doi: 10.1172/JCI115539. Shipman C. M., Croucher P. I., Russell R. G., Helfrich M. H., Rogers M. J. …

Bone targeted nano-drug and nano-delivery.

There are currently no targeted delivery systems to satisfactorily treat bone-related disorders. Many clinical drugs consisting of small organic molecules have a short circulation half-life and do not effectively reach the diseased tissue site. This coupled with repeatedly high dose usage that leads to severe side effects. With the advance in nanotechnology, drugs contained within a nano-delivery device or drugs aggregated into nanoparticles (nano-drugs) have shown promises in targeted drug delivery. The ability to design nanoparticles to target bone has attracted many researchers to develop n

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… The 2nd-generation BPs include pamidronate, alendronate, neridronate, olpadronate and ibandronate. … Moreover, the alendronate modification enhanced the bone accumulation of iron oxide nanoparticles, which scavenged the ROS in the target site. …

Beyond boundaries: unraveling innovative approaches to combat bone-metastatic cancers.

Evidence demonstrated that bones, liver, and lungs are the most common metastasis sites in some human malignancies, especially in prostate and breast cancers. Bone is the third most frequent target for spreading tumor cells among these organs and tissues. Patients with bone-metastatic cancers face a grim prognosis characterized by short median survival time. Current treatments have proven insufficient, as they can only inhibit metastasis or tumor progression within the bone tissues rather than providing a curative solution. Gaining a more profound comprehension of the interplay between tumor c

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… In this platform, alendronate has a high affinity to bone, and cinnamaldehyde is a potent ROS generator. Cinnamaldehyde also increases intracellular H 2 O 2 levels to reduce hypoxia ( 144 ). … They loaded the LM nanoparticles and an autophagy activator called Curcumin (Cur) into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), which was further functionalized with hyaluronic acid/alendronate (CLALN). …

In vitro synergistic cytoreductive effects of zoledronic acid and radiation on breast cancer cells.

IntroductionBisphosphonates are mostly used in the treatment of bone metastases. They have been shown to act synergistically with other chemotherapeutic agents. It is not known, however, whether similar synergistic effects exist with radiation on breast cancer cells.MethodsHuman MCF-7 breast cancer cells were treated with up to 100 microM zoledronic acid, were irradiated with up to 800 cGy or were exposed to combinations of both treatments to determine the antiproliferative effects of zoledronic acid and radiation.ResultsZoledronic acid and radiation caused a dose-dependent and time-dependent

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… In another study, combined treatment with alendronate and paclitaxel showed a greater effect on bone metastatic and nonbone metastatic development than treatment with each agent alone [ 17 ], while a synergistic effect on apoptosis was reported after coadministration of ibandronate or zoledronic acid … Alendronate localization in rat bone and effects on osteoclast ultrastructure J Clin Invest 1991 88 2095 2105 1661297 10.1172/JCI115539 PMC295810 Ural AU Yilmaz MI Avcu F Pekel A Zerman M Nevruz O Sengul A Yalcin A The bisphosphonate zoledronic acid induces cytotoxicity in human myeloma cell lines with …