Результаты поиска

Arsenic trioxide and triptolide synergistically induce apoptosis in the SKM‑1 human myelodysplastic syndrome cell line.

Although certain combination therapies comprising arsenic trioxide (As2O3) with other agents exist for the treatment of several types of human cancer, few As2O3 combination therapies are clinically effective for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Triptolide (TL) may be an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of MDS. However, to date, there is no combination therapy for MDS with As2O3 and TL. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate this combination therapy on the apoptosis of MDS SKM‑1 cells. The MDS SKM‑1 cells were treated with As2O3, TL or the two in combination at

Linking Iron Metabolism, Ferroptosis, and Cancer: New Targets and Prospects for Effective Anticancer Therapeutic Interventions.

New anticancer therapeutic strategies, including targeting of iron dysregulation in affected cancer types and stages, are urgently needed to decrease the associated annual cancer death rate of about 10 million worldwide. Many tumours evade treatment and support metastatic potential by effluxing iron and upregulating antioxidant systems, leading to suppression of lipid peroxidation and ferroptotic cell death. Similarly, many tumours manipulate the tumour microenvironment (TME) by ensuring the continuous supply of iron. This involves phenotypic modulation of immune cells, including macrophages,

CD200 является мощным новым фактором роста в Мультимиломе, зависящим от сигнала рецептора IGF1.

CD200 — это иммунный контрольно-пропускной пункт, безошибочно выраженный в 70% недавно диагностированных пациентов с множественной миеломой (ММ) и связанный с плохим исходом. Выражение CD200 клетками опухоли препятствует иммунной реакции через взаимодействие с CD200R и участвует в устойчивости к иммунной терапии. Однако его роль в опухоли остается слабой. В этом исследовании мы показываем, что клетки MM, перевыражающие CD200, представляют собой значительное пролиферативное преимущество в свободных культурных сыворотках, средних и клоногенных анализах. Преимущество роста клеток, опосредованное

Clinical and Therapeutic Implications of Epstein-Barr Virus in HIV-Related Lymphomas.

The incidence of lymphomas is increased in people living with HIV (PLWH). Aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) are the most common and are considered an AIDS-defining cancer (ADC). Although Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is not considered an ADC, its incidence is also increased in PLWH. Among all HIV-related lymphomas (HRL), the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is high. It has been shown that EBV is involved in different lymphomagenic mechanisms mediated by some of its proteins, contributing to the development of different lymphoma subtypes. Additionally, cooperation between both HIV an

Highlights from the 58th meeting of the American Society of Haematology, 1-6 December 2016, San Diego, USA.

The recent 58th Annual American Society of Haematology (ASH) meeting held in San Diego shed light on the usual mixture of groundbreaking basic and translational science and the recent practice-changing clinical trials. Recurrent themes this year were the use of recent next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques to perfect prognostic stratification and disease monitoring. Newer prospects on the role of metabolism in normal and malignant haemopoiesis and mature data on long-awaited trials on immunotherapy and CAR-T cells in lymphoid neoplasms were also discussed.

Heterogeneous tissue-specific macrophages orchestrate metastatic organotropism of breast cancer: implications for promising therapeutics.

Compelling evidences have manifested that breast cancer cells prefer to metastasize to certain distant organs, including brain, lung, bone and liver. According to the canonical "seed and soil" theory, this prominent biological behavior, termed as metastatic organotropism, involves intricate interactions between breast cancer cells (the "seeds") and specific residents in the tumor microenvironment (the "soil"), initiating from pre-metastatic niche formation to metastatic outgrowth. Recently, multifaceted heterogeneity of tissue-specific macrophages (TSMs) and their roles played in organotropic

Nuclear Export in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and Implications for Targeted XPO1 Inhibitors.

Exportin-1 (XPO1) is a key player in the nuclear export pathway and is overexpressed in almost all cancers. This is especially relevant for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), where high XPO1 expression is associated with poor prognosis due to its oncogenic role in exporting proteins and RNA that are involved in cancer progression and treatment resistance. Here, we discuss the proteins and RNA transcripts that have been identified as XPO1 cargo in NHL lymphoma including tumour suppressors, immune modulators, and transcription factors, and their implications for oncogenesis. We then highlight the resea

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Dicer cleaves 5′-extended microRNA precursors originating from RNA polymerase II transcription start sites. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018;46:5737–5752. doi: 10.1093/nar/gky306. 33. Okamura M., Inose H., Masuda S. RNA Export through the NPC in Eukaryotes. …

Updates in Anthracycline-Mediated Cardiotoxicity.

Cardiotoxicity is one of the main adverse effects of chemotheraphy, affecting the completion of cancer therapies and the short- and long-term quality of life. Anthracyclines are currently used to treat many cancers, including the various forms of leukemia, lymphoma, melanoma, uterine, breast, and gastric cancers. World Health Organization registered anthracyclines in the list of essential medicines. However, anthracyclines display a major cardiotoxicity that can ultimately culminate in congestive heart failure. Taking into account the growing rate of cancer survivorship, the clinical significa

The 20th Anniversary of Pegaptanib (MacugenTM), the First Approved Aptamer Medicine: History, Recent Advances and Future Prospects of Aptamers in Therapy.

In addition to classic small-molecule drugs and modern protein-based biologics, an intriguing class of medicines is the therapeutic oligonucleotides. Most approved drugs in this category are antisense oligomers or those acting via RNA interference, both of which use base hybridization. Aptamers, also known as chemical antibodies form a smaller, yet equally interesting group of oligonucleotides that can recognize a wide range of molecular targets. Despite their high potential, only two aptamers have been approved to date, pegaptanib (MacugenTM) and avacincaptad pegol (IzervayTM), both for the t

Targeted drug approvals in 2023: breakthroughs by the FDA and NMPA.

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Circulating biomarkers in osteosarcoma: new translational tools for diagnosis and treatment.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare primary malignant bone tumour arising from primitive bone-forming mesenchymal cells, with high incidence in children and young adults, accounting for approximately 60% of all malignant bone tumours. Currently, long-term disease-free survival can be achieved by surgical treatment plus chemotherapy in approximately 60% of patients with localized extremity disease, and in 20-30% of patients with metastatic lung or bone disease. Diagnosis of primary lesions and recurrences is achieved by using radiological investigations and standard tissue biopsy, the latter being cost

HERV-W Env вызывает нейронный пироптоз с помощью NLRP3-CASP1-GSDMD Pathway в недавней Шизофрении.

HERVs (человеческие эндогенные ретровирусы) являются остатками древних внешних ретровирусов, которые интегрировались в геном человека, особенно в микробных клетках. Среди них белковый ген HERV-Wenv (Human Internal revoiruses W семейный белок), расположенный на хромосоме 7 и выраженный главным образом в плаценте человека, тесно связан с различными нейропсихиатрическими расстройствами, включая шизофрению, а также аутоиммунные заболевания и рак. Недавние исследования выявили аномальное выражение цитокина в качестве ключевого фактора в патофизиологии шизофрении. В частности, повышенные уровни сыво

Ирисин сдерживает нейроинфламму в мышечном экспериментальном аутоиммунном энцефаломиэлите, регулируя микроглию активации.

ВСТУПЛЕНИЕ: Множественный склероз представляет собой хроническое аутоиммунное демиелионирующее расстройство, в основном затрагивающее белую материю центральной нервной системы, с экспериментальным аутоиммунным энцефаломиелитом (EAE), который служит классической моделью животных. Irisin — гликозилированный белок, полученный из протеолитического декольте фибронектина типа III, содержащего домен 5, играет важную роль в регулировании метаболизма и воспалительной модуляции в организме.МЕТОДЫ: В рамках этого исследования мы систематически изучали терапевтические последствия и основополагающий механи

Delivery of miR-34a by chitosan/PLGA nanoplexes for the anticancer treatment of multiple myeloma.

The encapsulation of miR-34a into chitosan/PLGA nanoparticles in order to obtain nanoplexes useful for the modulation of the biopharmaceutical features of the active compound was studied. The nanoplexes were obtained through nanoprecipitation and were characterized by a mean diameter of ~160 nm, a good size distribution and a positive surface charge. The structure of the nanoparticles allowed a high level of entrapment efficiency of the miR-34a and provided protection of the genetic material from the effects of RNase. A high degree of transfection efficiency of the nanoplexes and a significant

A genetic variant in the IL-17 promoter is functionally associated with acute graft-versus-host disease after unrelated bone marrow transplantation.

Interleukin IL-17 is a proinflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs2275913, in the promoter region of the IL-17 gene is associated with susceptibility to ulcerative colitis. When we examined the impact of rs2275913 in a cohort consisting of 438 pairs of patients and their unrelated donors transplanted through the Japan Marrow Donor Program, the donor IL-17 197A allele was found to be associated with a higher risk of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD; hazard ratio [HR], 1.46; 95% confidence

Breaking Therapy Resistance: An Update on Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus for Improvements of Cancer Therapy.

Resistance to therapy is a major obstacle to cancer treatment. It may exist from the beginning, or it may develop during therapy. The review focusses on oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) as a biological agent with potential to break therapy resistance. This avian virus combines, upon inoculation into non-permissive hosts such as human, 12 described anti-neoplastic effects with 11 described immune stimulatory properties. Fifty years of clinical application of NDV give witness to the high safety profile of this biological agent. In 2015, an important milestone was achieved, namely the succ

Gene editing and CRISPR in the clinic: current and future perspectives.

Genome editing technologies, particularly those based on zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat DNA sequences)/Cas9 are rapidly progressing into clinical trials. Most clinical use of CRISPR to date has focused on ex vivo gene editing of cells followed by their re-introduction back into the patient. The ex vivo editing approach is highly effective for many disease states, including cancers and sickle cell disease, but ideally genome editing would also be applied to diseases whic

Clinical activity of 9-ING-41, a small molecule selective glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) inhibitor, in refractory adult T-Cell leukemia/lymphoma.

GSK-3β is a serine/threonine kinase implicated in tumorigenesis and chemotherapy resistance. GSK-3β blockade downregulates the NF-κB pathway, modulates immune cell PD-1 and tumor cell PD-L1 expression, and increases CD8 + T cell and NK cell function. We report a case of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) treated with 9-ING-41, a selective GSK-3β inhibitor in clinical development, who achieved a durable response. A 43-year-old male developed diffuse lymphadenopathy, and biopsy of axillary lymph node showed acute-type ATLL. Peripheral blood flow cytometry revealed a circulating clonal T cell

Keyword Index for Volume 93

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Therapeutic Targeting of DNA Damage Repair in the Era of Precision Oncology and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Cancer manifestation is a multistep process involving accumulation of various genetic and epigenetic changes that results in oncogenic "hallmarks of cancer" processes including genomic instability. Exploitation of aberrant DNA-damage response (DDR) mechanisms in cancer is in part a goal of many therapeutic strategies, and recent evidence supports the role of targeting DDR in modulating the tumor immune microenvironment to enhance immunotherapeutic response. Improved cancer profiling, including next-generation and whole-genome mutational sequencing of tumor tissue, as well as circulating nuclei