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Duplex, extraction-free, HiFi-LAMP assay for point-of-care detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) are common sexually transmitted pathogens. Although frequently asymptomatic, they can cause severe reproductive complications (e.g., epididymitis, salpingitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and infertility) if untreated. We developed a duplex high-fidelity loop-mediated isothermal amplification (HiFi-LAMP) assay for simultaneous detection of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae. The assay demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, with limits of detection (LODs) of 358 and 30 copies per 25 μL reaction for C. trac…

Evolutionary dynamics in the genome of ocular Chlamydia trachomatis strains from Northern Tanzania following mass drug administration.

Trachoma, caused by Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct), remains a leading cause of preventable infection-induced blindness worldwide. We conducted a 4-year longitudinal study in three trachoma-endemic villages in Northern Tanzania, tracking infection dynamics and factors influencing trachomatous scarring progression and persistence pre- and post-mass drug administration (MDA) interventions. We analysed 118 whole genomes of Ct originating from ocular swabs of children. Sample collection was conducted at 3-month intervals over 4 years, encompassing 15 timepoints. We studied Ct phylogeny and patterns of …

Diagnostic-avoiding Chlamydia trachomatis variants detected in cervical and endometrial specimens from women during 16S microbiome profiling.

BACKGROUND: Performance of a 16S rRNA analysis of the cervicovaginal microbiome of 220 participants recruited into the T Cell Response against Chlamydia (TRAC) cohort between February 2011 and August 2014 in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania USA detected DNA encoding chlamydial 16S rRNA in samples from seven participants whose tests were negative for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and DNA encoding gonococcal 16S rRNA from five participants whose tests were negative for Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infection with the Aptima Combo 2 assay (Hologic). METHODS: We used targeted PCR amplification followed b…

Changes in Chlamydia trachomatis risk before and after union formation and separation among women of reproductive age.

BACKGROUND: Not having an established relationship is associated with an elevated risk of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection, but this might reflect selection into and out of unions. Although union formation and union separation are common events in reproductive age, little is known about changes in CT risk before and after these transitions. METHODS: We linked Finnish Population Register data to the National Register of Infectious Diseases and used fixed-effects linear probability models that account for all time-invariant confounders to examine changes in women's 6-month CT risk 3 years b…

Связь между бактериальным вагинозом, хламидиозной инфекцией трахоматиса и фактором бесплодия в трубах в Букаву, Демократическая Республика Конго.

КОЛИЧЕСТВО: В странах Африки, расположенных к югу от Сахары, широко распространен фактор бесплодия тубля (ТФЗ) и часто является вторичным по отношению к воспалительным заболеваниям таза (ПИД). Анаэробы, связанные с бактериальным вагинозом (ВВ), также встречаются в PID, в которых доминируют хламидийные трахомати (C. trachomatis), роль которых в TFI лучше продемонстрирована, чем роль BV. ЦЕЛИ: Определение распространенности BV и C. trachomatis и изучение связи между BV, C. trachomatis и TFI. В период с января 2020 года по ноябрь 2021 года мы включили 137 пациентов, прошедших лечение от бесплодия

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Tubal factor infertility (TFI) is common in sub-Saharan Africa and often secondary to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Anaerobes associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) are also found in PIDs widely dominated by Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis), whose role in TFI is better demonstrated than that of BV. OBJECTIVES: To determine the preva…

Diagnostic-avoiding Chlamydia trachomatis variants detected in cervical and endometrial specimens from women during 16S microbiome profiling.

BACKGROUND: Performance of a 16S rRNA analysis of the cervicovaginal microbiome of 220 participants recruited into the T Cell Response against Chlamydia (TRAC) cohort between February 2011 and August 2014 in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania USA detected DNA encoding chlamydial 16S rRNA in samples from seven participants whose tests were negative for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and DNA encoding gonococcal 16S rRNA from five participants whose tests were negative for Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infection with the Aptima Combo2 assay (Hologic). METHODS: We used targeted PCR amplification followed by…

Association Between Chlamydia trachomatis and Helicobacter pylori with Inflammation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: Chronic low-grade inflammation occurs in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and there are many contributing factors. In this study, we aimed to investigate Helicobacter pylori and Chlamydia trachomatis infections in patients with PCOS and to evaluate the association between these microorganisms and the inflammatory process in the etiology of the disease. Materials and Methods: This comparative cross-sectional clinical study was conducted at Balıkesir University Hospital and included 40 female patients diagnosed with PCOS in the gynecology outpatients clinic and 40 healthy female cont…

Unravelling Chlamydia trachomatis diversity in Amhara, Ethiopia: MLVA-ompA sequencing as a molecular typing tool for trachoma.

Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide and is now largely confined to around 40 low- and middle-income countries. It is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct), a contagious intracellular bacterium. The World Health Organization recommends mass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin for treatment and control of ocular Ct infections, alongside improving facial cleanliness and environmental conditions to reduce transmission. To understand the molecular epidemiology of trachoma, especially in the context of MDA and transmission dynamics, the identification of Ct genotyp…

Chlamydia trachomatis plasmid-encoding Pgp3 protein induces secretion of distinct inflammatory signatures from HeLa cervical epithelial cells.

BACKGROUND: Genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection is the most common bacterial sexual transmitted disease that causes severe complications including pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, and infertility in females. The Pgp3 protein encoded by C. trachomatis plasmid has been speculated to be an important player in chlamydial pathogenesis. However, the precise function of this protein is unknown and thus remains to be thoroughly investigated. METHODS: In this study, we synthesized Pgp3 protein for in vitro stimulation in the Hela cervical carcinoma cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: We…

The Chlamydia trachomatis type III-secreted effector protein CteG induces centrosome amplification through interactions with centrin-2.

The centrosome is the main microtubule organizing center of the cell and is crucial for mitotic spindle assembly, chromosome segregation, and cell division. Centrosome duplication is tightly controlled, yet several pathogens, most notably oncogenic viruses, perturb this process leading to increased centrosome numbers. Infection by the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis (C.t.) correlates with blocked cytokinesis, supernumerary centrosomes, and multipolar spindles; however, the mechanisms behind how C.t. induces these cellular abnormalities remain largely unknown. Here we sho…

Prevalence of Ocular Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in Amhara Region, Ethiopia, after 8 Years of Trachoma Control Interventions.

Although trachoma mass drug administration (MDA) programs target ocular Chlamydia trachomatis, the global trachoma control program does not monitor infection as a measure of impact but instead relies on monitoring clinical indicators. This study aimed to monitor the prevalence of ocular C. trachomatis among a population-based sample of children ages 1-5 years throughout Amhara, Ethiopia, a region that has received approximately 8 years of annual MDA as part of trachoma control. Between 2014 and 2021, trachoma impact surveys and surveillance surveys were conducted in all 156 districts of Amhara…

Prospective screening for sexually transmitted infections among US service members with Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection.

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) are the most common bacterial causes of sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the United States (US). The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of reinfection during a six-month study period and to evaluate the retesting interval for those infected with CT or NG. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, six-month follow-up study among US military personnel with new onset, laboratory-confirmed CT or NG, recruited from an STI clinic at a large military base from January 2018 to January 2020. Each participant was …

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection and associated factors among asymptomatic pregnant women in Botswana.

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) are curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) that cause adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Most countries, including Botswana, do not offer C. trachomatis or N. gonorrhoeae screening during antenatal care (ANC) and instead use a syndromic approach for management of STIs. METHODS: The Maduo Study is a prospective, cluster-controlled trial in Botswana evaluating the impact of diagnostic screening for antenatal C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infections to prevent adverse neonatal outcomes…

Vaginal Swab vs Urine for Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis: A Meta-Analysis.

PURPOSE: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) are the 2 most frequently reported notifiable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the United States, and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), although not a notifiable disease, is the most common curable non-viral STI worldwide. Women bear a disproportionate burden of these infections and testing is necessary to identify infections. Although vaginal swabs are the recommended sample type, the specimen most often used among women is urine. The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess the diagnostic sensitivity of commercially a…

Chronic epididymitis due to Chlamydia trachomatis LGV-L2 in an HIV-negative heterosexual patient: a case report.

Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen and the leading bacterial cause of sexually transmitted infections worldwide. Chlamydia trachomatis genovars L1-L3 are responsible for lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV), an invasive sexually transmitted disease endemic in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, South America, the Caribbean, India and South East Asia. The typical signs and symptoms of C. trachomatis LGV urogenital infections in men include herpetiform ulcers, inguinal buboes, and/or lymphadenopathies. Since 2003, endemic cases of proctitis and proctocolitis caused by …

A Novel Cleavage Pattern of Complement C5 Induced by Chlamydia trachomatis Infection via the Chlamydial Protease CPAF.

Urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection is one of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted diseases globally. Untreated C. trachomatis infections can ascend to the upper genital tract and establish a series of severe complications. Previous studies using C3-/- and C5-/- mice models demonstrated that C3-independent activation of C5 occurred during C. trachomatis infection. However, the mechanism of how chlamydial infection activates C5 in the absence of C3 has yet to be elucidated. To delineate interactions between C5 and chlamydial infection, cleavage products in a co-incubation syste…

Heterologous prime-boost vaccination based on Polymorphic protein D protects against intravaginal Chlamydia trachomatis infection in mice.

The control of the worldwide spread of sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection urgently demands the development of a preventive vaccine. In this work, we designed a vaccine based on a fragment of polymorphic protein D (FPmpD) that proved to be immunogenic enough to generate a robust systemic and mucosal IgG humoral immune response in two strains of mice. We used a heterologous prime-boost strategy, including simultaneous systemic and mucosal administration routes. The high titers of anti-PmpD antibodies elicited by this immunization scheme did not affect murine fertility. We …

Correction: Detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections in pregnant women by multiplex recombinase polymerase amplification.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251119.].

Neisseria gonorrhoeae Limits Chlamydia trachomatis Inclusion Development and Infectivity in a Novel In Vitro Co-Infection Model.

Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) are the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide. The primary site of infection for both bacteria is the epithelium of the endocervix in women and the urethra in men; both can also infect the rectum, pharynx and conjunctiva. Ct/Ng co-infections are more common than expected by chance, suggesting Ct/Ng interactions increase susceptibility and/or transmissibility. To date, studies have largely focused on each pathogen individually and models exploring co-infection are limited. We aimed to determine if Ng co-i…

A Dynamic, Ring-Forming Bactofilin Critical for Maintaining Cell Size in the Obligate Intracellular Bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis.

Bactofilins are polymer-forming cytoskeletal proteins that are widely conserved in bacteria. Members of this protein family have diverse functional roles such as orienting subcellular molecular processes, establishing cell polarity, and aiding in cell shape maintenance. Using sequence alignment to the conserved bactofilin domain, we identified a bactofilin ortholog, BacACT, in the obligate intracellular pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis. Chlamydia species are obligate intracellular bacteria that undergo a developmental cycle alternating between infectious nondividing elementary bodies (EBs) and n…