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Chronotherapy in Hematological Malignancies: Evaluating the Rationale and Evidence.

Hematological malignancies remain one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality despite advances in targeted therapies, immunotherapy, and stem cell transplantation. Emerging evidence indicates that treatment efficacy and toxicity depend not only on the choice of therapy but also on its timing relative to the patient's internal circadian rhythm. The circadian clock orchestrates fundamental processes in hematopoiesis and immunity, such as stem-cell proliferation, leukocyte trafficking, DNA repair, and drug metabolism, while its disruption promotes malignant transformation, therapeutic re

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… Conversely, nocturnal dosing of oxaliplatin and irinotecan, agents metabolized by rhythmic hepatic carboxylesterases and cytidine deaminase, can minimize toxicity while maintaining efficacy [ 57 , 58 ]. … ‐M., Filipski E., et al., “Circadian Optimisation of Irinotecan and Oxaliplatin Efficacy in Mice With Glasgow Osteosarcoma,” British Journal of Cancer 86, no. 6 (2002): 999–1005, 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600168. 59. Lévi F., Okyar A., Dulong S., Innominato P. …

Navigating Stomatologic Complications Secondary to Antineoplastic Agents-A Comprehensive Review.

This review systematically examines the oral complications associated with conventional and novel anti-cancer therapies. It highlights that while molecularly targeted agents including monoclonal antibodies targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor, the epidermal growth factor receptor, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and immune checkpoint inhibitors tend to exhibit a lower overall toxicity profile compared to traditional cytotoxic chemotherapeutics, they are nonetheless linked to significant oral adverse events. These complications encompass inflammatory mucosal reactions k

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… Fusion Proteins/Decoy Receptors In a 2016 article, Ponzetti et al. discuss a case of jaw osteonecrosis in a 64-year-old female patient undergoing treatment with aflibercept combined with irinotecan and fluorouracil for metastatic colorectal cancer. … Jaw osteonecrosis associated with aflibercept, irinotecan and fluorouracil: Attention to Oral District Tumori 2016 102 S74 S77 10.5301/tj.5000405 26350200 59. Zarringhalam P. Brizman E. Shakib K. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with aflibercept Br. J. Oral Maxillofac. …

Pectin: A Bioactive Food Polysaccharide with Cancer Preventive Potential.

Pectin is an acidic heteropolysaccharide found in the cell walls and the primary and middle lamella of land plants. To be authorized as a food additive, industrial pectins must meet strict guidelines set forth by the Food and Agricultural Organization and must contain at least 65% polygalacturonic acid to achieve the E440 level. Fruit pectin derived from oranges or apples is commonly used in the food industry to gel or thicken foods and to stabilize acid-based milk beverages. It is a naturally occurring component and can be ingested by dietary consumption of fruit and vegetables. Preventing lo

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… cell lines, primary tumor growth and suppressed tumor metastases | [ 80 ] Apple pectin | (0.05–0.5 mg/mL with or without 5 nM SN-38) | In vitro (human colon cancer cell lines) | ↓ Viability of HCT 116 and Caco-2 inducing apoptosis, ↑ Intracellular ROS production, ↑ Cytotoxic and proapoptotic effect of irinotecan … Newly obtained apple pectin as an adjunct to irinotecan therapy of colorectal cancer reducing e. Coli adherence and β-glucuronidase activity Cancers 2021 13 2952 10.3390/cancers13122952 34204704 PMC8231545 82. Ferreira-Lazarte A. Fernández J. Gallego-Lobillo P. Villar C.J. Lombó F. Moreno F.J. …

Current Trends and Challenges in the Clinical Translation of Nanoparticulate Nanomedicines: Pathways for Translational Development and Commercialization.

The use of nanotechnology in medicine has the potential to have a major impact on human health for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. One particular aspect of the nanomedicine field which has received a great deal of attention is the design and development of nanoparticulate nanomedicines (NNMs) for drug delivery (i.e., drug-containing nanoparticles). NNMs are intended to deliver drugs via various mechanisms: solubilization, passive targeting, active targeting, and triggered release. The NNM approach aims to increase therapeutic efficacy, decrease the therapeutically effecti

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… DaunoXome | Daunorubicin | HIV-related Kaposi's Sarcoma | Myocet | Doxorubicin | Metastatic breast cancer | Abelcet | Amphotericin B | Fungal infections | Lipo-Dox | Doxorubicin | HIV-related Kaposi's Sarcoma, ovarian cancer, multiple myeloma | Marqibo (Onco-TCS) | Vincristine | Adult AML | Onivyde | Irinotecan … cancer | Phase I/II completed | 2B3-101 | Doxorubicin | Advanced solid tumors, brain metastases, lung and breast cancers, melanoma, malignant glioma | Phase I/II completed | MTL-CEBPA | saRNA | Liver cancer | Phase I | TLI | Topotecan | SCLC, ovarian cancer, solid tumors | Phase I | MM-398 Onivyde | Irinotecan …

Parasites revive hope for cancer therapy.

Parasites have attained a life-long stigma of being detrimental organisms with deleterious outcomes. Yet, recently, a creditable twist was verified that can dramatically change our perception of those parasites from being a source of misery to millions of people to a useful anti-cancerous tool. Various parasites have shown promise to combat cancer in different experimental models, including colorectal, lung, and breast cancers, among others. Helminths and protozoan parasites, as well as their derivatives such as Echinococcus granulosus protein KI-1, Toxoplasma gondii GRA15II, and Trypanosoma c

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… In vivo Reduced tumor size in a xenograft mouse model of non-small-cell lung carcinoma with synergistic promotion of the anti-cancer effects of Irinotecan [ 176 ] Attenuated RH-ΔGRA17 T. gondii strain in combination with programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1) blockade In vivo Combination therapy reduced tumor … | In vivo | Reduced tumor size in a xenograft mouse model of non-small-cell lung carcinoma with synergistic promotion of the anti-cancer effects of Irinotecan | [ 176 ] Attenuated RH-ΔGRA17 T. gondii strain in combination with programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1) blockade | In vivo | Combination therapy …

Efficacy and safety of antibody-drug conjugates in HER2-positive and HER2-low advanced gastric cancer: a systematic review and update.

PURPOSE: Gastric cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy of the digestive tract in China. Conventional chemotherapeutic drugs and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‑targeted agents such as trastuzumab remain limited by significant challenges in the treatment of GC, including high rates of drug resistance, significant toxicity and adverse effects, and suboptimal tolerability. The advent of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) has marked a paradigm shift in the therapeutic landscape. This review systematically summarises the structural design, mechanisms of action, and current clinical a

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… The effective payload potency of this drug is ten times greater than that of the active metabolite of the topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan [ 7 ]. … Among the 187 treated patients, 125 received T-DXd (6.4 mg/kg every 3 weeks) and 62 received chemotherapy, of whom 55 received irinotecan and 7 received paclitaxel. …

YKL-40-A Protein in the Field of Translational Medicine: A Role as a Biomarker in Cancer Patients?

YKL-40 is a 40 kDa glycoprotein produced by cancer cells, inflammatory cells and stem cells. It probably has a role in cell proliferation and differentiation, inflammation, protection against apoptosis, stimulation of angiogenesis, and regulation of extracellular tissue remodelling. Plasma levels of YKL-40 are often elevated in patients with localized or advanced cancer compared to age-matched healthy subjects. Several studies have demonstrated that high plasma YKL-40 is an independent prognostic biomarker of short survival in patients with different types of cancer. However, there is not yet

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… Recently, we have found that high plasma YKL-40 in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer before 3. line treatment with cetuximab and irinotecan was associated with short progression free survival and short overall survival, independent of KRAS status [ 54 ]. 4.1.6. … During treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer with 3. line cetuximab and irinotecan plasma YKL-40 as well as the ratio of updated YKL-40 levels compared to pre-treatment levels were associated with progression free survival and overall survival, and high YKL-40 values indicated poor …

Renal Involvement in Cancer Patients Undergoing Oncology Therapies: Implications for Personalized Treatment Strategies.

Introduction: Oncological therapies have significantly improved patient outcomes but are increasingly associated with renal toxicity, which can markedly influence therapeutic decisions. Integrating early identification of kidney injury into clinical workflows is essential for personalized medicine, allowing treatment tailoring based on individual risk profiles. Aim: To evaluate the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney Disease (CKD); assess indices of renal function recovery in patients who developed AKI; and investigate the incidence of renal immune-related adverse events

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… Modern oncological treatment includes a broad range of therapeutic strategies such as conventional chemotherapy (e.g., irinotecan, capecitabine, oxaliplatin, gefitinib, erlotinib, gemcitabine, cisplatin, paclitaxel, carboplatin, docetaxel, vinorelbine, topotecan, etoposide); targeted therapies aimed …

Early access provision: Awareness, educational needs and opportunities to improve oncology patients' access to care.

BackgroundAn unmet medical need exists for many oncology patients who cannot be treated satisfactorily by available therapeutic options. Early access provision (EAP) is endorsed by competent authorities to improve patient access to innovative medicinal products (InMPs). This paper determined awareness and understanding among practicing physicians of integrated EAP protocols, and of the procedures involved in EAP applications for oncology trials prior to marketing authorization.MethodsAn on-line, fully anonymous survey reaching out to more than 3,258 physicians (including practicing oncologists

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… Compassionate use programme of irinotecan in colorectal cancer patients in the Netherlands. Neth J Med (2003) 61(7):249–56. 28. US Food and Drug Administration . FDA Approves new treatment for certain digestive tract cancers (2018). …

New prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic effect of bevacizumab for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.

BackgroundSeveral biomarkers have emerged as potential prognostic and predictive markers for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Successful inhibition of angiogenesis with the antivascular endothelial growth factor antibody, bevacizumab, has improved the efficacy seen with standard cytotoxic therapy of NSCLC. However, despite such enhanced treatment strategies, the prognosis for patients with advanced NSCLC remains poor.Patients and methodsWe assessed potential biomarkers in 161 NSCLC patients and 42 control patients. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods were used to evaluate three biomar

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… The standard chemotherapy treatment included combination of the following drugs: carboplatin, pemetrexed, docetaxel, paclitaxel, gemcitabine, vinorelbine, cisplatin, etoposide, irinotecan, TS-1, and TKIs. …

Mathematical modeling in cancer nanomedicine: a review.

Cancer continues to be among the leading healthcare problems worldwide, and efforts continue not just to find better drugs, but also better drug delivery methods. The need for delivering cytotoxic agents selectively to cancerous cells, for improved safety and efficacy, has triggered the application of nanotechnology in medicine. This effort has provided drug delivery systems that can potentially revolutionize cancer treatment. Nanocarriers, due to their capacity for targeted drug delivery, can shift the balance of cytotoxicity from healthy to cancerous cells. The field of cancer nanomedicine h

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… Kaposi’s sarcoma Multiple Myeloma Ovarian cancer | 87.3 ± 8.5 | 50–60 | (Gabizon et al. 1993 ; Gabizon 2001 ; Gabizon et al. 2003 ; Gabizon et al. 2006 ; Soundararajan et al. 2009 ) Liposome | Myocet®/Teva UK | Metastatic breast cancer | 150–250 | 2–3 | (Immordino et al. 2006 ; Bulbake et al. 2017 ) Irinotecan … Development of a highly active nanoliposomal irinotecan using a novel intraliposomal stabilization strategy. Cancer Res. 2006;66:3271–3277. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-4007. Fenske DB, Cullis PR. Liposomal nanomedicines. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2008;5:25–44. doi: 10.1517/17425247.5.1.25. …

Metronomic chemotherapy.

Toxic effects and chemoresistance are major hurdles in chemotherapy and to avoid these problems caused by traditional chemotherapeutic regimens, a new modality of drug administration called "metronomic chemotherapy" has emerged. Such regimen involves the frequent administration of conventional chemotherapeutic agents at very low doses to target activated endothelial cells in tumors, the advantages of which include minimal adverse effects and a rare chance of developing acquired drug resistance. Previously it was thought that they act by targeting angiogenesis, but recently additional mechanism

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… REFERENCES 1 Folkman J Tumor angiogenesis: Therapeutic implications N Engl J Med 1971 285 1182 6 4938153 10.1056/NEJM197111182852108 2 Hurwitz H Fehrenbacher L Novotny W Cartwright T Hainsworth J Heim W Bevacizumab plus irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin for metastatic colorectal cancer N Engl …

What is the Reason That the Pharmacological Future of Chemotherapeutics in the Treatment of Lung Cancer Could Be Most Closely Related to Nanostructures? Platinum Drugs in Therapy of Non-Small and Small Cell Lung Cancer and Their Unexpected, Possible Interactions. The Review.

Over the course of several decades, anticancer treatment with chemotherapy drugs for lung cancer has not changed significantly. Unfortunately, this treatment prolongs the patient's life only by a few months, causing many side effects in the human body. It has also been proven that drugs such as Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Oxaliplatin and others can react with other substances containing an aromatic ring in which the nitrogen atom has a free electron group in its structure. Thus, such structures may have a competitive effect on the nucleobases of DNA. Therefore, scientists are looking not only for

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… Extensive-stage SCLC In clinical phase II Intravenous infusion ONIVYDE Liposome Irinotecan SCLC In clinical phase III Intravenous infusion OSI-211 Liposomal Lurtotecan SCLC In clinical phase II Intravenous infusion Genexol-PM Polymeric Micelle Paclitaxel NSCLC Approval in Europe 2013, Korea 2007 Intravenous … | Extensive-stage SCLC | In clinical phase II | Intravenous infusion ONIVYDE | Liposome Irinotecan | SCLC | In clinical phase III | Intravenous infusion OSI-211 | Liposomal Lurtotecan | SCLC | In clinical phase II | Intravenous infusion Genexol-PM | Polymeric Micelle Paclitaxel | NSCLC | Approval in …

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Therapeutic Potential in Cancer: Mechanism of Action and Clinical Implications.

Cellular signaling pathways involved in the maintenance of the equilibrium between cell proliferation and apoptosis have emerged as rational targets that can be exploited in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant phenolic compound found in green tea. It has been shown to regulate multiple crucial cellular signaling pathways, including those mediated by EGFR, JAK-STAT, MAPKs, NF-κB, PI3K-AKT-mTOR, and others. Deregulation of the abovementioned pathways is involved in the pathophysiology of cancer. It has been demonstrated that EGCG may exe

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… Furthermore, apoptosis induction, MMP changes, and ROS reduction were observed in colorectal cancer cells treated with EGCG alone or in conjunction with irinotecan. … When given alongside irinotecan, EGCG has been shown to increase the chemosensitivity of colon cancer cells by inducing GRP78-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress [ 63 ]. …

The proteasome as a druggable target with multiple therapeutic potentialities: Cutting and non-cutting edges.

Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) is an adaptable and finely tuned system that sustains proteostasis network under a large variety of physiopathological conditions. Its dysregulation is often associated with the onset and progression of human diseases; hence, UPS modulation has emerged as a promising new avenue for the development of treatments of several relevant pathologies, such as cancer and neurodegeneration. The clinical interest in proteasome inhibition has considerably increased after the FDA approval in 2003 of bortezomib for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, which is now used in

The Immune Regulatory Role of Adenosine in the Tumor Microenvironment.

Adenosine, an immunosuppressive metabolite, is produced by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) released from dying or stressed cells and is found at high levels in the tumor microenvironment of most solid tumors. It mediates pro-tumor activities by inducing tumor cell proliferation, migration or invasion, tumor tissue angiogenesis, and chemoresistance. In addition, adenosine plays an important role in regulating anti-tumor immune responses and facilitating tumor immune escape. Adenosine receptors are broadly expressed by tumor-infiltrated immune cells, including suppressive tumor-associated macrophag

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… NCT04797468 | Advanced Solid Tumor | DRUG: HLX23 | PHASE1 | 18 July 2022 NCT05688215 | Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma|Locally Advanced Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | PROCEDURE: Biospecimen Collection|PROCEDURE: Computed Tomography|PROCEDURE: Core Biopsy|DRUG: Fluorouracil|DRUG: Irinotecan … Fluorouracil|DRUG: Leucovorin|DRUG: Oxaliplatin | PHASE2 | 10 June 2022 NCT05688215 | Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma|Locally Advanced Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | PROCEDURE: Biospecimen Collection|PROCEDURE: Computed Tomography|PROCEDURE: Core Biopsy|DRUG: Fluorouracil|DRUG: Irinotecan …

Tumor-Treating Fields in Glioblastomas: Past, Present, and Future.

Tumor-treating fields (TTFields), a noninvasive and innovative therapeutic approach, has emerged as the fourth most effective treatment option for the management of glioblastomas (GBMs), the most deadly primary brain cancer. According to on recent milestone randomized trials and subsequent observational data, TTFields therapy leads to substantially prolonged patient survival and acceptable adverse events. Clinical trials are ongoing to further evaluate the safety and efficacy of TTFields in treating GBMs and its biological and radiological correlations. TTFields is administered by delivering l

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… The two cohorts received TMZ, bevacizumab, irinotecan, and TTFields (TBI + T) or bevacizumab-based chemotherapy with TTFields. … Triple-drug Therapy With Bevacizumab, Irinotecan, and Temozolomide Plus Tumor Treating Fields for Recurrent Glioblastoma: A Retrospective Study. Front. Neurol. 2019;10:42. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00042. 98. Wong E.T., Lok E., Swanson K.D. …

Trial watch: Oncolytic viruses for cancer therapy.

Oncolytic virotherapy is emerging as a promising approach for the treatment of several neoplasms. The term "oncolytic viruses" is generally employed to indicate naturally occurring or genetically engineered attenuated viral particles that cause the demise of malignant cells while sparing their non-transformed counterparts. From a conceptual standpoint, oncolytic viruses differ from so-called "oncotropic viruses" in that only the former are able to kill cancer cells, even though both display a preferential tropism for malignant tissues. Of note, such a specificity can originate at several diffe

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… evaluating oncolytic virotherapy in cancer patients* Abbreviations: 5-FC, 5-fluorocytosine; BSC, best supportive care; BVC, bevacizumab; CBP, carboplatin; CED, convection enhanced delivery; CNS, central nervous system tumor; CRC, colorectal cancer; DCX, docetaxel; FOLFIRI, folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan … | NCT01636284 n.a. | Combined with BSC | NCT01387555 Active not recruiting | i.v. and i.t. | Followed by sorafenib | NCT01171651 CRC | I | Active not recruiting | i.v. | As single agent | NCT01380600 Recruiting | i.v. | As single agent | NCT01469611 I/II | Recruiting | i.v. and i.t. | Combined with irinotecan …

Clinical management and therapeutic development for the rare disease rhabdomyosarcoma.

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare disease that arises from skeletal muscle mainly affects children and adolescents. Patients with RMS have diverse symptoms and prognosis based on tumor sizes, tumor anatomical locations, histological subtypes of the tumors and genetic testing of paired-box-forkhead box O1 (PAX-FOXO1) fusion gene. The 4 subtypes of RMS include embryonal RMS (eRMS), alveolar RMS (aRMS), spindle cell/sclerosing RMS (scRMS) and pleomorphic RMS (pRMS). Treatment for RMS patients remains challenging due to its heterogeneous nature. Thus, a combinatory approach is likely to warrant bet

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… Survival after relapse in children and adolescents with rhabdomyosarcoma: A report from the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group J Clin Oncol 1999 17 3487 93 10550146 10.1200/JCO.1999.17.11.3487 5 Pappo AS Lyden E Breitfeld P Donaldson SS Wiener E Parham D Two consecutive phase II window trials of irinotecan …

CD13 downregulation mediated by ubenimex inhibits autophagy to overcome 5-FU resistance by disturbing the EMP3/FAK/NF-κB pathway in gastric cancer cells.

BackgroundGastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumours in China, but the efficacy of chemotherapy on GC is significantly reduced due to the occurrence of drug resistance. Some studies have shown that the expression level of CD13 is associated with tumour resistance, but whether ubenimex, as a CD13 inhibitor, reverses GC drug resistance and the underlying mechanism remain unclear.MethodsHerein, resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was reversed in GC by ubenimex, and the underlying mechanism was determined using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays, gene chip analysis, high conte

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… Nat Rev Cancer 2003 ; 3 : 330 - 8 . 10.1038/nrc1074 12724731 32 Kang BW Kim JG Kwon OK Non-platinum-based chemotherapy for treatment of advanced gastric cancer: 5-fluorouracil, taxanes, and irinotecan. …