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Redefining the Role of Lymphotoxin Beta Receptor in the Maintenance of Lymphoid Organs and Immune Cell Homeostasis in Adulthood.

Lymphotoxin beta receptor (LTβR) is a promising therapeutic target in autoimmune and infectious diseases as well as cancer. Mice with genetic inactivation of LTβR display multiple defects in development and organization of lymphoid organs, mucosal immune responses, IgA production and an autoimmune phenotype. As these defects are imprinted in embryogenesis and neonate stages, the impact of LTβR signaling in adulthood remains unclear. Here, to overcome developmental defects, we generated mice with inducible ubiquitous genetic inactivation of LTβR in adult mice (iLTβRΔ/Δ mice) and redefined the r

Sustained Post-Developmental T-Bet Expression Is Critical for the Maintenance of Type One Innate Lymphoid Cells In Vivo.

Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) play a significant role in the intestinal immune response and T-bet+ CD127+ group 1 cells (ILC1) have been linked to the pathogenesis of human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the functional importance of ILC1 in the context of an intact adaptive immune response has been controversial. In this report we demonstrate that induced depletion of T-bet using a Rosa26-Cre-ERT2 model resulted in the loss of intestinal ILC1, pointing to a post-developmental requirement of T-bet expression for these cells. In contrast, neither colonic lamina propria (cLP) ILC2 nor c

Local immune response to food antigens drives meal-induced abdominal pain.

Up to 20% of people worldwide develop gastrointestinal symptoms following a meal1, leading to decreased quality of life, substantial morbidity and high medical costs. Although the interest of both the scientific and lay communities in this issue has increased markedly in recent years, with the worldwide introduction of gluten-free and other diets, the underlying mechanisms of food-induced abdominal complaints remain largely unknown. Here we show that a bacterial infection and bacterial toxins can trigger an immune response that leads to the production of dietary-antigen-specific IgE antibodies

Gut CD4+ T cell phenotypes are a continuum molded by microbes, not by TH archetypes.

CD4+ effector lymphocytes (Teff) are traditionally classified by the cytokines they produce. To determine the states that Teff cells actually adopt in frontline tissues in vivo, we applied single-cell transcriptome and chromatin analyses to colonic Teff cells in germ-free or conventional mice or in mice after challenge with a range of phenotypically biasing microbes. Unexpected subsets were marked by the expression of the interferon (IFN) signature or myeloid-specific transcripts, but transcriptome or chromatin structure could not resolve discrete clusters fitting classic helper T cell (TH) su

High Serum miR-361-3p Predicts Early Postdischarge Infections after Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation.

BackgroundAutologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is currently the backbone of the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) and relapsed and refractory lymphomas. Notably, infections contribute to over 25% of fatalities among AHSCT recipients within the initial 100 days following the procedure. In this study, we aimed to evaluate three selected miRNAs: hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-320c, and hsa-miR-361-3p, in identifying AHSCT recipients at high risk of infectious events up to 100 days post-transplantation after discharge.Materials and methodsThe study group consisted of 58 patients (4

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… For example, Mice deficient in miR-155 exhibit weakened immune responses when faced with infections caused by Citrobacter rodentium , Salmonella typhimurium , and Listeria monocytogenes [ 31 32 33 ]. … rodentium infection in microRNA-155-deficient mice Infect Immun 2013 81 723 732 23264052 10.1128/IAI.00969-12 PMC3584869 32 Rodriguez A Vigorito E Clare S Warren MV Couttet P Soond DR van Dongen S Grocock RJ Das PP Miska EA Vetrie D Okkenhaug K Enright AJ Dougan G Turner M Bradley A Requirement of …

Decoding IL-23 Signaling Cascade for New Therapeutic Opportunities.

The interleukin 23 (IL-23) is a key pro-inflammatory cytokine in the development of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis, inflammatory bowel diseases, multiple sclerosis, or rheumatoid arthritis. The pathological consequences of excessive IL-23 signaling have been linked to its ability to promote the production of inflammatory mediators, such as IL-17, IL-22, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating (GM-CSF), or the tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) by target populations, mainly Th17 and IL-17-secreting TCRγδ cells (Tγδ17). Due to their pivotal role in inflammatory diseases, IL-23 and

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… In the gut, AhR-dependent IL-22 production is required for maintenance of intestinal homeostasis [ 143 ] and for the protection against Citrobacter rodentium infection [ 33 , 144 ]. … In addition, IL-23-mediated IL-22 production play a protective role against Citrobacter rodentium infection, and the protective IL-22 response required T-bet expression [ 144 ]. …

Обнаружить важную роль гута микробиота и диета в многоразовом склерозе.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое воспалительное заболевание центральной нервной системы (CNS), характеризующееся нейродегенерацией, повреждением аксона, обезвоживанием и воспалением. В последнее время кишечный дисбиоз связан с MS и другими аутоиммунными условиями. А именно, кишечная микробиота играет жизненно важную роль в регулировании иммунной функции, оказывая влияние на развитие иммунных клеток, производство цитокина и целостность кишечника. В то время как сбалансированная микробиота способствует иммунной терпимости, дисбиоз нарушает иммунное регулирование, наносит ущерб проницаемо

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… The alteration of gut microbiota was also noted in studies investigating the effects of an enteropathogenic infection with Citrobacter rodentium on the microbiota composition in mice [ 17 ], as well as in a study investigating the Clostridium difficile infection that noted reduced microbial diversity …

IL-22 способствует возникновению хронической гаммагерпесвирусной инфекции, поддерживая реакцию микробного центра.

Гаммагерпесвирусы, включая вирус Эпштейн-Барр (EBV) и герпесвирус, связанный с Карпози (KSHV), создают скрытые инфекции на протяжении всей жизни, которые способствуют множественным заболеваниям раком и множественным склерозом. Эти вирусы колонизируют наивные клетки B и приводят в действие мощный, поликлонный герминальный центр, чтобы расширить латентный вирусный резервуар и установить пожизненную инфекцию в клетках памяти B. Несмотря на клиническое бремя этих вирусов, факторы, способствующие хронической инфекции, по-прежнему плохо определены. " Interleukin-22 " (IL-22) является крити

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… IL-22 induction is a common feature of host responses to diverse pathogens, ranging from bacterial infections such as Citrobacter rodentium [ 67 ] and Klebsiella pneumoniae [ 68 ] to respiratory viral infections including Influenza [ 69 , 70 ]. … IL-22-dependent responses and their role during Citrobacter rodentium infection . Infect Immun . 2024 ; 92 ( 5 ):e0009924. doi: 10.1128/iai.00099-24 38557196 PMC11075456 68 Alcorn JF . IL-22 plays a critical role in maintaining epithelial integrity during pulmonary infection . …

SLAMF7 regulates goblet cell mucus production and negatively impacts gut homeostasis and commensalism.

Crosstalk between the intestinal mucosal barrier and the gut microbiota contributes to maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that diverse mechanisms are involved in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Any disturbance in these pathways can compromise gut homeostasis and trigger chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, how host factors regulate the intestinal mucosal barrier and change the gut microbiome has not been well defined. Here, we discovered that disruption of SLAMF7 protects against intestinal inflammation. SLAMF7 def

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… rodentium compared with that in Rag-1-deficient mice, but this protective phenotype was not observed in mice that lacked only SLAMF6. 47 , 48 In this work, we extended these studies to identify the previously unrecognized functions of SLAMF7 in regulating intestinal inflammation and tissue homeostasis … The cell surface receptor Slamf6 modulates innate immune responses during Citrobacter rodentium-induced colitis . Int Immunol . 2015 ; 27 ( 9 ): 447 – 457 . doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxv029 . 25957267 PMC4560040 49. Feng M , Jiang W , Kim BYS , Zhang CC , Fu YX , Weissman IL . …

Воздействие метаболического синдрома на нейроинфламму и мозговой барьер.

Метаболический синдром, который включает диабет и ожирение. one из самых распространенных медицинских заболеваний. Она вызывает системное воспаление, приводящее к далеко идущим последствиям для тела, которое все еще обнаруживается. Neuropathology, вызванная метаболическим синдромом, часто является результатом повышения проницаемости кровеносного мозга (ББД). ББД, система, предназначенная для ограничения проникновения токсинов, иммунных клеток и патогенов в мозг, имеет жизненно важное значение для надлежащей нейронной функции. Местное и системное воспаление, вызванное ожирением или типом 2 Мели

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… GF mice showed cognitive deficits, as did Citrobacter rodentium infected mice exposed to acute stress ( Gareau et al., 2011 ; Fernandez-Real et al., 2015 ). …

Gut-Bone Axis: A Non-Negligible Contributor to Periodontitis.

Periodontitis is a polymicrobial infectious disease characterized by alveolar bone loss. Systemic diseases or local infections, such as diabetes, postmenopausal osteoporosis, obesity, and inflammatory bowel disease, promote the development and progression of periodontitis. Accumulating evidences have revealed the pivotal effects of gut microbiota on bone health via gut-alveolar-bone axis. Gut pathogens or metabolites may translocate to distant alveolar bone via circulation and regulate bone homeostasis. In addition, gut pathogens can induce aberrant gut immune responses and subsequent homing o

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… During the infection of intestine, gut pathogens, such as Citrobacter rodentium , induce intestinal epithelial cells to generate ROS, which promotes pathogenic Th17 differentiation and impairs gut barrier, as followed by translocation of pathogens to the lamina propria and further enhancement of inflammatory …

The impact of the gut microbiome on tumor immunotherapy: from mechanism to application strategies.

Immunotherapy is one of the fastest developing areas in the field of oncology. Many immunological treatment strategies for refractory tumors have been approved and marketed. Nevertheless, much clinical and preclinical experimental evidence has shown that the efficacy of immunotherapy in tumor treatment varies markedly among individuals. The commensal microbiome mainly colonizes the intestinal lumen in humans, is affected by a variety of factors and exhibits individual variation. Moreover, the gut is considered the largest immune organ of the body due to its influence on the immune system. In t

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… Guo et al. reported that ILC3s can mediate immune surveillance, such as Citrobacter rodentium , to facilitate early colonization resistance through ID2-dependent regulation of IL-22 [ 70 ]. …

Intestinal barrier functions in hematologic and oncologic diseases.

The intestinal barrier is a complex structure that not only regulates the influx of luminal contents into the systemic circulation but is also involved in immune, microbial, and metabolic homeostasis. Evidence implicating disruption in intestinal barrier functions in the development of many systemic diseases, ranging from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis to autism, or systemic complications of intestinal disorders has increased rapidly in recent years, raising the possibility of the intestinal barrier as a potential target for therapeutic intervention to alter the course and mitigate the complica

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… Excessive degradation of the intestinal mucin by the organism may also increase epithelial access by intestinal bacteria to trigger colitis, as has been shown in Citrobacter rodentium -induced colitis in gnotobiotic mice [ 127 ]. …

The IL-17 family in diseases: from bench to bedside.

The interleukin-17 (IL-17) family comprises six members (IL-17A-17F), and recently, all of its related receptors have been discovered. IL-17 was first discovered approximately 30 years ago. Members of this family have various biological functions, including driving an inflammatory cascade during infections and autoimmune diseases, as well as boosting protective immunity against various pathogens. IL-17 is a highly versatile proinflammatory cytokine necessary for vital processes including host immune defenses, tissue repair, inflammatory disease pathogenesis, and cancer progression. However, ho

Epidemiology of infections in cancer patients.

Although major advances in the care of cancer patients over the past several decades have resulted in improved survival, infectious complications remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. To successfully identify, treat, and prevent infections, a comprehensive understanding of risk factors that predispose to infection and of commonly encountered pathogens is necessary. In addition, clinicians must keep abreast of the changing epidemiology of infections in this population. As therapeutic modalities continue to evolve, as established pathogens become increasingly drug resistant, and

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… Natural killer cells protect against mucosal and systemic infection with the enteric pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. Infect Immun. 2013;81(2):460–469. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00953-12. 35. Horowitz A, Stegmann KA, Riley EM. Activation of natural killer cells during microbial infections. …

UEG Week 2017 Oral Presentations

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The multiple roles of interferon regulatory factor family in health and disease.

Interferon Regulatory Factors (IRFs), a family of transcription factors, profoundly influence the immune system, impacting both physiological and pathological processes. This review explores the diverse functions of nine mammalian IRF members, each featuring conserved domains essential for interactions with other transcription factors and cofactors. These interactions allow IRFs to modulate a broad spectrum of physiological processes, encompassing host defense, immune response, and cell development. Conversely, their pivotal role in immune regulation implicates them in the pathophysiology of v

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Неделя ГЭЭ 2017 Презентации на плакате

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