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Application of Next Generation Sequencing in Laboratory Medicine.

The rapid development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, including advances in sequencing chemistry, sequencing technologies, bioinformatics, and data interpretation, has facilitated its wide clinical application in precision medicine. This review describes current sequencing technologies, including short- and long-read sequencing technologies, and highlights the clinical application of NGS in inherited diseases, oncology, and infectious diseases. We review NGS approaches and clinical diagnosis for constitutional disorders; summarize the application of U.S. Food and Drug Administr

Natural bioactive molecules and chemotherapeutics synergism for enhanced cancer therapy.

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy remains a foundation of cancer care but is limited by multidrug resistance, systemic toxicities, and suboptimal selectivity, prompting interest in adjunctive strategies that improve efficacy and tolerability without adding significant burden to patients or healthcare systems. AIMS/OBJECTIVES: This review highlights evidence on natural bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, and fungal metabolites, as adjuvants to standard chemotherapeutics, with objectives to: first, delineate mechanisms by which these agents enhance cytotoxic efficacy and o

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… Other agents inhibit enzymes like ribonucleotide reductase, reducing the availability of deoxyribonucleotides for DNA synthesis. Together, these agents target rapidly dividing cells through distinct but complementary mechanisms, highlighting their utility in cancer chemotherapy. … Other agents inhibit enzymes like ribonucleotide reductase, reducing the availability of deoxyribonucleotides for DNA synthesis. Together, these agents target rapidly dividing cells through distinct but complementary mechanisms, highlighting their utility in cancer chemotherapy. …

Mechanism-based prediction of drug synergy via network controllability analysis of therapeutic pathways in intractable diseases.

Identifying effective drug combinations for multidrug therapies in intractable diseases remains challenging, and drug synergy depends on regulatory mechanisms. Herein, we introduce a mechanistic framework that redefines drug combination strategies into two distinct synergy paradigms-"boost" and "complement"-and present a network-based method called SYNERGIE to predict associated combinations across diseases. For diseases lacking known therapeutic targets, we introduced network controllability analysis to estimate therapeutic pathways and target molecules. SYNERGIE integrates drug-disease and d

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… Thus, the synthesis of purines, pyrimidines, and deoxyribonucleotides is regulated by Asp, ribonucleotide synthesis is regulated by the triplet, and DNA and protein synthesis are regulated by Oxa. This combination regulates the DNA replication and RNA synthesis pathways ( Figure 5 L). …

COVID-19 in patients with anemia and haematological malignancies: risk factors, clinical guidelines, and emerging therapeutic approaches.

Extensive research in countries with high sociodemographic indices (SDIs) to date has shown that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be directly associated with more severe outcomes among patients living with haematological disorders and malignancies (HDMs). Because individuals with moderate to severe immunodeficiency are likely to undergo persistent infections, shed virus particles for prolonged periods, and lack an inflammatory or abortive phase, this represents an overall risk of morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. In cases suffering from HDMs, further investigation is needed to achi

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… Small-molecule inhibitor | CLL | • Tyrosine kinase | [ 231 ] Hydroxyurea therapy * | Small-molecule inhibitor | SCA and CML | • Increases fetal hemoglobin and reduces the number of attacks • Inhibiting the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase by scavenging tyrosyl free radicals decreases the production of deoxyribonucleotides …

Metabolic Reprogramming of Cancer Cells and Therapeutics Targeting Cancer Metabolism.

BackgroundCancer metabolism is a field focused on the unique alterations in metabolic pathways that occur in cancer cells, distinguishing them from the metabolic processes in normal cells.MethodsAn extensive review of the current literature on the metabolic adaptation of cancer cells was carried out in the current study.ResultsThe rapidly proliferating cells require high levels of molecules, such as glucose, amino acids, lipids, and nucleotides, along with increased energy demand (ATP). These requirements are met through alterations in the processes involving glucose, amino acid, lipid, and nu

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… NADPH also promotes biosynthetic processes involving tetrahydrofolate, deoxyribonucleotides, proline, fatty acids, and cholesterol [ 8 ]. Inhibiting the processes that rely on NADPH to decrease oxidative stress may be effective in treating certain malignancies [ 8 ]. …

Molecular mechanisms of resveratrol as chemo and radiosensitizer in cancer.

One of the primary diseases that cause death worldwide is cancer. Cancer cells can be intrinsically resistant or acquire resistance to therapies and drugs used for cancer treatment through multiple mechanisms of action that favor cell survival and proliferation, becoming one of the leading causes of treatment failure against cancer. A promising strategy to overcome chemoresistance and radioresistance is the co-administration of anticancer agents and natural compounds with anticancer properties, such as the polyphenolic compound resveratrol (RSV). RSV has been reported to be able to sensitize c

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… proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition ( Brockmueller et al., 2023 ). 7.7 Gemcitabine and resveratrol Gemcitabine (2′, 2′-difluoro 2′-deoxycytidine) is a drug that induces cancer cell death by inhibiting ribonucleotide reductase, an enzyme necessary for the synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides …

DNA Damaging Drugs

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The cross talk of ubiquitination and chemotherapy tolerance in colorectal cancer.

Ubiquitination, a highly adaptable post-translational modification, plays a pivotal role in maintaining cellular protein homeostasis, encompassing cancer chemoresistance-associated proteins. Recent findings have indicated a potential correlation between perturbations in the ubiquitination process and the emergence of drug resistance in CRC cancer. Consequently, numerous studies have spurred the advancement of compounds specifically designed to target ubiquitinates, offering promising prospects for cancer therapy. In this review, we highlight the role of ubiquitination enzymes associated with c

Landscape of small nucleic acid therapeutics: moving from the bench to the clinic as next-generation medicines.

The ability of small nucleic acids to modulate gene expression via a range of processes has been widely explored. Compared with conventional treatments, small nucleic acid therapeutics have the potential to achieve long-lasting or even curative effects via gene editing. As a result of recent technological advances, efficient small nucleic acid delivery for therapeutic and biomedical applications has been achieved, accelerating their clinical translation. Here, we review the increasing number of small nucleic acid therapeutic classes and the most common chemical modifications and delivery platf

Selected Abstracts from the 13th Annual Meeting of the Clinical Immunology Society: 2022 Annual Meeting: Immune Deficiency and Dysregulation North American Conference

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Премии победителей и резюме 32nd Ежегодный симпозиум Общества протеинов; Бостон, ОЭТ, июль 9-12, 2018.

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Invited Lectures : Overviews Purinergic signalling: past, present and future.

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