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Delayed and pseudodelayed visual evoked potentials in optic neuritis compared with long time echo-short tau inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging of optic nerve.

Twenty patients affected by optic neuritis (ON) underwent serial visual evoked potential (VEP) recordings, performed with multiple electrode arrays, and with stimuli of 1 and 3 cycles per degree (cpd) for 1 year. VEP findings were correlated with long time echo-short tau inversion recovery (LTE-STIR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of optic nerves and with visual field tests. MRI showed lesions in 95.2% of acute ON and in 66.6% of the 1 year follow-up. VEPs were classified into really 'delayed' VEPs and 'pseudodelayed' VEPs, based on their scalp distribution. Furthermore, VEPs to 1 or 3 cpd c…

Macular choroidal thickness and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in normal adults and patients with optic atrophy due to acute idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the association between macular choroidal thickness and peripapillary RNFL thickness in patients with optic atrophy due to acute idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis and in normal controls using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). METHODS: We performed SD-OCT peripapillary RNFL circular scan centered on the optic disc with horizontal and vertical crosshair scans through the fovea using the enhanced depth technique in 62 eyes with optic atrophy due to acute idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis and 86 eyes of normal controls. The association between…

Linezolid-Induced Optic Neuritis in Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review of Case Reports, Case Series, and Cohort Studies.

BACKGROUND: With the increasing use of linezolid for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis, concerns have emerged regarding serious adverse effects, including optic neuritis. To systematically review the available evidence on the incidence of optic neuritis reported in the cohort, its onset, linezolid doses and duration, spectrum, management approaches, and outcomes across case reports and series studies. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines after registration in Internationa…

Bilateral Optic Neuritis in Paediatric Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: A Case Report of Clinical Challenges and Management Outcomes.

Paediatric optic neuritis is a rare inflammatory demyelinating condition that frequently presents with bilateral involvement and a generally favourable prognosis compared to adult-onset forms. We report the case of a seven-year-old boy with a history of thalassemia trait and mild autism who presented with a one-day history of sudden bilateral painful vision fluctuation, headache, and fever. Initial visual acuity (VA) was 6/12 in the right eye and 6/30 in the left eye, with normal optic nerve function test and fundoscopic examination indicating retrobulbar involvement. While initial computed to…

Optic Neuritis in the Puerperium Mimicking Severe Preeclampsia: A Neurological Differential Diagnosis in the Obstetric Emergency Setting.

Optic neuritis is an acute inflammatory disease that can cause acute visual loss. We present a case of a 22-year-old female in postpartum with acute headache, retroocular pain, and bilateral amaurosis. Orbit MRI revealed inflammatory changes in both neurovascular optical bundles. The patient required 5-day steroid therapy, presenting complete recovery.

MOG-Ab-associated optic neuritis with concurrent GFAP-Ab positivity following tislelizumab-based treatment: a case report.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics and therapeutic management of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab)-related optic neuritis (ON), a rare neurological immune-related adverse event (irAE) associated with the programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor tislelizumab. METHODS: We report a retrospective case of a 48-year-old male patient with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) who developed acute bilateral vision loss after receiving the first dose of tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy. After admission to the neurology department and a systematic cli…

Upadacitinib Restrains the Pathogenic Fitness of CD4+ T Cells and Aberrant B Cell Programming in Optic Neuritis.

Optic neuritis (ON) is a neuroinflammatory autoimmune disease harboring autoreactive lymphocytes. Effector memory CD4+ T cells (CD4+ Tem) represent a prominently expanded and pro-inflammatory subset within this compartment, yet their pathogenic metabolic programs remain poorly defined. B cell dysfunction also contributes to ON pathogenesis. However, whether T cell-intrinsic metabolic rewiring directly fuels this B cell dysregulation awaits elucidation. Here, through single-cell transcriptomic profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from ON patients, we conceptualized a patholog…

Non-Contrast Fat-Saturated FLAIR MRI: Utility for Detecting Posterior and Seronegative-Associated Lesions in Optic Neuritis.

Background/Objectives: To compare the lesion detection rates of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery with fat saturation (FLAIR-FS) versus T2-weighted short tau inversion recovery (T2WI-STIR) and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (CE-T1WI) in detecting lesions across antibody-defined subtypes (AQP4-ON, MOG-ON, seronegative ON) and anatomic segments of optic neuritis (ON). Methods: Forty-two patients (56 eyes) aged 5-57 years with acute/subacute optic neuritis underwent orbital MRI (T2WI-STIR, FLAIR-FS, and CE-T1WI). Two blinded neuroradiologists independently reviewed the images to assess l…

Atypical Optic Neuritis as a Manifestation of Ocular Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) Lymphoma: A Case Report.

Classic definitions describe optic neuritis as an acute, unilateral loss of vision accompanied by an afferent pupillary defect and eye pain, with normal ophthalmoscopy in most cases. Advancements in paraclinical tests have dichotomized clinical presentations into typical and atypical optic neuritis, with the latter requiring additional testing to establish a diagnosis of definite or probable optic neuritis. Compromise of the second cranial nerve in optic neuritis expands beyond inflammation and demyelination and includes systemic and infectious entities, more commonly catalyzing atypical clini…

A Challenging Case of MOG-Associated Optic Neuritis: The Role of IL-6 Inhibition in Refractory Disease.

We present a case of a 21-year-old woman diagnosed with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), characterized by recurrent optic neuritis and progressive vision loss. Despite multiple immunosuppressive therapies-including corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, and rituximab-the patient continued to experience disabling relapses, particularly during steroid tapering. Ongoing disease activity, combined with significant steroid-related side effects, prompted a trial of subcutaneous tocilizumab, an interleukin-6 (IL…

Amaurosis Fugax Dolorosa: A Prodromal Syndrome in Optic Neuritis Associated With Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease.

OBJECTIVES: Amaurosis fugax (AF) is typically vascular but can rarely be associated with optic neuritis (ON). We describe AF preceding myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) ON. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed our MOGAD cohort (July 2024-April 2024). Inclusion criteria were (1) AF-defined as transient visual loss <24 hours without retinal ischemic lesions-before first ON and (2) fulfilled international MOGAD 2023 diagnostic criteria. Demographics, symptoms/signs, MRI, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) data were collected. Descriptive statistics summa…

Прогнозирующая модель для пациентов с тройным отрицательным оптическим невритом: выявление подгруппы пациентов с благоприятными результатами.

Подгруппа оптического неврита (ON) остается серонегиозной для AQP4-IgG, MOG-IgG и CSF oligoclonal (OCBs), что осложняет диагностику и управление. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы охарактеризовать эти случаи с тройной отрицательной стороны (ТНК) и сравнить их с MS, MOGAD и NMOSD. Мы ретроспективно проанализировали 103 пациента с первым эпизодом AQP4-IgG, MOG-IgG и OCB, классифицировали их в MS (n=26), MOGAD (n=25), NMOSD (n=13) и TNON (n=39). Кроме того, TNON был разделен на развивающиеся MS (EvMS) и Idiopatic TNON. Для классификации TNON на основе исходных данных использовалась вс

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A subset of optic neuritis (ON) patients remains seronegative for AQP4-IgG, MOG-IgG, and CSF oligoclonal bands (OCBs), complicating diagnosis and management. This study aimed to characterize these triple-negative ON (TNON) cases and compare them to MS, MOGAD, and NMOSD. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 103 patients with a firs…

The atypical faces of optic neuritis: neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this article is to provide a review of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), with a focus on what renders optic neuritis "atypical" in these two conditions. Clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and epidemiology are outlined. Acute treatments for optic neuritis, as well as immunotherapy for NMOSD and MOGAD are discussed. RECENT FINDINGS: Updates in NMOSD and MOGAD are highlighted, with an emphasis on novel work including the new 2023 MOGAD diagnostic criteria, our evolving…

Electrophysiological and Histological Correlations of Optic Neuritis in the Dark Agouti Rat Model of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model of Inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) disease. Dark agouti (DA) rats immunized with full-length myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG1-125) typically develop a relapsing-remitting EAE form characterized by predominant demyelinating involvement of the spinal cord and optic nerve. Visually evoked potentials (VEP) are a useful objective tool to assess the optic nerve function and monitor electrophysiological changes in optic neuritis (ON). The current study aimed to assess the VEP changes in MOG-EAE DA rats using a minim…

Plasma exchange for acute optic neuritis in neuromyelitis optica or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: To appraise whether plasma exchange (PLEX) effectively improves visual function for acute optic neuritis (ON) in neuromyelitis optica (NMO) or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, ProQuest Central, and Web of Science to identify relevant articles published between 2006 and 2020.Eligible studies were in English and evaluated visual outcomes for people with acute ON in NMO or NMOSD treated with PLEX. They also had adequate pre- and posttreatment data. Excluded were studies with 1 or 2 case reports, or in…

A Randomized Prospective Trial Comparing Repository Corticotropin Injection and Intravenous Methylprednisolone for Neuroprotection in Acute Optic Neuritis.

BACKGROUND: Repository corticotrophin injection (RCI, Acthar Gel) and intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) improve the rate but not the extent of visual recovery following acute optic neuritis. RCI has adrenal-stimulating and melanocortin receptor-stimulating properties that may endow it with unique anti-inflammatory properties relative to IVMP. METHODS: Individuals with acute optic neuritis of less than 2 weeks duration were prospectively enrolled and randomized 1:1 to receive either RCI or IVMP. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer th…