Результаты поиска

Treatment Patterns and Survival in Older Adults with Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma: A Population-Based Study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, with a median age of diagno … r than 80 years), the most common treatment was anthracycline-containing regimens followed by other drug combinations. For patients older than 80 years, fewer received anthracyclines (32.4%) and more received other drug combinations (17.6%) or had no treatment (13.1%) vs those aged 65-80 years (61.6% anthracyclines, 10.4% other combinations, 5% no treatment). Women …

Antibiotic resistance and consumption before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Valle del Cauca, Colombia.

OBJECTIVE: To assess changes in antibiotic resistance of eight of the World Health Organization priority bug-drug combinations and consumption of six antibiotics (ceftriaxone, cefepime, piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin) before (March 2018 to July 2019) and during (March 2020 to July 2021) the COVID-19 pandemic in 31 hospitals in Valle del Cauca, Colombia. METHODS: This was a before/after study using routinely collected data. For antibiotic consumption, daily defined doses (DDD) per 100 bed-days were compared. RESULTS: There were 23 405 priority bacterial isolates…

RETRACTED: Potential synergistic activity of quercetin with antibiotics against multidrug-resistant clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Development of drug resistance in opportunistic pathogens is one of the major healthcare challenges associated with infection management. Co … xicity assays were performed using Human Embryonic Kidney 293T cells (HEK-293T) using the effective drug combinations with respective controls. The biofilm formation and biofilm cell viability were drastically affected with quercetin and selected antibiotics combinations with ≥80% inhibition. In vitro infection studies showed that all the strains could exert signif …

Price equation captures the role of drug interactions and collateral effects in the evolution of multidrug resistance.

Bacterial adaptation to antibiotic combinations depends on the joint inhibitory effects of the two drugs (drug interaction [DI]) and how resistance to one drug impacts resistance to the other (collateral effects [CE]). Here we model these evolutionary dynamics on two-dimensional phenotype spaces that leverage scaling relations between the drug-response surfaces of drug-sensitive (ancestral) and drug-resistant (mutant) populations. We show that evolved resistance to the component drugs - and in turn, the adaptation of growth rate - is governed by a Price equation whose covariance terms encode g

Interactions and monitoring of antipsychotic drugs.

As a consequence of individualized antipsychotic pharmacotherapy, many patients need more than a single drug, since they do not respond sufficiently to monotherapy. Other patients suffer from comorbid diseases and therefore require additional drugs from other pharmacological classes. Drug combinations, however, can give rise to pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic drug-drug interactions. Evaluation of pharmacokinetic interactions with antipsychotic drugs must consider substrate, inhibitor, and inducer properties for the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes of all combined drugs. For consideratio…

Broad-spectrum synergistic antiviral activity of selenazofurin and ribavirin.

The antiviral effects of selenazofurin (2-beta-D-ribofuranosylselenazole-4-carboxamide, selenazole), ribavirin (1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4 … r cytocidal 3-deazaguanosine, as determined by relative plating efficiency after drug exposure. The drug combinations did not significantly increase cytotoxicity (they were only additive) when used on uninfected cells. Therefore, the enhanced antiviral activities of the drug combinations (shown to be synergistic) were due to specific effects against viral replicati …

Impact of specific Beers Criteria medications on associations between drug exposure and unplanned hospitalisation in elderly patients taking high-risk drugs: a case-time-control study in Western Australia.

BACKGROUND: Certain broad medication classes have previously been associated with high rates of hospitalisation due to related adverse event … IONS: Indomethacin and temazepam should be prescribed cautiously in elderly patients, especially in drug combinations. Furthermore, it appears other antirheumatics should be favoured over indomethacin/naproxen and, in situations where both drugs may be appropriate, digoxin over amiodarone. Our methodology may help assess the safety of new medications in drug combin …

Advances in Synergistic Combinations of Chinese Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Cancer.

The complex pathology of cancer development requires correspondingly complex treatments. The traditional application of individual single-target drugs fails to sufficiently treat cancer with durable therapeutic effects and tolerable adverse events. Therefore, synergistic combinations of drugs represent a promising way to enhance efficacy, overcome toxicity and optimize safety. Chinese Herbal Medicines (CHMs) have long been used as such synergistic combinations. Therefore, we summarized the synergistic combinations of CHMs used in the treatment of cancer and their roles in chemotherapy in terms

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Notably, network analyses of drug combinations are just beginning, as the drug-gene-protein-pathway interaction databases are still far from being completely established. … A formal model for analyzing drug combination effects and its application in TNF-alpha-induced NFkappaB pathway. BMC Syst. Biol. 2010;4:50. doi: 10.1186/1752-0509-4-50. 21. Huang L., Li F., Sheng J., Xia X., Ma J., Zhan M., Wong S.T. …

Efficient in vitro assay for evaluating drug efficacy and synergy against emerging SARS-CoV-2 strains.

Novel and repurposed antiviral drugs are available for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, antiviral combinations … tion therapies and the detection of antiviral resistance. Our findings support the use of antiviral drug combinations targeting multiple viral components to enhance COVID-19 treatment efficacy, particularly in the context of emerging viral strains.

Activities of Dual Combinations of Antibiotics Against Multidrug-Resistant Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Recovered from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis.

Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at risk for recurrent pulmonary infections due to increased viscosity of airway secretions, leading to persistent colonization with pathogenic bacteria, including nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Extensive antibiotic use for treatment of infections has led to increasing antimicrobial resistance, which is a significant barrier to the treatment of NTMs. We examined the in vitro activity of several antibiotics against a selection of the most drug-resistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium chelonae, and Mycobacterium avium complex

The fusion inhibitor enfuvirtide in recent antiretroviral strategies.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to discuss recent pharmacological, virological, and clinical data that concern enfuvirtide usage in different antiretroviral combinations. RECENT FINDINGS: Randomized, recent trials in multidrug-experienced patients suggest that antiretroviral combinations with enfuvirtide have excellent virological responses with new antiretroviral compounds, including darunavir, etravirine, raltegravir, vicriviroc, and maraviroc. Trials confirm long-term safety, in spite of moderate injection-site reactions or pain, and lack of significant interactions. Preli

Combination effect of antibiotics against bacteria isolated from keratitis using fractional inhibitory concentration index.

PURPOSE: To study the in vitro interaction of fluoroquinolones such as levofloxacin (LVFX), gatifloxacin (GFLX), or moxifloxacin (MFLX) in c … LVFX/CMX, GFLX/CMX, MFLX/CMX in gram-negative rods were low. The additive activity of the following drug combinations were seen in more than 70% of isolates: LVFX/CMX and GFLX/CMX against gram-positive cocci and LVFX/CMX, GFLX/CMX, MFLX/CMX against gram-negative rods. No consistent synergistic or antagonistic effect was observed with the combinations used. CONCLUS …

Chemical immobilisation of lions: weighing up drug effectiveness versus clinical effects.

Selection of an effective drug combination to immobilise African lions (Panthera leo) requires balancing immobilisation effectiveness with potential side effects. We compared the immobilisation effectiveness and changes to physiological variables induced by three drug combinations used for free-ranging African lions. The lions (12 animals per drug combination) were immobilised with tiletamine-zolazepam-medetomidine (TZM), ketamine-medetomidine (KM) or ketamine-butorphanol-medetomidine (KBM). Induction, immobilisation, and recovery were timed, evaluated using a scoring system, and physiological…

Simulation of drug-drug interactions between breast cancer chemotherapeutic agents and antiemetic drugs.

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting are commonly experienced side effects in breast cancer (BCa) patients. Antiemetic drugs … f the disease and chemotherapy toxicities. Clinicians need to be aware of the DDI likelihood of the drug combinations used in BCa treatment.

Ex vivo drug screening defines novel drug sensitivity patterns for informing personalized therapy in myeloid neoplasms.

Precision medicine approaches such as ex vivo drug sensitivity screening (DSS) are appealing to inform rational drug selection in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) and acute myeloid leukemia, given their marked biologic heterogeneity. We evaluated a novel, fully automated ex vivo DSS platform that uses high-throughput flow cytometry in 54 patients with newly diagnosed or treatment-refractory myeloid neoplasms to evaluate sensitivity (blast cytotoxicity and differentiation) to 74 US Food and Drug Administration-approved or investigational drugs and 36 drug combinations. After piloting the platfo…

Bactericidal activity of pyrazinamide and clofazimine alone and in combinations with pretomanid and bedaquiline.

RATIONALE: New regimens to shorten tuberculosis treatment and manage patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis who are infected with HIV are urgently needed. Experimental and clinical evidence suggests that the new drugs bedaquiline (B) and pretomanid (Pa), combined with an existing drug, pyrazinamide (Z), and a repurposed drug, clofazimine (C), may assist treatment shortening of drug-susceptible and drug-resistant tuberculosis. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the 14-day bactericidal activity of C and Z in monotherapy and in combinations with Pa and B. METHODS: Groups of 15 treatment-naive, sputum s

Fixed-dose combinations improve medication compliance: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Compliance with treatment is a sine qua non for successful treatment of chronic conditions like hypertension. Fixed-dose combinations are designed to simplify the medication regimen and potentially improve compliance. However the data on comparison of fixed-dose combination with free-drug regimen to improve patient's medication compliance is limited. METHODS: We conducted a MEDLINE search of studies using the words fixed-dose combinations, compliance and/or adherence. The inclusion criteria were studies which involved fixed-dose combination versus free-drug components of the regim

Clinical impact of drug-drug interactions with systemic azole antifungals.

The number of drug-drug interactions is remarkably high among hospitalized patients receiving systemic azole antifungal agents. Recent estim … actions in vivo. Patients with specific polymorphisms are probably at especially high risk. Certain drug combinations with azoles should be absolutely avoided, while other combinations may be prescribed provided monitoring of drug levels is undertaken, dosage reduction of one or more of the drugs is made (as appropriate) and/or careful monitoring of clinical parame …

Drug Synergy Slows Aging and Improves Healthspan through IGF and SREBP Lipid Signaling.

There is growing interest in pharmacological interventions directly targeting the aging process. Pharmacological interventions against aging should be efficacious when started in adults and, ideally, repurpose existing drugs. We show that dramatic lifespan extension can be achieved by targeting multiple, evolutionarily conserved aging pathways and mechanisms using drug combinations. Using this approach in C. elegans, we were able to slow aging and significantly extend healthy lifespan. To identify the mechanism of these drug synergies, we applied transcriptomics and lipidomics analysis. We fou…

Anesthetic efficacy of ketamine-diazepam, ketamine-xylazine, and ketamine-acepromazine in Caspian Pond turtles (Mauremys caspica).

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of different anesthetic drug combinations on the Caspian Pond turtles (Mauremys caspica). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Three groups of the Caspian Pond turtles (n = 6) were anesthetized with three different drug combinations. Initially, a pilot study was conducted to determine the best drug doses for the anesthetization of the turtles, and according to these results, ketamine-diazepam (120 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride [5%] and 2 mg/kg diazepam [5%]), ketamine-acepromazine (120 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride [5%] and 1 mg/kg acepromazin…