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Clinical Features and Treatment Progress of Invasive Mucormycosis in Patients with Hematological Malignancies.

The incidence rate of invasive mucormycosis (IM) in patients with hematological malignancies (HMs) is increasing year by year, ranging from 0.07% to 4.29%, and the mortality rate is mostly higher than 50%. With the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) also became a global health threat. Patients with high risk factors such as active HMs, relapsed/refractory leukemia, prolonged neutropenia may still develop breakthrough mucormycosis (BT-MCR) even under the prophylaxis of Mucorales-active antifungals, and such patients often have higher mortality. Rhizopus spp. is

Ocrelizumab-Induced Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Case Report.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an uncommon disorder marked by severe immune system dysfunction and excessive inflammation. Its clinical features often mimic those of severe sepsis, including persistent high fevers, multiorgan failure, cytopenia, and coagulation abnormalities. HLH can be triggered by infections, malignancies, rheumatological disorders, genetic factors, and medications, particularly those that cause immunosuppression. Ocrelizumab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis, has been associated with rare immune-mediated complications

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… A CT of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis, performed on Day 10 of admission, revealed multiple pulmonary nodules with surrounding ground-glass attenuation, raising concerns for an invasive fungal infection, though there were no features of malignancy (Figure 1 ). … Chest CT scan showing multiple pulmonary nodules with surrounding ground-glass attenuation, suggestive of an invasive fungal infection On Day 12 of her admission, she was transferred to the hematology team, where further investigations were carried out, including a connective tissue disease (CTD) screen …

Обязательный экзамен по патологии: лишний или необходимый?

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Доклад по делу и всеобъемлющий обзор литературы: редкий случай экстрамуллярной плазмоцитомы в трахее.

Этот случай описывает редкий случай изолированной экстрамуллярной плазмоцитомы в трахее 69-year-old Женщины, страдающие острыми респираторными расстройствами 1 h До поступления. Вычисленная томография грудной клетки (CT) выявила нокулярное повреждение внутри трахеи, которое характеризовалось маргинальной кальцинацией и сильным стратозом трахеиального люмена. Фибероптическая бронхоскопия показала, что носовое повреждение значительно помешало люмену дыхательных путей. Пациент прошел технически требовательную процедуру детонации эндоскопической опухоли. Гистопатологический анализ с помощью эндоск

Skin manifestations associated with systemic diseases - Part II.

The skin, by reflecting internal processes, externalizes what happens inside the body in many diseases. Thus, the skin, as an organ, extrapolates its functions of protection, barrier and signals the existence of systemic diseases, expanding the importance of the dermatologist beyond the skin surface. Thus, the dermatologist investigates diagnostic hypotheses for conditions related to all systems and refers patients to the appropriate specialty. Combined with examination by a trained eye, the skin, due to its easy access, is still the ideal place for performing biopsies, which often clarify the

Lysosomal storage diseases.

Lysosomes are cytoplasmic organelles that contain a variety of different hydrolases. A genetic deficiency in the enzymatic activity of one of these hydrolases will lead to the accumulation of the material meant for lysosomal degradation. Examples include glycogen in the case of Pompe disease, glycosaminoglycans in the case of the mucopolysaccharidoses, glycoproteins in the cases of the oligosaccharidoses, and sphingolipids in the cases of Niemann-Pick disease types A and B, Gaucher disease, Tay-Sachs disease, Krabbe disease, and metachromatic leukodystrophy. Sometimes, the lysosomal storage ca

PSMA4 as a Druggable Target in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization and Single-Cell Transcriptomics.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with limited treatment options and frequent drug resistance. Novel therapeutic targets are urgently needed. We performed a druggable genome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using blood cis-expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) and HS genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. Colocalization, transcriptomic validation, single-cell RNA sequencing, and cell-cell communication analyses were integrated to explore gene function and cell-type specificity. We identified eight genes that showed significant associations

Pulmonary aspergillosis: diagnosis and treatment.

Aspergillus species are the most frequent cause of fungal infections of the lungs with a broad spectrum of clinical presentations including invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) and chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). IPA affects immunocompromised populations, which are increasing in number and diversity with the advent of novel anti-cancer therapies. Moreover, IPA has emerged as a complication of severe influenza and coronavirus disease 2019 in apparently immunocompetent hosts. CPA mainly affects patients with pre-existing lung lesions and is recognised increasingly frequently among patie

An Advanced AIDS Patient With CD4 <20 and Plasmablastic Lymphoma Achieving Complete Response With the V-EPOCH Regimen.

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is highly aggressive and carries a poor prognosis. Although the standard chemotherapy choice for most diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) is R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone), subtypes of DLBCL such as PBL are less responsive to this treatment regimen. The preferred regimens for PBL include infusional EPOCH (etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin hydrochloride), HyperCVAD (cyclophosphamide, vincristine sulfate, doxorubicin hydrochloride, and de

Dermatological manifestations of hematologic neoplasms. Part II: nonspecific skin lesions/paraneoplastic diseases.

Cutaneous manifestations occur in the course of hematologic malignancies and precede, accompany or occur late in relation to the diagnosis. They result from paraneoplastic phenomena, tumor infiltrations, immunosuppression resulting from the hematologic disease itself or its treatment. The dermatologist must be aware of these conditions that may be helpful both in the diagnosis of the underlying disease and in reducing patient morbidity. This review (part II) addresses the paraneoplastic dermatological changes associated with systemic hematologic malignancies.

Analyzing Comorbidity Patterns in Patients With Thyroid Disease Using Large-Scale Electronic Medical Records: Network-Based Retrospective Observational Study.

BackgroundThyroid disease (TD) is a prominent endocrine disorder that raises global health concerns; however, its comorbidity patterns remain unclear.ObjectiveThis study aims to apply a network-based method to comprehensively analyze the comorbidity patterns of TD using large-scale real-world health data.MethodsIn this retrospective observational study, we extracted the comorbidities of adult patients with TD from both private and public data sets. All comorbidities were identified using ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision) codes at the 3-digit level, and those with

Respiratory Tract Infections: Sinusitis, Bronchitis, and Pneumonia

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Macroglossia due to Systemic Amyloidosis: Is There a Role for Radiotherapy?

BACKGROUND: Macroglossia due to amyloid depositions can cause cosmetic problems and functional disability, and can lead to life-threatening airway obstruction. Management of macroglossia in systemic amyloidosis is controversial, and the role of surgery is unclear. CASE DESCRIPTION: We present a case of a 66-year-old woman affected by macroglossia due to light chain amyloidosis who presented with eating and breathing difficulties. Because of prior successful results of radiotherapy for localized amyloid disease, our patient was treated with external beam radiation therapy (20 Gy in 10 fraction

Functional magnetic resonance imaging in oncology: state of the art.

In the investigation of tumors with conventional magnetic resonance imaging, both quantitative characteristics, such as size, edema, necrosis, and presence of metastases, and qualitative characteristics, such as contrast enhancement degree, are taken into consideration. However, changes in cell metabolism and tissue physiology which precede morphological changes cannot be detected by the conventional technique. The development of new magnetic resonance imaging techniques has enabled the functional assessment of the structures in order to obtain information on the different physiological proces

Radiomics-based classification of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw using panoramic radiographs.

OBJECTIVES: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) caused by bone resorption inhibitors is difficult to treat and reduces the patient's quality of life. We aimed to classify the likelihood of MRONJ development using panoramic radiographs taken prior to bone resorption inhibitor administration. METHODS: We included patients who underwent panoramic radiographic evaluation at Hiroshima University Hospital prior to bone resorption inhibitor administration. Thirty-two patients with MRON of the mandible (16 men and 16 women) and 57 without MRONJ (23 men and 34 women) were selected. The

Extra-Axial Skeletal Metastasis of Malignant Melanoma: Case Report and Literature Review.

The incidence of malignant melanoma is increasing worldwide and is one of the major causes of skin cancer deaths in the United States. Although melanoma has the potential to metastasize to any organ, the incidence of bone metastasis is low (~25%) compared to liver or lung metastasis. However, when a bone is involved, metastasis occurs to the axial skeleton in most cases (80%-90%), and involvement of the appendicular skeleton is relatively rare. We here describe the case of a patient who presented with a pathological fracture due to extra-axial skeletal metastasis of a widespread malignant mela

Rapidly Progressive Merkel Cell Carcinoma with Atypical Metastatic Pattern-A Case Report and Brief Literature Review.

Background and Clinical Significance: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive neuroendocrine cutaneous malignancy with increasing incidence among elderly, immunocompromised patients or individuals exposed to ultraviolet radiation. Case Presentation: We present the case of an 84-year-old Caucasian male with no history of immunosuppression, who was admitted for asthenia, dysphagia, weight loss, and generalized weakness. Clinical and imaging investigations revealed a violaceous tumor on the right arm and disseminated metastases affecting the liver, spleen, bones and lymph nodes. A liver

A Case Report on Solitary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Pleura.

Solitary plasmacytoma is an extremely rare form of plasma cell malignancy that presents as a single mass of monoclonal plasma cells located either intraosseous or extramedullary (extraosseous). Extramedullary plasmacytoma can affect any part of the body, but the most common sites of origin are the head and neck region. The involvement of pleura is very rare. Here, we are enlightening this rare presentation and making readers aware of the clinical presentation and management of this rare malignancy.

Фульминантный внематочный рецидив множественной миэломы с редким сердцем, сосудистым и многовизорным участием: отчет о деле.

Множественная миелома (ММ) — плазменная злокачественная клетка, которая, как правило, проходит длительный клинический курс. Внешняя болезнь (ЭМД) представляет собой агрессивное проявление MM с относительно низким уровнем заболеваемости, которое традиционно затрагивает кожу и мягкие ткани. В то время как MM, как правило, безжалостно прогрессирует, мощное развитие болезней, характеризующееся обширной многовизорной и сосудистой инфильтрацией, является исключительно редким явлением и редко документируется в медицинской литературе. Этот случай иллюстрирует 64-летнюю женщину, у которой были обнаруже

Integumentary System

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