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Rediscovering Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis (1818-1865).

Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis was a Hungarian obstetrician who discovered the cause of puerperal or childbed fever (CBF) in 1847 when he was a 29-year-old Chief Resident ("first assistant") in the first clinic of the lying-in division of the Vienna General Hospital. Childbed fever was then the leading cause of maternal mortality, and so ravaged lying-in hospitals that they often had to be closed. The maternal mortality rate (MMR) from CBF at the first clinic where Semmelweis worked, and where only medical students were taught, was 3 times greater than at the second clinic, where only midwives were

Psychopharmacologic treatment of pathologic aggression.

Several drugs are apparently effective in treating pathologic anger and aggression. Because many of the studies on aggressive populations al … s population. Anticonvulsant medications are the treatment of choice for patients with outbursts of rage and abnormal EEG findings. The efficacy of these drugs in patients without a seizure disorder, however, remains to be established, with the exception perhaps of valproate and carbamazepine. In fact, dyphenylhydantoin did not appear to be effective i …

[Clinical outcomes analysis of medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty via a short median incision approach for patients with concurrent severe patellar osteophyte hyperplasia].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the influence of severe patellar osteophyte hyperplasia on knee joint range of motion (ROM), and evaluate the clinical … patients completed postoperative follow-up, with a duration raging from 1.5 to 3.5 years with an average of (2.6±0.5) years. The ROM was measured at (94.76±3.15)° before surgery, (104.27±5.12)° following anesthesia, and (120.24 ±1.09)° after surgery. At the 3-month postoperative follow-up, the ROM was recorded as (120±0.00)°, and at the final follow-up …

[Study on mechanisms of "Huangqi-Shengdihuang-Shanyao" in treating type 2 diabetes based on network pharmacology and experimental verification].

This study aims to explore the mechanisms of "Huangqi(Astragali Radix)-Shengdihuang(Rehmanniae Radix)-Shanyao(Dioscoreae Rhizoma)" … aling pathway, and advanced glycation end-products/receptor for advanced glycation end-products(AGE/RAGE) signaling pathway. A total of 17 core proteins were obtained through the topology analyses of the PPI network. Low-, medium-, and high-dose HSS-containing serum had no significant effect on the proliferation of IR-HepG2 cells. HSS-containing serum …

Validity and responsiveness of EuroQol 5 dimension 5 level in the abortion care setting.

BACKGROUND: Utility preference scores are standardized generic health-related quality of life measures that quantify disease burden, severit … the very small range overall (effect size 0.145, standardized response mean 0.152) and in the small rage for participants with improvement in the depression scale (effect size 0.473, standardized response mean 0.465) and Perceived Stress Scale (effect size 0.337, standardized response mean 0.392) at 30 days, demonstrating responsiveness of the EQ-5D-5L …

An integrated strategy for deciphering the action mechanism of emplastrum: Prescription analysis- component identification- virtual screening and affinity testing in the case of Yaoshen Gao.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Emplastrum has a long history of use in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), valued … nylkaempferol, which act on six key targets, such as AKT1 and PIK3R1, to regulate the AKT/PI3K, AGE-RAGE, AR, VEGF, TGF-β, TNF and others signaling pathways. These pathways further modulate cellular proliferation, fibrosis, inflammation, and angiogenesis, thereby effectively contributing to the treatment of BPH.

A pyridoindole antioxidant SMe1EC2 regulates contractility, relaxation ability, cation channel activity, and protein-carbonyl modifications in the aorta of young and old rats with or without diabetes mellitus.

We studied the effects of treatment with SMe1EC, a hexahydropyridoindole antioxidant, on vascular reactivity, endothelial function, and oxid … lycosylation end-protein adducts), 4-HNE (4-hydroxy-nonenal-histidine), 3-NT (3-nitrotyrosine), and RAGEs (receptors for AGEs). The contractions of the aorta rings to phenylephrine (Phe) and KCL did not significantly change, but acetylcholine (ACh) and salbutamol relaxations were reduced in OC compared to YC rats. Diabetes induction increased Phe contr …

[Risk factors of postoperative complications in elderly patients with fragile hip fractures and their influence on postoperative mobility].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the risk factors for postoperative complications in elderly patients with fragile hip fractures and their impact on postoperative mobility, and to construct a risk prediction model. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the postoperative clinical data of 278 elderly patients diagnosed with fragility hip fractures, who received treatment between January 2019 and December 2024. Of these patients, 120 were male and 158 were female, aged from 63 to 82 with a mean age of (74.91±4.87) years old and an average bone mineral density (BMD) T uale was raging from -3.63…

Interoception in Practice: The Gut-Brain Connection.

Tony is a five and a half-year-old boy who has been a patient in your primary care practice since he was adopted at birth. He has been treat … the psychiatric service at age 3 years, behavioral problems included irritability with destructive rages, excessive fears, separation anxiety, hyperactivity, and impulsivity with a lack of awareness of danger to the extent that he required a safety harness when in public and security locks in the home because of repeated elopements. Tony also had at t …

[A case of pervasive developmental disorder with chromosomal translocation (X; 4) (p11; q13)].

INTRODUCTION: Chromosomal aberrations, with or without congenital physical abnormalities, have been frequently found associated with neurops … e first time. As an adolescent, he was more and more aggressive. He exhibited countless episodes of rage and verbal and physical aggressiveness. After he had completed secondary school, his way of life was chaotic. He got into the habit of staying away from home, sleeping in the day and vagabonding at night. He began to abuse alcohol. Grandiosity and p …

Bisphenol A exposure in myasthenia gravis: Potential targets and mechanisms revealed by network toxicology and molecular dynamics.

BACKGROUND: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a B-cell-mediated autoimmune disease characterized by impaired neuromuscular transmission. Although ge … ial regulation, muscle system processes, immune signaling, apoptosis, endocrine resistance, and AGE-RAGE signaling pathways.Four machine-learning algorithms identified cholinergic receptor nicotinic beta 1 subunit (CHRNB1), KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase (KRAS), phosphomannomutase 2 (PMM2), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) as candidate targets. Validation …

Assessment of equivalence of adipose tissue treatment with a noncontact field RF system delivering 200 W for 30 min and 300 W for 20 min: An in vivo porcine study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Abdominal circumferential reduction with noncontact high frequency apoptosis-inducing field RF (AiRF) is becoming very … ared with baseline with no levels outside of the normal range. Triglycerides were all within normal rage with no significant differences between the groups. Remarkably similar patterns were noted for the ELISAs in both groups performed over the 4 weeks of treatment and at periods during the 90-day follow-up with no notable abnormal changes in levels. S …

[Study on mechanism of Jiedu Huxin Formula protecting against heart failure caused by hypertension by regulating TGF-β1/p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway based on network pharmacology and experimental validation].

Using data mining methods, this study analyzed and summarized the medication patterns and detoxification therapies employed in TCM for treat … ignaling, diabetic complications involving advanced glycation end products(AGE) and their receptors(RAGE), and calcium signaling. Animal experimental results indicated that compared with the model group, low-and high-dose Jiedu Huxin Formula groups significantly increased LVEF and LVFS in model mice, reduced LVIDd, LVIDs, LVEDV, and LVESV, decreased NT …

[Clinical evaluation by MRI on the newborn infants with hypoglycemic brain damage].

OBJECTIVE: Severe and persistent hypoglycemia often leads to brain damage in neonatal period although precise definition of hypoglycemia rem … ifestations. Moreover, seizures recurred in 4 newborns when their blood glucoses remained in normal rage. The main types of seizure were focal and multifocal myoclonus. Intermittent widespread low voltage was seen in 2 cases by 24 hour-EEG. The first time of hypoglycemia was detected from 6 hours to 53 hours after birth in 5 cases, but 12 days in one c …

[Visceral lesions in mammals and birds exposed to agents of human cercarial dermatitis].

Over the past few years, the cercarial dermatitis has become a new problem of public health, obviously linked to the prolonged stay of migra … cases of cercarial dermatitis has increased from only ten to thousands in France and the affection rages in pools where limneids, migrating water birds and swimmers gather together. Fever, respiratory and/or digestive allergic symptoms appear in some cases. This clinical pattern has encouraged to undertake research on the future of these bilharzian la …

[Acting out and psychoactive substances: alcohol, drugs, illicit substances].

In humans, some psychotropic agents (alcohol, drugs, illicit substances) have been suggested to play a role in the occurrence of major behav … tween psychoactive substance use and occurrence of major behavioural disorders, such as paradoxical rage reactions and suicidal behaviour, based on a literature analysis. It consisted of reviewing reports of drug-induced violent reactions in healthy volunteers and demonstrating, where possible, a cause-effect relationship. Patients with schizophrenia a …

Louis Willems (1822-1907) and the immunization against contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. An evaluation.

Louis Willems's name is intimately linked with the history of prophylactic immunization in the nineteenth century. When he obtained his medical degree in 1849 contagious bovine pleuropneumonia or lung sickness was raging among the cattle population in most European countries. As the son of a cattle fattener Willems was confronted directly with the problem in his father's stables and decided to study the disease and to search for a remedy to combat it. The disease is caused by Mycoplasma mycoides and subspecies mycoides, but in the middle of the nineteenth century during the battle between the

Osteoclast Activation and Inflammatory Bone Diseases: Focusing on Receptors in Osteoclasts.

Bone homeostasis depends on the balance between osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. An increasing number of studies have revealed that under inflammatory conditions, osteoclast overactivation is responsible for bone loss in relevant bone diseases. Multiple signaling pathways such as receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) signaling are involved in osteoclast activation. These signaling pathways rely on various receptors expressed on the surface of osteoclast progenitor cells (OPCs) or osteoclasts, which are activated by their correspo

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… 95 , 96 Research by Steinle et al showed that the expression of RAGE and HMGB1 increased among patients with diabetes, and that inhibiting RAGE in an animal model of diabetes mellitus could relieve the inflammation and damage of blood vessels. 98 This suggests that RAGE and its interacting ligands are … osteoclast survival and activation. 100 Additionally, studies have found that RAGE-deficient osteoclasts show a decrease in αvβ3-integrin and NFATc-1, which are important for osteoclast adhesion and activation, respectively. 96 , 101 As RAGE can promote the activation of osteoclasts, targeting RAGE …

High mobility group box 1 induces bone pain associated with bone invasion in a mouse model of advanced head and neck cancer.

Advanced head and neck cancer (HNC) can invade facial bone and cause bone pain, thus posing a significant challenge to the quality of life of patients presenting with advanced HNC. The present study was designed to investigate HNC bone pain (HNC‑BP) in an intratibial mouse xenograft model that utilized an HNC cell line (SAS cells). These mice develop HNC‑BP that is associated with an expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 (pERK1/2), which is a molecular indicator of neuron excitation in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) sensory neurons. Our experiments demonstrated that the inhibition of high mobility gr

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… Fully reduced HMGB1 binds mainly to RAGE, and disulfide HMGB1 binds to TLR4 ( 37 ). RAGE signaling is suspected to promote the phosphorylation of ERK, which is a marker of sensory neuron activation ( 38 ). … In the in vivo experiment, the RAGE antagonist strongly suppressed HNC-BP compared to the TLR4 antagonist. Our results demonstrated that RAGE (and not TLR4) is critical for DRG excitation and HNC-BP. …

The progression of HMGB1-induced autophagy in cancer biology.

Autophagy is an important process of cellular degradation and has been proven to contribute to tumorigenesis. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an abundant nonhistone protein that has been widely reported to play a central role in the induction of autophagy. In nucleus, HMGB1 upregulates the expression of HSP27 to induce autophagy. In cytoplasm, the Beclin-1/PI3K-III complex can be activated by HMGB1 to promote autophagy. Extracellular HMGB1 binds to the receptor for advanced glycation end products to induce autophagy. Recent studies have shown that HMGB1-induced autophagy exerts multiple f

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… Abbreviations: HMGB1, high-mobility group box 1; RAGE, receptor for advanced glycation end products. … This effect was proved to be associated with RAGE and TLR4 receptors. HMGB1 could decrease the level of active mTOR via RAGE and active Beclin-1 through TLR4. …