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Cost-Effectiveness of Preemptive Plerixafor Versus Rescue Plerixafor for Mobilization and Collection of Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Patients With Multiple Myeloma and Lymphoma.

BackgroundPlerixafor combined with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has shown superior efficacy in mobilizing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). However, its widespread use is constrained by high costs, and there is ongoing debate regarding the effectiveness of mobilization strategies. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of preemptive versus rescue plerixafor in patients from the Brazilian Public Health Care System with multiple myeloma or lymphoma eligible for autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT).MethodsThis observational study assessed the costs and clinical outcome

Euthanasia as a safeguard for living: Anticipation and incurable cancer in a Colombian context.

This article builds on years of ethnographic conversations I sustained with my father, 89, who lives in Colombia. Soon after getting diagnosed with an incurable Multiple Myeloma-a cancer known for unleashing prolonged and painful agonies-he withdrew from oncology treatments and secured access to euthanasia (assisted-dying) on his own, bypassing medico-insurance guidelines created to regulate this medical practice and prevent abuses. Eight years after withdrawing treatments, my dad is still alive. His case shines a light on how securing access to euthanasia may have had unintended therapeutic e

Impact of the National Health Insurance Coverage Policy on the Utilisation and Accessibility of Innovative Anti-cancer Medicines in China: An Interrupted Time-Series Study.

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of the National Health Insurance Coverage (NHIC) policy on the utilisation and accessibility of innovative anti-cancer medicines in Nanjing, China. Methods: We used the adjusted World Health Organisation and Health Action International methodology to calculate the price and availability of 15 innovative anti-cancer medicines included in the National Health Insurance drug list in 20 tertiary hospitals and six secondary hospitals in Nanjing before and after NHIC policy implementation. Interrupted time-series regression was used to analyse the cha

Health Economic Aspects of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapies for Hematological Cancers: Present and Future.

Since 2018, 2 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies received approval from the European Medicine Agency, with list prices around 320 000 Euro (€) (EUR) per treatment. These high prices raise concerns for patient access and the sustainability of healthcare systems. We aimed to estimate the costs and budget impact associated with CAR T-cell therapies for current and future indications in hematological cancers from 2019 to 2029. We focused on the former France, Germany, Spain, Italy and the United Kingdom (EU-5) and the Netherlands. We conducted a review of list prices, health technolo

Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-Years for 29 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2016: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study.

IMPORTANCE: The increasing burden due to cancer and other noncommunicable diseases poses a threat to human development, which has resulted in global political commitments reflected in the Sustainable Development Goals as well as the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Action Plan on Non-Communicable Diseases. To determine if these commitments have resulted in improved cancer control, quantitative assessments of the cancer burden are required. OBJECTIVE: To assess the burden for 29 cancer groups over time to provide a framework for policy discussion, resource allocation, and research focus.

An analysis of discrepancies between United Kingdom cancer research funding and societal burden and a comparison to previous and United States values.

BackgroundIdeally, the allocation of research funding for each specific type of cancer should be proportional to its societal burden. This burden can be estimated with the metric 'years of life lost' (YLL), which combines overall mortality and age at death.MethodsUsing United Kingdom data from 2010, we compared research funding from the National Cancer Research Institute to this YLL burden metric for 26 types of cancers in order to identify the discrepancies between cancer research funding allocation and societal burden. We also compared these values to United States data from 2010 and United

Serial low doses of sorafenib enhance therapeutic efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy in a murine model by improving tumor microenvironment.

Requirements of large numbers of transferred T cells and various immunosuppressive factors and cells in the tumor microenvironment limit the applications of adoptive T cells therapy (ACT) in clinic. Accumulating evidences show that chemotherapeutic drugs could act as immune supportive instead of immunosuppressive agents when proper dosage is used, and combined with immunotherapy often results in better treatment outcomes than monotherapy. Controversial immunomodulation effects of sorafenib, a multi-kinases inhibitor, at high and low doses have been reported in several types of cancer. However,

Unveiling economic and humanistic burden of hematologic malignancies in Japan with personal health record data.

To characterize the economic and humanistic burden of patients with hematologic malignancies in Japan using real-world data. Patients with a claim record for a hematologic malignancy who responded to a survey regarding productivity loss and quality of life (QoL) were analyzed to assess their direct medical cost, productivity loss, and QoL along with their levels of comorbidity. This study identified a main cohort of 122 patients with a hematologic malignancy who responded to Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) and EQ-5D-5 L questionnaires. Median patient age was 54.5 years (range

Life's essential 8 and specific cancer risk and mortality in men and women: a population-based cohort analysis of 332,417 United Kingdom participants.

BackgroundThis study aimed to explore the association between Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and the risk of cancer occurrence and cancer-associated mortality across 24 cancer types. The cardiovascular health (CVH) score is constructed based on the overall LE8 score, providing a more direct measure of CVH and its potential relationship with cancer risk.MethodsThis cohort enrolled participants from a prospective cohort of the United Kingdom Biobank, including individuals aged 37-73 years, with 332,417 cancer-free participants. CVH scores were assessed using the LE8 metrics. The primary outcome of thi

Hypercalcemia of Malignancy: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications of Concurrently Elevated PTHrP and Calcitriol.

ContextAlthough initially considered rare and associated with solid tumors, concurrent elevations in PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) and calcitriol have been increasingly detected in hypercalcemic patients with a variety of solid and hematologic malignancies. This review discusses the prevalence and pathophysiology and reevaluates the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of PTHrP and calcitriol co-mediated hypercalcemia of malignancy (HCM).Evidence acquisitionWe searched PubMed using multiple combinations of "hypercalcemia of malignancy," PTHrP," "calcitriol," "combined causes," and "concurrent

Societal Versus Healthcare Perspectives on the Cost Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab for Treatment of Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis in Aotearoa New Zealand.

OBJECTIVES: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive, degenerative, autoimmune neuronal disease. This study compares the impact of a societal versus a healthcare perspective on the cost effectiveness of treatment of primary progressive MS (PPMS) with ocrelizumab (OCR) versus best supportive care (BSC) in New Zealand. METHODS: The analysis utilises a lifetime cohort Markov model based on ten Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) states, plus death. It has two structurally identical arms, with forward transition probabilities in the treatment arm obtained by multiplying forward transition pro

The BE (2)-M17 neuroblastoma cell line: revealing its potential as a cellular model for Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease is a pathology with a wide range of in vivo and in vitro models available. Among these, the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line is one of the most employed. This model expresses catecholaminergic markers and can differentiate and acquire various neuronal phenotypes. However, challenges persist, primarily concerning the variability of growth media, expression of dopaminergic markers, and a wide variety of differentiation protocols have been reported in the literature without direct comparison between them. This lack of standardized differentiation conditions impacts result repro

Future Costs in Cost-Effectiveness Analyses: Past, Present, Future.

There has been considerable debate on the extent to which future costs should be included in cost-effectiveness analyses of health technologies. In this article, we summarize the theoretical debates and empirical research in this area and highlight the conclusions that can be drawn for current practice. For future related and future unrelated medical costs, the literature suggests that inclusion is required to obtain optimal outcomes from available resources. This conclusion does not depend on the perspective adopted by the decision maker. Future non-medical costs are only relevant when adopti

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… Taxes and subsidies for improving diet and population health in Australia: a cost-effectiveness modelling study. PLoS Med. 2017;14(2):e1002232. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002232. 32. van Baal PH, et al. …

Targeting Bone Metastases in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Skeletal involvement in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is common and results in significant morbidity and mortality. The interaction of prostate cancer with the bone microenvironment contributes to progression of cancer in the bone leading to skeletal-related events (SREs). Studies aimed at targeting the bone have been carried out over the recent years. Bisphosphonates are synthetic pyrophosphate analogs first investigated for their role in SRE prevention with zoledronic acid as the main bisphosphonate that is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for retardati

61st Annual Conference of Indian Society of Gastroenterology, Virtual Diamond Jubilee ISGCON 2020, 19-20th December 2020.

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Personalized Lifestyle Interventions for Prevention and Treatment of Obesity-Related Cancers: A Call to Action.

The increasing global burden of cancer necessitates innovative approaches to prevention and treatment. Lifestyle factors such as diet, physical activity, and smoking significantly contribute to cancer. At the same time, current guidelines are based on a one-size-fits-all approach, which limits their effectiveness across diverse populations. Obesity is a well-documented risk factor for cancer, directly affecting 13 types of cancer. The complex interplay of genetic, metabolic, hormonal, and environmental factors in obesity's etiology highlights the need for more tailored approaches to obesity-re

Cured but not well - haematological cancer survivors' experiences of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in everyday life: a phenomenological-hermeneutic study.

PurposeTo explore haematological cancer survivors' experience of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in everyday life.MethodsData were generated by means of individual semi-structured interviews with 12 haematological cancer survivors who experience CIPN after completion of treatment. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThe thematic analysis yielded an in-depth description of the experience of CIPN symptoms and the influence of the symptoms on everyday life as being unwell despite being cured. Four main themes emerged from the analysis: (1) A diffuse and contradicto

Fear of cancer recurrence and associated factors in family caregivers of patients with hematologic malignancy receiving chemotherapy: A latent profile analysis.

ObjectiveThis study identified the potential subgroups of fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) in family caregivers (FCs) of patients with hematologic malignancies receiving chemotherapy, as well as exploring factors associated with subgroups.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study involving 206 pairs of participating patients with hematologic malignancies receiving chemotherapy and their FCs. Using Mplus 8.3 to perform the latent profile analysis of FCs' FCR, the FCs' burden, quality of life, psychological resilience, and anxiety as well as their demographic characteristics were compared between t

Does Therapeutic Repurposing in Cancer Meet the Expectations of Having Drugs at a Lower Price?

Therapeutic repurposing emerged as an alternative to the traditional drug discovery and development model (DDD) of new molecular entities (NMEs). It was anticipated that by being faster, safer, and cheaper, the development would result in lower-cost drugs. As defined in this work, a repurposed cancer drug is one approved by a health regulatory authority against a non-cancer indication that then gains new approval for cancer. With this definition, only three drugs are repurposed for cancer: Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine (superficial bladder cancer, thalidomide [multiple myeloma], and p

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… Large pharmaceutical companies can donate part of their profits to transparent international public funds created (not to their own foundations to deduct taxes, nor to the large philanthrocapitalist organizations with hidden interests). …

Routes to cancer diagnosis for patients with pre-existing psychiatric disorders: a nationwide register-based cohort study.

BackgroundPoor cancer prognosis has been observed in patients with pre-existing psychiatric disorders. Therefore, we need better knowledge about the diagnosis of cancer in this patient group. The aim of the study was to describe the routes to cancer diagnosis in patients with pre-existing psychiatric disorders and to analyse how cancer type modified the routes.MethodsA register-based cohort study was conducted by including patients diagnosed with incident cancer in 2014-2018 (n = 155,851). Information on pre-existing psychiatric disorders was obtained from register data on hospital contacts an