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RU 38486 inhibits intracellular calcium mobilization and PGI2 release from human myometrium: mechanisms of action.

We previously demonstrated that the antiprogestogen RU 486, when superfused on myometrial strips, induces a rapid decrease in spontaneous uterine contractile frequency, an increase in amplitude and duration of contractions, and a concomitant decrease in 6-keto PGF(1alpha) release. In this study, we present further work on the role of calcium transients and the involvement of the PLC/PKC pathway in mediating RU 486 effects. We found no clear causal relationship between the spontaneous contractility controlled by external Ca++ concentration and 6-keto PGF(1alpha) release depending mostly on intr

Amphora Coffeaeformis Extract as a Novel Therapeutic Agent against Gamma Radiation-Induced Infertility in Male Rats.

Gamma irradiation is a well-established environmental and therapeutic hazard known to impair male reproductive function through oxidative st … s, while the amount of phenolic compounds (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) amounted to 370.5 mg/100 g (as gallic acid), and the total flavonoids amounted to 32.8 mg/100 g (as quercetin). The ACE radical-scavenging activity against DPPH was considerable and dose-dependent, reaching 85.00 ± 0.84% at a concentration of 2.5 mg/ml with IC50 of (1.50 mg/ml). Together, th …

Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Prepared from Camellia Sinensis Extracts in Multi-Drug Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The nano-method has been used as a technique for creating novel, non-traditional antimicrobial agents. This effective metho … les that may be single or combined. The HPLC results showed the presence of two phenolic compounds (gallic acid and caffeine) by comparing their retention durations to those of the reference compounds. The results of the antibacterial activity of (CAgNPs) showed that the methanolic (CAgNPs) extract was more effective than the aqueous (CAgNPs) extract, produci …

Hydroethanolic extract of the inner stem bark of Cedrela odorata has low toxicity and reduces hyperglycemia induced by an overload of sucrose and glucose.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Cedrela odorata L. (Meliaceae) is a native plant of the Amazon region and its inner stem bark is used in the … d when compared to diabetic control rats. HPLC analysis showed the presence of polyphenols, such as gallic acid, (-)- gallocatechin and (+)- catechin, the latter is present in higher quantity. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these data showed that HeECo could blunt the postprandial glycemic surge in rats; possibly through inhibition of alpha-glucosidase and posit …

Human hepatitis C virus NS5A protein alters intracellular calcium levels, induces oxidative stress, and activates STAT-3 and NF-kappa B.

The nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) encoded by the human hepatitis C virus RNA genome is shown here to induce the activation of NF-kappaB and STAT-3 transcription factors from its cytoplasmic residence via oxidative stress. NS5A causes the disturbance of intracellular calcium. Ca2+ signaling triggers the elevation of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria, leading to the translocation of NF-kappaB and STAT-3 into the nucleus. Evidence is presented for the constitutive activation of STAT-3 by NS5A. In the presence of antioxidants [pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), N-acetyl l-cysteine (NAC)]

Chang-Kang-Fang alleviates diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) through inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Chang-Kang-Fang (CKF), originated from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas, has been utilized to tre … R experiments in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, coptisine, berberine, hyperoside, epicatechin, and gallic acid present in CKF emerged as potential active components for treating IBS-D, as they demonstrated in vitro anti-inflammatory effects. CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrate that CKF effectively improves the symptoms of IBS-D rats, potentially through th …

Mechanism of prostaglandin E2-stimulated heat shock protein 27 induction in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells.

We investigated the effect of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on the induction of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) and HSP70, and the mechanism behind the induction in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. PGE2 time-dependently increased the level of HSP27 without affecting the level of HSP70. PGE2 stimulated the accumulation of HSP27 dose-dependently in the range between 10 nM and 10 microM. PGE2 stimulated the increase in the level of the mRNA for HSP27. Staurosporine and calphostin C, inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC), suppressed the PGE2-induced HSP27 accumulation. The effect of PGE2 on HSP27 accumulati

The sustainable conversion of floral waste into natural snake repellent and docking studies for antiophidic activity.

Snakes play an important role as predators, prey, ecosystem regulators and in advancing the human economy and pharmaceutical industries by p … several gases during floral waste degradation, including ammonia, sulphur, manganese, selenium, and gallic acid due to bacterial growth like Proteus, Bacillus, Streptococcus, etc. We assumed to convert these gases into liquid form using Linde's technique which may repel snakes. Further, molecular docking studies were performed on snake venom toxins (Phospholi …

Leonurine protects cardiac function following acute myocardial infarction through anti‑apoptosis by the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway.

Leonurine is a compound derived from Herba leonuri, which has been reported to protect cardiac tissue against ischemic injury via antioxidant and anti‑apoptosis effects. The present study investigated whether these effects may be applied to acute myocardial infarction (MI) and examined the underlying mechanisms of leonurine treatment. A rat model of MI was induced by coronary artery ligation. Leonurine was administered at 15 mg/kg/day by oral gavage following the onset of MI. Rats in the sham group and the saline group were administered with an equal volume of saline. Echocardiography, Masson'

Anti-arthritic activity of 11-O-(4'-O-methyl galloyl)-bergenin and Crassula capitella extract in rats.

OBJECTIVES: Isolation and identification of phytochemicals of Crassula capitella (Thunberg), evaluation of the anti-arthritic potential of the extract and the major isolated compound; 11-O-(4'-O-methyl galloyl)-bergenin and underlying their mechanism on rat model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Different fractions were subjected to column chromatography giving fourteen compound identified by mass and NMR spectroscopic techniques. RA was induced by intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant into the right hind paw of rats. Influence of tested samples in comparable to methotrex

Небиториальное воздействие сафронных соединений на множественный склероз: молекулярная стыковка и динамика, повышение свойств с помощью золотых наночастиц и оценка антиоксидантных, антибактериальных, цитотоксичных свойств.

Уникальные свойства наночастиц, такие, как их небольшой размер и способность пересечь мозговой барьер, делают их хорошо пригодными для целевой доставки наркотиков в центральную нервную систему. Текущие исследования направлены на разработку новаторских методов лечения наночастиц от неврологического расстройства; множественного склероза (МС). В исследовании было подтверждено, что зеленый синтез является оптимальным методом производства экологически безопасных соединений. Наночастицы характеризовались инфракрасной спектроскопией Фурье (FT-IR), диффузией рентгеновского порошка (XRD) и микроскопией

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… Fig. 14 MD analysis of (blue) TNF, (green) Chlorogenic acid, (red) HTCC, and (yellow) Gallic acid. Fig. 14 Fig. 15 H-Bond of (blue) TNF, (green) Chlorogenic acid, (red) HTCC, and (yellow) Gallic acid. … Fig. 19 MD analysis of (blue) TNF, (green) Chlorogenic acid, (red) HTCC, and (yellow) Gallic acid. H-Bond of (blue) TNF, (green) Chlorogenic acid, (red) HTCC, and (yellow) Gallic acid. …

Cooperation in signal transduction of extracellular guanosine 5' triphosphate and nerve growth factor in neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells.

Guanosine 5' triphosphate (GTP), acting synergistically with the nerve growth factor (NGF), enhances the proportion of neurite-bearing cells in cultures of PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells. We studied the transduction mechanisms activated by GTP in PC12 cells and found that addition of GTP (100 microM) increased intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in cells that were between 60 and 70% confluent. Addition of GTP also enhanced activation of NGF-induced extracellular regulated kinases (ERKs) and induced Ca(2+) mobilization. This mobilization, due to the activation of voltage-sensitiv

Shenhuang Granules regulate the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway to alleviate pyroptosis of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Shenhuang Granules (SHG) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula composed of six medicinal materials … on and puncture (CLP), with SHG (61.85 mg/mouse/d), its monomers, (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) and gallic acid (GA) (20 mg/kg/d), or the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 (10 mg/kg/d), were administered via intraperitoneal injection for 3 days prior to modeling. Lung injury severity and activation of the pyroptosis pathway were evaluated using histopathology, transmiss …

A case of recto-sigmoid endometriosis mimicking carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the technical success, safety and outcome of endovascular coiling procedure in intracranial aneurysms. METHODS: From April 2003 to April 2009, 43 patients (23 males and 20 females), age range 11 to 70 years, mean age 46.67 +/- 11.57 years were treated for intracranial aneurysms by detachable coil deployment at Radiology Department of Aga Khan University Hospital. Aneurysm rupture with subarachnoid haemorrhage was the cause of presentation in 39 patients while 4 patients were diagnosed with un-ruptured aneurysms. At time of presentation, grading of subarachnoid haemorrha

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… QE, quercetin equivalent; GAE, gallic acid equivalent; ND, not detected. … QE, quercetin equivalent; GAE, gallic acid equivalent; ND, not detected. …

Mechanism of interleukin-13 production by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-dependent macrophages via protease-activated receptor-2.

BACKGROUND: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) promotes classically activated M1 macrophages. GM-CSF upregulates protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) protein expression and activation of PAR-2 by human neutrophil elastase (HNE) regulates cytokine production. AIM: This study investigated the mechanism of PAR-2-mediated interleukin (IL)-13 production by GM-CSF-dependent macrophages stimulated with HNE. METHODS: Adherent macrophages were obtained from primary cultures of human mononuclear cells. After stimulation with HNE to activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase/

Association between systemic immune-inflammation indexes and Nuodikang capsule's protection in LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice.

BACKGROUND: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a prevalent clinical syndrome characterized by respiratory distress and progressive hypoxemia, which … K were identified overall, which cover anti-inflammatory compounds such as salidroside, tyrosol and gallic acid. The results from WBP indicated that NDK intervention significantly ameliorated the aberrant changes in respiratory frequency (RF), minute volume (Mv), enhanced pause (Penh), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) observed in ALI mice, thereby improving the …

From laboratory to clinic: opportunities and challenges of functional food active ingredients in cancer therapy.

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the potential of functional food active ingredients in cancer prevention and therapy. It outlines the multifaceted anticancer mechanisms of bioactive compounds-such as polyphenols, carotenoids, omega-3 fatty acids, phytosterols, alkaloids, isothiocyanates, polysaccharides, phenolic acids, flavonols, and amide-bearing compounds-which include antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, induction of apoptosis and autophagy, modulation of the tumor microenvironment, interference with cell cycle regulation and signaling pathways, and regulation of

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… Gallic acid affects complex miRNA regulatory networks. Recent RNA-sequencing analysis revealed 13 upstream miRNAs in gallic acid's therapeutic network in cervical cancer, with regulatory networks involving lncRNA/circRNA–miRNA–mRNA pathways targeting genes such as CDC20, DLGAP5, and KIF20A ( 158 ). … In colorectal cancer, low-dose gallic acid ( ≤ 100 μM) reduces invasiveness through specific miRNA regulation without inducing cell death ( 159 ). Chlorogenic acid induces cancer differentiation through coordinated miRNA regulation. …

Predicting and Quantifying Antagonistic Effects of Natural Compounds Given with Chemotherapeutic Agents: Applications for High-Throughput Screening.

Natural products have been used for centuries to treat various human ailments. In recent decades, multi-drug combinations that utilize natural products to synergistically enhance the therapeutic effects of cancer drugs have been identified and have shown success in improving treatment outcomes. While drug synergy research is a burgeoning field, there are disagreements on the definitions and mathematical parameters that prevent the standardization and proper usage of the terms synergy, antagonism, and additivity. This contributes to the relatively small amount of data on the antagonistic effect

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… Tannic Acid, Gallic Acid, Caffeic Acid Tannic acid, gallic acid, and caffeic acid are natural phenolic compounds present in a wide variety of grains, fruits, vegetables, and beverages, including coffee, wine, tea, berries, and herbs, along with many additional sources. … The CI values at ED–90 for tannic acid, gallic acid, and caffeic acid, respectively, were 27.24, 6.94, and 4.97 for MC/CAR, 6.70, 3.08, and 4.22 for U266, and 11.39, 3.34, and 8.54 for RPMI/8226 [ 36 ]. 4. …

Effect of SNI-2011 on amylase secretion from parotid tissue in rats and in neuronal nitric oxide synthase knockout mice.

The effect of (+/-)cis-2-methylspilo(1,3-oxathiolane-5,3')quinuclidine (SNI-2011) on the secretory pathway of amylase in parotid tissues was investigated. SNI-2011-induced exocytosis was inhibited by a cell-permeable Ca(2+) chelator or inhibitors of calmodulin kinase II, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), soluble guanyl cyclase, cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), and myosin light chain kinase, suggesting that these enzymes were coupled with the exocytosis. Stimulation with SNI-2011 of isolated rat parotid acinar cells loaded with 4,5-diaminofluorescein/diacetate (DAF-2/DA) induced

The metabolites from traditional Chinese medicine targeting ferroptosis for cancer therapy.

Cancer is a major disease with ever-increasing morbidity and mortality. The metabolites derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have played a significant role in combating cancers with curative efficacy and unique advantages. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent programmed death characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxide, stands out from the conventional forms of cell death, such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. Recent evidence has demonstrated the potential of TCM metabolites targeting ferroptosis for cancer therapy. We collected and screened related articles publ

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… Gallic acid (GA), a natural polyhydroxy phenolic metabolite, is identified in various edible mushrooms, fruits, and vegetables. … Gallic acid triggers iron-dependent cell death with apoptotic, ferroptotic, and necroptotic features. Toxins (Basel) 11 (9), 492. 10.3390/toxins11090492 Tsai Y., Xia C., Sun Z. (2020). …