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Polyphenols as Antitumor Agents Targeting Key Players in Cancer-Driving Signaling Pathways.

Polyphenols constitute an important group of natural products that are traditionally associated with a wide range of bioactivities. These are usually found in low concentrations in natural products and are now available in nutraceuticals or dietary supplements. A group of polyphenols that include apigenin, quercetin, curcumin, resveratrol, EGCG, and kaempferol have been shown to regulate signaling pathways that are central for cancer development, progression, and metastasis. Here, we describe novel mechanistic insights on the effect of this group of polyphenols on key elements of the signaling

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… Other mechanisms involve epigenetic regulation; gallic acid inhibits DNMT1 activity through the negative regulation of p-Akt, reducing the nuclear import and stability of DNMT1. … Flavan-3-ols are found either in free form or as gallic acid esters in different food sources such as apples, black tea, green tea, dark chocolate, and red wine ( Rothwell et al., 2013 ). …

Antibiotics: Conventional Therapy and Natural Compounds with Antibacterial Activity-A Pharmaco-Toxicological Screening.

Antibiotics are considered as a cornerstone of modern medicine and their discovery offers the resolution to the infectious diseases problem. However, the excessive use of antibiotics worldwide has generated a critical public health issue and the bacterial resistance correlated with antibiotics inefficiency is still unsolved. Finding novel therapeutic approaches to overcome bacterial resistance is imperative, and natural compounds with antibacterial effects could be considered a promising option. The role played by antibiotics in tumorigenesis and their interrelation with the microbiota are sti

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… This category includes caffeic acid, gallic acid and ferulic acid. In a comparative study between caffeic acid and ampicillin, it was observed that caffeic acid exhibited a more pronounced antibacterial activity on S. aureus and E. coli species [ 115 ]. … As for gallic acid, it is a polyphenol with intense antibacterial activity, especially on Campylobacter species [ 116 ]. The antibacterial activity of gallic acid is due to its ability to impair the structure of the cell wall, causing the loss of cellular material [ 117 ]. 5.2. …

Antioxidant and Antiproliferation Activities of Lemon Verbena (Aloysia citrodora): An In Vitro and In Vivo Study.

Aloysia citrodora (Verbenaceae) is traditionally used to treat various diseases, including bronchitis, insomnia, anxiety, digestive, and heart problems. In this study, this plant's antioxidant and anti-proliferation effects were evaluated. In addition to volatiles extraction, different solvent extracts were prepared. The GC-MS, LC-MS analysis and the Foline-Ciocalteu (F-C) method were used to investigate the phytochemical components of the plant. MTT assay was used to measure the antiproliferative ability for each extract. Antioxidant activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazy

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… Determination of Total Phenolic Content (TPC) Ethanol extract revealed the highest gallic acid equivalent amount (GAE) with a value of 117.13 mg/g, followed by ethyl acetate extract with 73.44 mg/g. in comparison, water extract revealed the lowest phenolic amount (GAE) with a value of 66.6 mg/g ( Figure … Gallic acid (GA) gave the calibration curve standard, using five serial dilutions (100, 50, 25, 12.5, and 6.125 μg/mL). Each reading was done in triplicate, and methanol was the blank. Total phenol content was valued as gallic acid equivalent in mg for each gm of the extract (GAE). 4.4. …

Progress of Cancer Nanotechnology as Diagnostics, Therapeutics, and Theranostics Nanomedicine: Preclinical Promise and Translational Challenges.

Early detection, right therapeutic intervention, and simultaneous effectiveness mapping are considered the critical factors in successful cancer therapy. Nevertheless, these factors experience the limitations of conventional cancer diagnostics and therapeutics delivery approaches. Along with providing the targeted therapeutics delivery, advances in nanomedicines have allowed the combination of therapy and diagnostics in a single system (called cancer theranostics). This paper discusses the progress in the pre-clinical and clinical development of therapeutics, diagnostics, and theranostics canc

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… . | 99 m Tc-doxorubicin-loaded gallic acid-gold nanoparticles ( 99 m Tc-DOX-GA-Au-NPs) | Theranostics | -GA-Au-NPs exhibited increased anti-proliferative activity, with approximately a four-fold lower IC 50 value compared to free DOX. The optimized radiolabeling efficiency of 99 m Tc-DOX was ≈93%. … El-Ghareb W.I., Swidan M.M., Ibrahim I.T., Abd El-Bary A., Tadros M.I., Sakr T.M. 99mTc-Doxorubicin-loaded gallic acid-gold nanoparticles (99mTc-DOX-loaded GA-Au NPs) as a multifunctional theranostic agent. Int. J. Pharm. 2020;586:119514. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119514. 13. …

Angioprevention of Urologic Cancers by Plant-Derived Foods.

The number of cancer cases worldwide keeps growing unstoppably, despite the undeniable advances achieved by basic research and clinical practice. Urologic tumors, including some as prevalent as prostate, bladder or kidney tumors, are no exceptions to this rule. Moreover, the fact that many of these tumors are detected in early stages lengthens the duration of their treatment, with a significant increase in health care costs. In this scenario, prevention offers the most cost-effective long-term strategy for the global control of these diseases. Although specialized diets are not the only way to

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… Punicalagin and gallic acid ( Figure 7 ), present in pomegranates have also shown interesting antiangiogenic properties. … Additionally, gallic acid decreases tube formation in normal brain endothelial cells [ 251 ] and in HUVECs incubated in presence of ovarian tumor cells conditioned medium. …

Polyphenols bind G4-Quadruplex structures and act as epigenetic modifiers with anti-cancer effects.

G4-quadruplexes (G4s) are non-canonical structures of nucleic acids that develop in guanine rich regions of DNA and RNA. Due to their presence in oncogenic promoters and telomeres, G4s represent attractive targets in anticancer drug designs. G4s have also been the subject of recent research regarding their role as epigenetic modulators, supporting their participation in epigenetic processes that control gene expression. The development of small compounds that preferentially target G4s have led to a better understanding of how G4s control these mechanisms. Natural products have greatly contribu

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… Recent developments of gallic acid derivatives and their hybrids in medicinal chemistry: A review. Eur J Med Chem. 2020;204:112609. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112609. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112609 . 4. Anand David AV, Arulmoli R, Parasuraman S. … Gallic Acid: A Natural Phenolic Compound Exerting Antitumoral Activities in Colorectal Cancer via Interaction with G-Quadruplexes. Cancers (Basel) 2022;14(11):2648. doi: 10.3390/cancers14112648.. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14112648. 152. …

Action of Phytochemicals on Insulin Signaling Pathways Accelerating Glucose Transporter (GLUT4) Protein Translocation.

Diabetes is associated with obesity, generally accompanied by a chronic state of oxidative stress and redox imbalances which are implicated in the progression of micro- and macro-complications like heart disease, stroke, dementia, cancer, kidney failure and blindness. All these complications rise primarily due to consistent high blood glucose levels. Insulin and glucagon help to maintain the homeostasis of glucose and lipids through signaling cascades. Pancreatic hormones stimulate translocation of the glucose transporter isoform 4 (GLUT4) from an intracellular location to the cell surface and

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… Gallic acid decreases blood glucose in diabetic rats [ 32 ] and also enhances glucose uptake through the compartmentalization of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane in adipocytes, isolated from STZ-treated rats [ 73 ]. … Insulin-secretagogue, antihyperlipidemic and other protective effects of gallic acid isolated from Terminalia bellerica Roxb. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats Chem. Biol. Interact. 2011 189 112 118 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.11.005 21078310 33. Prabhakar P.K. Doble M. …

Polyphenols: Chemoprevention and therapeutic potentials in hematological malignancies.

Polyphenols are one of the largest plant-derived natural product and they play an important role in plants' defense as well as in human health and disease. A number of them are pleiotropic molecules and have been shown to regulate signaling pathways, immune response and cell growth and proliferation which all play a role in cancer development. Hematological malignancies on the other hand, are cancers of the blood. While current therapies are efficacious, they are usually expensive and with unwanted side effects. Thus, the search for newer less toxic agents. Polyphenols have been reported to po

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… Gallic acid targets acute myeloid leukemia via Akt/mTOR-dependent mitochondrial respiration inhibition. Biomed Pharmacother. (2018) 105:491–7. 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.158 90. Sourani Z, Pourgheysari B, Beshkar P, Shirzad H, Shirzad M. … Gallic acid inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in lymphoblastic leukemia cell line (C121). Iran J Med Sci. (2016) 41:525–30. 91. Bellavia D, Caradonna F, Dico E, Costa V, Carina V, De Luca A, et al. Non-flavonoid polyphenols in osteoporosis: preclinical evidence. …

Advances in Molecular Regulation of Prostate Cancer Cells by Top Natural Products of Malaysia.

Prostate cancer (PCa) remains both a global health burden and a scientific challenge. We present a review of the molecular targets driving current drug discovery to fight this disease. Moreover, the preventable nature of most PCa cases represents an opportunity for phytochemicals as chemopreventive when adequately integrated into nutritional interventions. With a renovated interest in natural remedies as a commodity and their essential role in cancer drug discovery, Malaysia is looking towards capitalizing on its mega biodiversity, which includes the oldest rainforest in the world and an estim

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… Moreover, the presence of certain phytochemicals such as flavanols (catechin and epigallocatechin), phenolic acids (gallic acid, coumaric acid), flavanols (quercetin, myricetin), and phytoestrogens indicate that the use of this plant could be expanded for other pharmacological applications [ 268 ]. … Gallic acid is identified as the major anticancer compound in Toona sinensis leaf extract. Studies conducted using this extract have shown that gallic acid is cytotoxic against DU145 prostate cancer cells by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). …

Autophagic mechanisms in longevity intervention: role of natural active compounds.

The term 'autophagy' literally translates to 'self-eating' and alterations to autophagy have been identified as one of the several molecular changes that occur with aging in a variety of species. Autophagy and aging, have a complicated and multifaceted relationship that has recently come to light thanks to breakthroughs in our understanding of the various substrates of autophagy on tissue homoeostasis. Several studies have been conducted to reveal the relationship between autophagy and age-related diseases. The present review looks at a few new aspects of autophagy and speculates on how they m

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… Different groups of natural compounds including berberine, tanshinone IIA, oridanin, hesperidin, icariin, luteolin, nobiletin, puerarin, melatonin, hinokitiol, thymoquinone, gallic acid, spermidine, curcumin, allicin, resveratrol, ginsenoside Rg3, cucurbitacin B were reported to display cardioprotective … acid | in vivo | Transverse aortic constrictio (TAC)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure | Autophagy induction | Inhibits Akt, ERK1/2, ULK1 | (Ref. 192 ) Polyamines | Spermidine | in vivo | High-salt-induced congestive heart failure | Autophagy induction | Enhances autophagic flux | (Ref. …

Chromatin modifiers in human disease: from functional roles to regulatory mechanisms.

The field of transcriptional regulation has revealed the vital role of chromatin modifiers in human diseases from the beginning of functional exploration to the process of participating in many types of disease regulatory mechanisms. Chromatin modifiers are a class of enzymes that can catalyze the chemical conversion of pyrimidine residues or amino acid residues, including histone modifiers, DNA methyltransferases, and chromatin remodeling complexes. Chromatin modifiers assist in the formation of transcriptional regulatory circuits between transcription factors, enhancers, and promoters by reg

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… In this regard, Gallic acid, Resveratrol, Clinacanthus nutan, Andrographolide, ligistin, Wogonin, and Triptolide have been identified as potential candidates for inhibiting their target chromatin modifiers [ 206 – 212 ]. … acid | P300 | Inhibits CaMKII, ANP, and BNP | Relieves hypertension by alleviating P53-dependent apoptosis | spontaneously hypertensive rats | [ 206 ] Givinostat (ITF2357) | pan-HDAC inhibitor | Inhibition of gene expression associated with EndMT mechanism | Relieves myocardial fibrosis and inflammation …

Drug Delivery Approaches for the Treatment of Cervical Cancer.

Cervical cancer is a highly prevalent cancer that affects women around the world. With the availability of new technologies, researchers have increased their efforts to develop new drug delivery systems in cervical cancer chemotherapy. In this review, we summarized some of the recent research in systematic and localized drug delivery systems and compared the advantages and disadvantages of these methods.

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… When conjugated to gallic acid, AuNPs exhibited cytotoxicity in both Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) negative C33A cervical cancer cells and HPV type 16-positive (CaSki) or HPV type 18-positive (HeLa) cervical cancer cells, but not in normal cells in vitro [ 48 ]. … Gallic acid enhancement of gold nanoparticle anticancer activity in cervical cancer cells Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev. 2015 16 169 174 10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.1.169 25640346 49. Tomoaia G. Horovitz O. Mocanu A. Nita A. Avram A. Racz C.P. Soritau O. Cenariu M. Tomoaia-Cotisel M. …

Computational study of SENP1 in cancer by novel natural compounds and ZINC database screening.

Introduction: Sentrin-specific protease 1 (SENP1) is a protein whose main function is deSUMOylation. SENP1 inhibits apoptosis, and increases angiogenesis, estrogen and androgen receptor transcription and c-Jun transcription factor, proliferation, growth, cell migration, and invasion of cancer. The in vivo and in vitro studies also demonstrated which natural compounds, especially phytochemicals, minerals, and vitamins, prevent cancer. More than 3,000 plant species have been reported in modern medicine. Natural compounds have many anti-cancerous andanti-turmeric properties such as antioxidative,

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… We also represented gallic acid can potentially inhibit SENP1 for cancer treatment ( Taghvaei et al., 2021b ), bethanidine can inhibit SENP1 for cardiovascular disease treatment ( Taghvaei et al., 2021c ), and betanin can prevent SENP2 in heart failure ( Taghvaei et al., 2022 ). … Gallic acid, a major component of Toona sinensis leaf extracts, contains a ROS-mediated anti-cancer activity in human prostate cancer cells . Cancer Lett. 286 ( 2 ), 161 – 171 . 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.05.040 19589639 Chen Y. Wen D. Huang Z. Huang M. Luo Y. …

Dietary factors and their influence on immunotherapy strategies in oncology: a comprehensive review.

Immunotherapy is emerging as a promising avenue in oncology, gaining increasing importance and offering substantial advantages when compared to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. However, in the context of immunotherapy, there is the potential for the immune system to either support or hinder the administered treatment. This review encompasses recent and pivotal studies that assess the influence of dietary elements, including vitamins, fatty acids, nutrients, small dietary molecules, dietary patterns, and caloric restriction, on the ability to modulate immune responses. Furthermore, the article und

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… Each compound, including ANTH (anthocyanin), API (apigenin), BAC (baicalein), CAPE (caffeic acid phenethyl ester), C3G (cyanidin-3-O-glucoside), CUR (curcumin), D3G (delphinidin-3-O-glucoside), EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate), EMOD (emodin), GA (gallic acid), ICA (icaritin), LUT (luteolin), PIC (piceatannol … Gallic acid (GA), a phenolic acid, inhibits the PI3K/AKT pathway, upregulating p53 and miR-34a, which suppresses PD-L1 expression [ 147 ]. …

An Overview of Polymeric Nanoparticles-Based Drug Delivery System in Cancer Treatment.

Cancer is recognized as one of the world's deadliest diseases, with more than 10 million new cases each year. Over the past 2 decades, several studies have been performed on cancer to pursue solutions for effective treatment. One of the vital benefits of utilizing nanoparticles (NPs) in cancer treatment is their high adaptability for modification and amalgamation of different physicochemical properties to boost their anti-cancer activity. Various nanomaterials have been designed as nanocarriers attributing nontoxic and biocompatible drug delivery systems with improved bioactivity. The present

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… acid | 42 Inorganic nanoparticles 7. | Au Nanoparticle Au-SMCC-DOX | – | Enhanced cytotoxicity to cancer cell | Liver cancer cell line (HepG2 & HepG2-R) | Doxorubicin | 43 8. | Carbon Nanotube (DTX-CNTP-Tf) | 241-483 nm in length | Higher cytotoxicity, low ROS generation, and low toxic profile when … Dendrimer nanodevices and gallic acid as novel strategies to fight chemoresistance in neuroblastoma cells . Nanomaterials . 2020 ; 10 ( 6 ): 1243 . 32604768 10.3390/nano10061243 PMC7353457 43 Cheng J Gu Y-J Cheng SH Wong W-T . Surface functionalized gold nanoparticles for drug delivery . …

An Appraisal of the Oleocanthal-Rich Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) and Its Potential Anticancer and Neuroprotective Properties.

Dietary consumption of olive oil represents a key pillar of the Mediterranean diet, which has been shown to exert beneficial effects on human health, such as the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases like cancers and neurodegenerative diseases, among others. These health benefits are partly mediated by the high-quality extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), which is produced mostly in Mediterranean countries and is directly made from olives, the fruit of the olive tree (Olea europaea L.). Preclinical evidence supports the existence of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties exerted by t

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… The other subclasses of phenolic acids (with trace active molecules such as gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid, among others), lignans (such as pinoresinol) and flavonoids (such as luteolin and apigenin) are also considered of importance [ 16 , 17 ]. … The content of total phenols—expressed as gallic acid equivalents—ranged from 14.80 to 121.20 mg/100 g (mean value: 53.72 mg/100 g) and was mainly attributable to deacetoxyligstroside aglycone, oleuropein aglycone, deacetoxyoleuropein aglycone, and ligstroside aglycone. …

Clinical antitumor application and pharmacological mechanisms of Dahuang Zhechong Pill.

Cancer still has elevated morbidity and mortality, which undoubtedly impacts the life quality of affected individuals. Remarkable advances have been made in cancer therapy, although the toxicities of traditional therapies remain an obvious challenge. Dahuang Zhechong Pill (DHZCP), developed by Zhongjing Zhang in the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber, represents an effective anticancer traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In this review, it was found that DHZCP is therapeutically utilized in liver, lung, gastric, pancreatic and other cancers in clinic. Pharmacological evidence showed that its anti-

Natural Products/Bioactive Compounds as a Source of Anticancer Drugs.

Cancer is one of the major deadly diseases globally. The alarming rise in the mortality rate due to this disease attracks attention towards discovering potent anticancer agents to overcome its mortality rate. The discovery of novel and effective anticancer agents from natural sources has been the main point of interest in pharmaceutical research because of attractive natural therapeutic agents with an immense chemical diversity in species of animals, plants, and microorganisms. More than 60% of contemporary anticancer drugs, in one form or another, have originated from natural sources. Plants

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… Gallic acid suppresses colon cancer proliferation by inhibiting SRC and EGFR phosphorylation Exp. Ther. Med. 2021 21 638 10.3892/etm.2021.10070 33968169 PMC8097205 54. Shi C.-J. Zheng Y.-B. Pan F.-F. Zhang F.-W. Zhuang P. Fu W.-M. … Gallic acid suppressed tumorigenesis by an LncRNA MALAT1-Wnt/β-catenin axis in hepatocellular carcinoma Front. Pharmacol. 2021 12 708967 10.3389/fphar.2021.708967 34690755 PMC8526893 55. Luo W. Sun R. Chen X. Li J. Jiang J. He Y. Shi S. Wen H. …

Узкие полифенолы в питании свиноматок: обновление.

Окисляющий стресс является потенциально критическим фактором, влияющим на производительность гектарирующих и кормящих свиней. Полифенолы представляют собой большой класс вторичных метаболитов растений, обладающих мощными антиоксидантами. Все полифенолы структурно характеризуются ароматическими кольцами с множеством гидроксилов водорода; они делают полифенолы идеальными атомами водорода и электронными донорами для нейтрализации свободных радикалов и других реактивных видов кислорода. В течение последнего десятилетия все большее внимание уделялось полифенолам в качестве функциональных кормовых д

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… Phenolic acids are divided into 2 categories according to their carbon skeleton, namely the C 6 –C 3 type (ferulic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, and sinapic acid) and the C 6 –C 1 type (gallic acid, vanillic acid, and other benzoic acids). … Effects of dietary gallic acid on growth performance, diarrhea incidence, intestinal morphology, plasma antioxidant indices, and immune response in weaned piglets. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2020;261 Chang N.C., Yeh C.T., Lin Y.K., Kuo K.T., Fong I.H., Kounis N.G. …

The SUMO Family: Mechanisms and Implications in Thyroid Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy.

(1) Background: Small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs) are pivotal in post-translational modifications, influencing various cellular processes, such as protein localization, stability, and genome integrity. (2) Methods: This review explores the SUMO family, including its isoforms and catalytic cycle, highlighting their significance in regulating key biological functions in thyroid cancer. We discuss the multifaceted roles of SUMOylation in DNA repair mechanisms, protein stability, and the modulation of receptor activities, particularly in the context of thyroid cancer. (3) Results: The aberran

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… acid | SENP1 | Colorectal cancer | [ 121 , 122 ] BW467C60 | SENP1 | - | [ 123 ] Triptolide | SENP1 | Prostate cancer | [ 124 ] Momordin Ic | SENP1 | Acute myeloid leukemia, colon cancer, prostate cancer | [ 125 ] Ginkgolic acid | E1 | Gastric cancer, Breast cancer, Uveal melanoma | [ 126 ] Anacardic … Gallic acid induces T-helper-1-like T(reg) cells and strengthens immune checkpoint blockade efficacy. J. Immunother. Cancer. 2022;10:e004037. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004037. 123. Taghvaei S., Minuchehr Z., Sabouni F. …