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Association between human papillomavirus and chlamydia trachomatis infection risk in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Human papillomavirus (HPV) and chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection lead to severe consequences for women's health. This meta-analysis summarizes the evidence on HPV infection risk in women with chlamydia and chlamydia risk in HPV-positive women. METHODS: Medline, Web of Science and Scopus were systematically searched for eligible publications until May 2018. Eligibility criteria included: assessment of HPV/Ct infection; cohort, case-control, cross-sectional study design; and reported risk estimation with its 95% CI for HPV infection in Ct-positive women and/or Ct infection in HPV…

Knowledge and testing preferences for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis infections among female undergraduate students.

Objective: Our goal was to evaluate knowledge and testing preferences for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) infections.Participants: We surveyed female undergraduates attending the University of California, Los Angeles, in May 2017.Methods: Using an online survey, we collected demographic information and information on 793 participants' health care seeking behavior, sexual activity, sexually transmitted infection (STI) knowledge, and STI screening preferences. We used conjoint analysis to evaluate testing preferences of hypothetical STI test…

High-volume workflow and performance comparisons for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae testing using automated molecular platforms.

BACKGROUND: The global burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is high and there have been reports of increasing chlamydial and gonorrheal infections. High-volume screening programs for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) are an important component of STI control. This study evaluated the high-volume workflow and performance of the cobas® CT/NG assay for use on the automated Roche cobas® 6800 system, with the cobas p 480 instrument for pre-analytics, compared with the Aptima Combo 2 assay on the Hologic Panther system. METHODS: High-volume workflow and performan…

Хламидия трахоматис, хламидиальный тепловой шок Протеин 60 и антихламидиальные антитела у женщин с эпитафиальными оварскими опухолями.

ЦЕЛЬ: инфекция хламидии трахомати (C. trachomatis) была предложена для содействия развитию эпителиального рака яичников (EOC). Цель этого исследования заключалась в изучении присутствия ДНК C. trachomatis и хламидиального термического белка 60 (chsp60) в яичниковых тканях, а также антихламидиальных антител в плазме в связи с подтипами КРВ. В эту поперечную группу входили 69 женщин, которые прошли операцию по подозрению в яичничной патологии. Во время диагностики были собраны оварианская ткань и соответствующие образцы крови. В опухоли яичников, p53, p16, Ki67 и chsp60 были проанализированы имм

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
OBJECTIVE: Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) infection has been suggested to promote epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) development. This study sought to explore the presence of C. trachomatis DNA and chlamydial heat shock protein 60 (chsp60) in ovarian tissue, as well as anti-chlamydial IgG antibodies in plasma, in relation to subtypes of EOC. METHODS: T…

Insights Into Vaginal Bacterial Communities and Metabolic Profiles of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection: Positioning Between Eubiosis and Dysbiosis.

The vaginal microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and functioning of the female genital tract, preventing the colonization of urogenital pathogens and sexually transmitted infections. In this study, we characterized the vaginal bacterial communities and the metabolome associated to Chlamydia trachomatis infection (CT: 20 women), compared to healthy condition (H: 22 women) and bacterial vaginosis (BV: 19 women). A microarray-based tool (VaginArray), implemented with a real-time PCR for Gardnerella vaginalis, was used to determine the vaginal bacterial composition, whereas th…

Chlamydia trachomatis infection in women living in remote areas in Amazonas, Brazil-a self-collection screening experience.

Chlamydia trachomatis infection is the most common sexually transmitted bacterial infection among women. In Brazil, there is no organized screening program for C. trachomatis, and the actual prevalence of infection is unknown. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of C. trachomatis infection in women living in riverside communities in the Amazon, using self-collection employing the Evalyn® Brush and polymerase chain reaction. A total of 299 riverine women aged 18-81 years, mean age 35.7 (±12.8) years, predominantly agricultural workers, with low schooling and living with a partner, part…

Absence of Specific Chlamydia trachomatis Inclusion Membrane Proteins Triggers Premature Inclusion Membrane Lysis and Host Cell Death.

Chlamydia trachomatis is a human pathogen associated with significant morbidity worldwide. As obligate intracellular parasites, chlamydiae must survive within eukaryotic cells for sufficient time to complete their developmental cycle. To promote host cell survival, chlamydiae express poorly understood anti-apoptotic factors. Using recently developed genetic tools, we show that three inclusion membrane proteins (Incs) out of eleven examined are required for inclusion membrane stability and avoidance of host cell death pathways. In the absence of specific Incs, premature inclusion lysis results …

Снимок генетического разнообразия хламидии трахоматиса с использованием анализа последовательности мультилока в австралийской метрополии.

Методологии скрининга с высоким разрешением, позволяющие дифференцировать хламидиотрахоматис на уровне штамма, непосредственно из клинических образцов, могут дать подробную информацию, необходимую для решения таких эпидемиологических вопросов, как динамика отказа в лечении. Кроме того, они дают подробный снимок генетической вариации C. trachomatis, которая в настоящее время отсутствует в отношении австралийского населения. В контексте двух австралийских клинических испытаний мы провели оценку генетического разнообразия C. trachomatis и сравнили их с штаммами, циркулирующими по всему миру. Для

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
High-resolution screening methodologies which enable the differentiation of Chlamydia trachomatis at the strain level, directly from clinical samples, can provide the detailed information required for epidemiological questions such as the dynamics of treatment failure. In addition, they give a detailed snapshot of circulating C. trachomatis genetic variation…

Natural product inspired library synthesis - Identification of 2,3-diarylbenzofuran and 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran based inhibitors of Chlamydia trachomatis.

A natural product inspired library was synthesized based on 2,3-diarylbenzofuran and 2,3-diaryl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran scaffolds. The library of forty-eight compounds was prepared by utilizing Pd-catalyzed one-pot multicomponent reactions and ruthenium-catalyzed intramolecular carbenoid C-H insertions. The compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity in a panel of test systems including phenotypic, biochemical and image-based screening assays. We identified several potent inhibitors that block intracellular replication of pathogenic Chlamydia trachomatis with IC50 ≤ 3 μM. These new C. tr…

Comparison of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among infertile and fertile women in Ahvaz, Iran: A case-control study.

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) is the main cause of bacterial sexually transmitted infections. In women, this infection can lead to tubal infertility. OBJECTIVE: In this study we investigated C. trachomatis among infertile and fertile women with both polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ELISA methods in Ahvaz, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This case-control study was conducted at the Infertility Clinic of University Jahad, Ahvaz, Iran from January to August 2017. A total of 225 vaginal swabs and blood samples (100 infertile and 125 fertile women) were collected. Detection o…

Spatial clustering of high load ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection in trachoma: a cross-sectional population-based study.

Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) is the most common cause of bacterial sexually transmitted infection and infectious cause of blindness (trachoma) worldwide. Understanding the spatial distribution of Ct infection may enable us to identify populations at risk and improve our understanding of Ct transmission. In this study, we sought to investigate the spatial distribution of Ct infection and the clinical features associated with high Ct load in trachoma-endemic communities on the Bijagós Archipelago (Guinea Bissau). We collected 1507 conjunctival samples and corresponding detailed clinical data durin…

Topical tenofovir protects against vaginal simian HIV infection in macaques coinfected with Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis.

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis, two prevalent sexually transmitted infections, are known to increase HIV risk in women and could potentially diminish preexposure prophylaxis efficacy, particularly for topical interventions that rely on local protection. We investigated in macaques whether coinfection with Chlamydia trachomatis/Trichomonas vaginalis reduces protection by vaginal tenofovir (TFV) gel. METHODS: Vaginal TFV gel dosing previously shown to provide 100 or 74% protection when applied either 30 min or 3 days before simian HIV(SHIV) challenge was assessed in…

Chlamydia trachomatis among Youth - Testing Behaviour and Incidence of Repeat Testing in Stockholm County, Sweden 2010-2012.

BACKGROUND: Widespread testing and screening for genital Chlamydia trachomatis is often advocated as an important method to halt the epidemic. Sweden has long tradition of opportunistic screening services. Nevertheless infections rates have continued to rise over the past two decades, despite increased access to testing and treatment services. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study we describe the testing behavior for genital Chlamydia trachomatis among youth in Stockholm County, with a focus on repeated testing. Specifically we (a) study positivity rates among single and repeat testers,…

Pharmacists' Knowledge and Practices Surrounding Expedited Partner Therapy for Chlamydia trachomatis, New York City, 2012 and 2014.

BACKGROUND: Health care providers in New York City can prescribe treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) for a patient's partner without the partner having a medical evaluation ("prescription-expedited partner therapy" [EPT]), and use of prescription-EPT is common. However, there is little known about pharmacists' knowledge and practices surrounding EPT. METHODS: Two cross-sectional surveys, in 2012 and 2014, were conducted with representative samples of supervising pharmacists in NYC neighborhoods with high rates of Ct infection. RESULTS: In both survey years, the majority of pharmacists w…

Relationship between Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium infection and pregnancy rate and outcome in Iranian infertile couples.

The study was performed to investigate the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium in a population of infertile couples from Iran and how this relates to tubal factor infertility, pregnancy rate and outcome of pregnancy. Blood, semen and first-void urine samples were obtained from 250 infertile couples and 250 fertile women as a control. Infertile couples were followed up after 24 months to determine diagnosis, referral for assisted conception, any pregnancy and pregnancy outcome. Data were analysed with regard to the results of (i) serological analysis for specific antib…

Chlamydia trachomatis genotypes in a cross-sectional study of urogenital samples from remote Northern and Central Australia.

OBJECTIVES: The objective was to determine the frequency of trachoma genotypes of Chlamydia trachomatis-positive urogenital tract (UGT) specimens from remote areas of the Australian Northern Territory (NT). SETTING: The setting was analysis of remnants of C. trachomatis positive primarily UGT specimens obtained in the course of clinical practice. The specimens were obtained from two pathology service providers. PARTICIPANTS: From 3356 C. trachomatis specimens collected during May 2012-April 2013, 439 were selected for genotyping, with a focus on specimens from postpubescent patients, in remo…

Active Hexose Correlated Compound Activates Immune Function to Decrease Chlamydia trachomatis Shedding in a Murine Stress Model.

A cold-induced stress mouse model for investigating chlamydia genital infection and immune response analysis was established in our laborato … as a dietary supplement is known to boost the immune system. Mice were infected intravaginally with Chlamydia trachomatis after a 24-day cold-stress application. Oral administration of AHCC to stressed or non-stressed mice was carried out seven days before infection and during the course of infection along with cervicovaginal swabbing. Cytokine production by peritoneal …

Lactobacillus crispatus mediates anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 induction in response to Chlamydia trachomatis infection in vitro.

Chlamydia trachomatis, a human pathogen, is a Gram-negative bacillus and a compulsory intracellular parasite. It is the most common cause of bacterial sexually transmitted infections in both industrialized and developing countries. In women, untreated genital infections can result in devastating consequences such as pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, and even infertility. Lactobacillus crispatus is an important urogenital species that is routinely found in the vagina of healthy women. Lactobacilli are involved in the maintenance of the normal vaginal microbiota and their dominance…

Denominators count: supplementing surveillance data for genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection with testing data, Norway, 2007 to 2013.

As genital Chlamydia trachomatis (chlamydia) infection is often asymptomatic, surveillance of diagnosed cases is heavily influenced by the rate and distribution of testing. In 2007, we started supplementing case-based surveillance data from the Norwegian Surveillance System for Communicable Diseases (MSIS) with aggregated data on age group and sex of individuals tested. In this report, annual testing rates, diagnosis rates and proportion positive for chlamydia in Norway between 1990 and 2013 are presented. From 2007, rates are also stratified by age group and sex. The annual testing rate for c…

Diversity of Cervicovaginal Cytokine Response to Incident Chlamydia trachomatis Infection Among a Prospective Cohort of Young Women.

PROBLEM: Animal, in vitro, and ex vivo studies have identified several cytokines involved in host immunity to genital Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection. However, in vivo cytokine responses are not well described. Our objectives were to document cervicovaginal cytokine levels and intrawoman cytokine changes during incident CT in a prospective cohort. METHODS: From our prospective cohort, 62 women had incident CT, comprising a CT-negative visit followed by a CT-positive visit. At these visits, cytokine protein levels (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1α, IL-1β, MIP-1α, RANTES, IFN-γ) were measured using cervi…