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Воздействие высокоэффективной терапии множественного склероза на клетки B.

Множественный склероз (MS) представляет собой хроническое воспалительное и нейродегенеративное аутоиммунное расстройство центральной нервной системы, характеризующееся демиэлированием и нейродегенерацией. Традиционно рассматриваемая как болезнь с Т-клетоклетками, ключевая роль В-лимфоцитов в его патогенезе через различные механизмы, способствующие воспалению и автоматической активности, получает все большее признание. Риск долгосрочной инвалидности у пациентов с НР может быть снижен за счет раннего начала лечения, в частности с помощью высокоэффективной терапии. Цель этого обзора состоит в том

Новые горизонты для мультислерозовой терапии: 2025 и дальше.

Прогресс, достигнутый в борьбе с множественным склерозом (МС), представляет собой one о больших успехах современной молекулярной медицины. Развитие методов лечения с повышением избирательности и безопасности, руководствуясь достижениями в понимании фундаментальной иммунологии, нейробиологии, генетики и причин этой болезни, расширило традиционный акцент на лечении, добавив реальные возможности для профилактики и лечения. Здесь мы резюмируем последние достижения, которые вместе превратили эту болезнь из наиболее часто встречающегося в западном мире криппера на ее место сегодня как условие, в кот

Construction of a Prognostic Risk Prediction Model for Obesity Combined With Breast Cancer.

The improvement in the quality of life is accompanied by an accelerated pace of living and increased work-related pressures. Recent decades has seen an increase in the proportion of obese patients, as well as an increase in the prevalence of breast cancer. More and more evidences prove that obesity may be one of a prognostic impact factor in patients with breast cancer. Obesity presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in the population of breast cancer patients. Therefore, it is essential to have a better understanding of the relationship between obesity and breast cancer. This st

Role of Telomeres and Telomeric Proteins in Human Malignancies and Their Therapeutic Potential.

Telomeres are the ends of linear chromosomes comprised of repetitive nucleotide sequences in humans. Telomeres preserve chromosomal stability and genomic integrity. Telomere length shortens with every cell division in somatic cells, eventually resulting in replicative senescence once telomere length becomes critically short. Telomere shortening can be overcome by telomerase enzyme activity that is undetectable in somatic cells, while being active in germline cells, stem cells, and immune cells. Telomeres are bound by a shelterin complex that regulates telomere lengthening as well as protects t

Immunological Approaches Towards Cancer and Inflammation: A Cross Talk.

The inflammation is the protective response of the body against various harmful stimuli; however, the aberrant and inappropriate activation tends to become harmful. The acute inflammatory response tends to resolved once the offending agent is subside but this acute response becomes chronic in nature when the body is unable to successfully neutralized the noxious stimuli. This chronic inflammatory microenvironment is associated with the release of various pro-inflammatory and oncogenic mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), cytokines [IL-1β, IL-2, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α

The Gut Microbiota in Hematologic Malignancies: Mechanisms, Clinical Associations, and Translational Opportunities.

Hematologic malignancies arise and progress within a systemic ecosystem in which the gut microbiota is an increasingly recognized, partially modifiable component. Across acute leukemias, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, plasma cell disorders, lymphomas, and clonal myeloid neoplasms, human studies consistently report reduced microbial diversity, depletion of barrier-supportive, short-chain fatty acid-producing commensals, and enrichment of Gram-negative, pro-inflammatory, or hospital-adapted taxa. These alterations are associated with pre-leukemic clonal expansion, adverse genetic and immunologica

Research progress on tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy for cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer is a common malignant tumor in women, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major cause of cervical cancer. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphocytes primarily composed of T lymphocytes found within the tumor parenchyma and stroma. These cells can be isolated from tumor tissue, activated, expanded in vitro, and reinfused into the patient to exert an anti-tumor immune effect. As a form of personalized immunotherapy, TILs therapy has shown satisfactory efficacy and safety in advanced recurrent and metastatic cervical cancer, offering n

Selected Abstracts from the 13th Annual Meeting of the Clinical Immunology Society: 2022 Annual Meeting: Immune Deficiency and Dysregulation North American Conference

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Stepping forward: T-cell redirecting bispecific antibodies in cancer therapy.

T cell-redirecting bispecific antibodies are specifically designed to bind to tumor-associated antigens, thereby engaging with CD3 on the T cell receptor. This linkage between tumor cells and T cells actively triggers T cell activation and initiates targeted killing of the identified tumor cells. These antibodies have emerged as one of the most promising avenues within tumor immunotherapy. However, despite success in treating hematological malignancies, significant advancements in solid tumors have yet to be explored. In this review, we aim to address the critical challenges associated with T

CAR-T-Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapies: Potentials, Limitations, and Future Prospects.

Cancer encompasses various elements occurring at the cellular and genetic levels, necessitating an immunotherapy capable of efficiently addressing both aspects. T cells can combat cancer cells by specifically recognizing antigens on them. This innate capability of T cells has been used to develop cellular immunotherapies, but most of them can only target antigens through major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs). New gene-editing techniques such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-cas9) can precisely edit the DNA sequences. CRISPR-c

Impact of Galectin-3 Circulating Levels on Frailty in Elderly Patients with Systolic Heart Failure.

Background: Heart Failure (HF), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, represents a relevant trigger for the development of frailty in the elderly. Inflammation has been reported to play an important role in HF and frailty pathophysiology. Galectin-3 (Gal-3), whose levels increase with aging, exerts a relevant activity in the processes of cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of Galectin-3 to serve as a biomarker of frailty in HF patients. Methods: 128 consecutive patients aged 65 and older with the diagnosis of systolic HF underw

Integumentary System

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

HDAC3: A Multifaceted Modulator in Immunotherapy Sensitization.

Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) has emerged as a critical epigenetic regulator in tumor progression and immune modulation, positioning it as a promising target for enhancing cancer immunotherapy. This work comprehensively explores HDAC3's multifaceted roles, focusing on its regulation of key immune-modulatory pathways such as cGAS-STING, ferroptosis, and the Nrf2/HO-1 axis. These pathways are central to tumor immune evasion, antigen presentation, and immune cell activation. Additionally, the distinct effects of HDAC3 on various immune cell types-including its role in enhancing T cell activation,

Review of the Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the Context of Cancer Treatment.

Checkpoint proteins are an integral part of the immune system and are used by the tumor cells to evade immune response, which helps them grow uncontrollably. By blocking these proteins, immune checkpoint inhibitors can restore the capability of the immune system to attack cancer cells and stop their growth. These findings are backed by adequate clinical trial data and presently, several FDA-approved immune checkpoint inhibitors exist in the market for treating various types of cancers, including melanoma, hepatocellular, endometrial, lung, kidney and others. Their mode of action is inhibition

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… B cells and T follicular helper cells mediate response to checkpoint inhibitors in high mutation burden mouse models of breast cancer. Cell. 2019;179:1191–1206.e1121. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.10.028. 113. Pyo K.H., Kim J.H., Lee J.-M., Kim S.E., Cho J.S., Lim S.M., Cho B.C. …

Therapeutic Modulation of Autophagy in Leukaemia and Lymphoma.

Haematopoiesis is a tightly orchestrated process where a pool of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) with high self-renewal potential can give rise to both lymphoid and myeloid lineages. The HSPCs pool is reduced with ageing resulting in few HSPC clones maintaining haematopoiesis thereby reducing blood cell diversity, a phenomenon called clonal haematopoiesis. Clonal expansion of HSPCs carrying specific genetic mutations leads to increased risk for haematological malignancies. Therefore, it comes as no surprise that hematopoietic tumours develop in higher frequency in elderly peopl

Delving into Molecular Pathways: Analyzing the Mechanisms of Action of Monoclonal Antibodies Integrated in IMGT/mAb-DB for Myasthenia Gravis.

BackgroundMyasthenia Gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease presenting with auto-antibodies that affect the neuromuscular junction. In addition to symptomatic treatment options, novel therapeutics include monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). IMGT®, the international ImMunoGeneTics information system®, extends the characterization of therapeutic antibodies with a systematic description of their mechanisms of action (MOA) and makes them available through its database for mAbs and fusion proteins, IMGT/mAb-DB.MethodsUsing available literature data combined with amino acid sequence analyses from mAbs m

Несбалансированность циркулирующих подсетей B-Cell была связана с повышенным риском возврата пациентов RRMS.

ЦЕЛИ: Агрегаты В-клеток ниже менингов связаны с продвижением нейродегенерации в множестве склероза (MS). Мы намеревались изучить частоту различных подмножеств B-клеток и их связь с остротой MS. Кроме того, мы подсчитали уровни CXCL13 и нейрофильтрации (NfL). МЕТОДЫ: Согласно дифференциальному выражению IgD, CD38, CD27, HLA-DR, CD138, IL-10 и IL-17, частота различных циркуляционных подмножеств B-клеток (CD19+) оценивалась с использованием цитометрии потока. Уровни плазмы CXCL13 и NfL были подсчитаны с использованием ELISA.Результаты: В данном случае степень неврологического расстройства положит

The SUMO Family: Mechanisms and Implications in Thyroid Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy.

(1) Background: Small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs) are pivotal in post-translational modifications, influencing various cellular processes, such as protein localization, stability, and genome integrity. (2) Methods: This review explores the SUMO family, including its isoforms and catalytic cycle, highlighting their significance in regulating key biological functions in thyroid cancer. We discuss the multifaceted roles of SUMOylation in DNA repair mechanisms, protein stability, and the modulation of receptor activities, particularly in the context of thyroid cancer. (3) Results: The aberran

Gamma/delta T cells as cellular vehicles for anti-tumor immunity.

Adoptive cellular immunotherapy as a new paradigm to treat cancers is exemplified by the FDA approval of six chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapies targeting hematological malignancies in recent years. Conventional αβ T cells applied in these therapies have proven efficacy but are confined almost exclusively to autologous use. When infused into patients with mismatched human leukocyte antigen, αβ T cells recognize tissues of such patients as foreign and elicit devastating graft-versus-host disease. Therefore, one way to overcome this challenge is to use naturally allogeneic immune cell typ

Immunosenescence, Physical Exercise, and their Implications in Tumor Immunity and Immunotherapy.

Aging is associated with a decline in immune function, termed immunosenescence, which compromises host defences and increases susceptibility to infections and cancer. Physical exercise is widely recognized for its myriad health benefits, including the potential to modulate the immune system. This review explores the bidirectional relationship between immunosenescence and physical exercise, focusing on their interplay in shaping antitumor immunity. We summarize the impact of aging on innate and adaptive immune cells, highlighting alterations that contribute to immunosenescence and cancer develo

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… T helper cells with CD4+ expression are categorized into Th1, Th2, Th17, and T follicular helper cells 91 , 92 . …