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BLAB2CancerKD: a knowledge graph database focusing on the association between lactic acid bacteria and cancer, but beyond.

In a broad sense, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is a general term for Gram-positive bacteria that can produce lactic acid by utilizing fermentable carbohydrates. It is widely used in essential fields such as industry, agriculture, animal husbandry and medicine. At the same time, LAB are closely related to human health. They can regulate human intestinal flora and improve gastrointestinal function and body immunity. Cancer, a disease in which some cells grow out of control and spread to other body parts, is one of the leading causes of human death worldwide. In recent years, the potential of LAB i

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… Park J., Oh S. and Cha Y. (2014) Lactobacillus brevis OPK-3 isolated from kimchi inhibits adipogenesis and exerts anti-inflammation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte. J. Sci. Food Agric. , 94, 2514–2520. 46. …

Multifunctionality of Calebin A in inflammation, chronic diseases and cancer.

Chronic diseases including cancer have high case numbers as well as mortality rates. The efficient treatment of chronic diseases is a major ongoing medical challenge worldwide, because of their complexity and many inflammatory pathways such as JNK, p38/MAPK, MEK/ERK, JAK/STAT3, PI3K and NF-κB among others being implicated in their pathogenesis. Together with the versatility of chronic disease classical mono-target therapies are often insufficient. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory as well as anti-cancer capacities of polyphenols are currently investigated to complement and improve the effect of

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… Furthermore, Calebin A is assumed to act as multi-modulatory agent in other disorders such as obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases based on the finding that Calebin A has been observed to be non-toxic to adipocytes but simultaneously suppressed adipogenesis through inhibition of adipocyte differentiation … Calebin-a inhibits adipogenesis and hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-induced obesity via activation of AMPK signaling. Mol Nutr Food Res (2015) 59(10):1883–95. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201400809 96. Lee P-S, Lu Y-Y, Nagabhushanam K, Ho C-T, Mei H-C, Pan M-H. …

Interleukin-6 Interweaves the Bone Marrow Microenvironment, Bone Loss, and Multiple Myeloma.

The immune system is strongly linked to the maintenance of healthy bone. Inflammatory cytokines, specifically, are crucial to skeletal homeostasis and any dysregulation can result in detrimental health complications. Interleukins, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), act as osteoclast differentiation modulators and as such, must be carefully monitored and regulated. IL-6 encourages osteoclastogenesis when bound to progenitors and can cause excessive osteoclastic activity and osteolysis when overly abundant. Numerous bone diseases are tied to IL-6 overexpression, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteop

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… Sclerostin is a signaling molecule that is synthesized and secreted by osteocytes, and acts as a WNT inhibitor causing inhibited osteoblast differentiation and supporting adipogenesis ( 21 ). … The skeletal cell-derived molecule sclerostin drives bone marrow adipogenesis . J Cell Physiol. ( 2017 ) 233 : 1156 – 67 . 10.1002/jcp.25976 28460416 PMC5664178 157. Gavriatopoulou M Dimopoulos M-A Christoulas D Migkou M Iakovaki M Gkotzamanidou M . …

EZH2 serves as a viable therapeutic target for myeloma-induced osteolytic bone destruction.

Myelomatous bone disease is a complication characterized by lytic bone lesions, reduced bone formation, bone pain, and increased fracture risk. Understanding these underlying mechanisms is crucial for developing effective therapeutic approaches. Here we show the role of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in bone lesions induced by myeloma cells. Our research reveals that cytokines produced by myeloma-associated adipocytes activate the expression of EZH2 in myeloma cells. Furthermore, we find that EZH2 forms a transcriptional repression complex with transcription factor AP2α. This complex promo

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… Liu Z Myeloma cells shift osteoblastogenesis to adipogenesis by inhibiting the ubiquitin ligase MURF1 in mesenchymal stem cells Sci. Signal. 2020 13 eaay8203 10.1126/scisignal.aay8203 32457115 PMC7376968 Liu, Z. et al. … Myeloma cells shift osteoblastogenesis to adipogenesis by inhibiting the ubiquitin ligase MURF1 in mesenchymal stem cells. Sci. Signal. 13 , eaay8203 (2020). 32457115 10.1126/scisignal.aay8203 PMC7376968 8. …

Unraveling Obesity and Multiple Myeloma: Insights from Epidemiology and Molecular Mechanisms.

Purpose of reviewThe global incidence of obesity has risen dramatically in recent decades, with consequent detrimental health effects. Extensive studies have demonstrated that obesity significantly affects the risk, prognosis, and progression of various cancers, including multiple myeloma (MM). As an established modifiable risk factor for both MM and its precursor stages -monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) and smoldering MM (SMM)- the association between obesity and disease onset has become a compelling area of research. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the cu

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… “In vitro” evidence showed that in co-culture system MM cells induced the differentiation of MM-MSCs towards BMAds via PPARγ, a key transcriptional factor controlling adipogenesis [ 80 ]. … MM 73 controls | No significant difference in leptin serum levels in MM patients compared with controls | Dalamaga et al. 2009 [ 95 ] Adiponectin Adiponectin, namely ACRP30, apM1, adipoQ and GBP28, is a hormonal molecule uniquely generated by adipocytes and intensely up-regulated in the process of adipogenesis …

Balancing the Scales: The Dual Role of Interleukins in Bone Metastatic Microenvironments.

Bone metastases, a common and debilitating consequence of advanced cancers, involve a complex interplay between malignant cells and the bone microenvironment. Central to this interaction are interleukins (ILs), a group of cytokines with critical roles in immune modulation and inflammation. This review explores the dualistic nature of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory interleukins in bone metastases, emphasizing their molecular mechanisms, pathological impacts, and therapeutic potential. Pro-inflammatory interleukins, such as IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8, have been identified as key drivers in pro

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… IL-35 promotes mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation, inhibits MSC apoptosis, stimulates osteogenesis, and inhibits adipogenesis. …

Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway: proteins' roles in osteoporosis and cancer diseases and the regulatory effects of natural compounds on osteoporosis.

Osteoblasts are mainly derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the bone marrow. These stem cells can differentiate into osteoblasts, which have the functions of secreting bone matrix, promoting bone formation, and participating in bone remodeling. The abnormality of osteoblasts can cause a variety of bone-related diseases, including osteoporosis, delayed fracture healing, and skeletal deformities. In recent years, with the side effects caused by the application of PTH drugs, biphosphonate drugs, and calmodulin drugs, people have carried out more in-depth research on the mechanism of osteoblast

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… It has a variety of biological activities, including anti-adipogenesis, antioxidant and anti-cancer, etc. (Jung et al. 2021 ; Ko et al. 2018 ). …

How histone modifications influence cellular radiosensitivity: Pharmaceutically targeting epigenetic regulators as a promising avenue to overcome radioresistance.

Cancer remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Radiotherapy (RT), a cornerstone of oncological treatment for over a century, has achieved great success in various cancers. However, radioresistance remains the primary factor leading to the failure of radiotherapy. Histone modifications in cancer cells are known to play a pivotal role in regulating radiosensitivity by modulating chromatin structure, either by loosening or tightening it. Here, we provide a comprehensive summary of the link between aberrant histone modifications and radiation resistance across various cancer and normal t

LncRNA CASC15 serves as a diagnostic biomarker for postmenopausal osteoporotic fractures and its knockdown enhances HBMSC osteogenic differentiation via miR-152-3p.

OBJECTIVE: Long non-coding RNA CASC15 plays a role in the development of various human diseases. However, the diagnostic role and molecular mechanisms of CASC15 in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) remain unclear. METHODS: This study enrolled 137 healthy postmenopausal women and 141 PMOP patients. CASC15 and miR-152-3p levels in serum and HBMSCs were measured via RT-qPCR. Western blotting and RT-qPCR were employed to analyze the protein and mRNA expression levels of osteogenic markers (RUNX2, ALP, OCN, Col I). CASC15's diagnostic value was assessed by the ROC curve. Proliferation (CCK-8) and

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… The effects of endocrine disruptors on adipogenesis and osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells: a review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2016;7:171. 25. Andersen M, Andresen AK, Hartvigsen J, Hermann AP, Sørensen J, Carreon LY. …

Effects of exercise training on circulating levels of Dickkpof-1 and secreted frizzled-related protein-1 in breast cancer survivors: A pilot single-blind randomized controlled trial.

BackgroundWingless and integration site growth factor (Wnt) signaling is a tumorigenesis-related signaling pathway. Dickkpof-1 (DKK1) and secreted frizzled-related protein-1 (SFRP1) are endogenous negative regulators of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Accumulating evidence indicates that higher serum levels of DKK1 are correlated with poor prognosis of various types of cancer. Here, we investigated whether exercise training causes changes in the serum levels of DKK1 and SFRP1 in patients with breast cancer.MethodsTwenty-four breast cancer survivors, after chemo- or radiotherapy, participated in this

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… In addition, SFRP1 may act as a determinant of adipose tissue expandability by participating in the paracrine regulation of human adipogenesis. …

Artificially Sweetened Beverages Beyond the Metabolic Risks: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

We carried out a review of the available literature on the effects that artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) such as diet soda (DS) have on health, particularly those not related to incident diabetes mellitus, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. A search of scientific articles was carried out using 11 different databases: PubMed, Cochrane, LILACS, MEDLINE Ovid, JAMA Network, IBECS, Cumed, Scopus, SciELO, MEDLINE-EBSCO, and Taylor & Francis Online. Articles published in the last 10 years were considered, considering cross-sectional studies, retrospective or prospective cohort studies, case-cont

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… Artificial sweeteners stimulate adipogenesis and suppress lipolysis independently of sweet taste receptors. Simon BR, Parlee SD, Learman BS, et al. J Biol Chem. 2013;288:32475–32489. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.514034. 7. A high carbohydrate and soda diet influences metabolic variables in Wistar rats. …

Metabolic crosstalk between stromal and malignant cells in the bone marrow niche.

Bone marrow is the primary site of blood cell production in adults and serves as the source of osteoblasts and osteoclasts that maintain bone homeostasis. The medullary microenvironment is also involved in malignancy, providing a fertile soil for the growth of blood cancers or solid tumors metastasizing to bone. The cellular composition of the bone marrow is highly complex, consisting of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, maturing blood cells, skeletal stem cells, osteoblasts, mesenchymal stromal cells, adipocytes, endothelial cells, lymphatic endothelial cells, perivascular cells, and n

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… Recent findings from the Morrison group show that expression of an osteogenic growth factor, Osteolectin, distinguishes periarteriolar LepR + cells poised to undergo osteogenesis from perisinusoidal LepR + cells poised to undergo adipogenesis ( Shen et al., 2021 ). …

Role of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Bone-Related Diseases.

Bone-related diseases seriously affect the lives of patients and carry a heavy economic burden on society. Treatment methods cannot meet the diverse clinical needs of affected patients. Exosomes participate in the occurrence and development of many diseases through intercellular communication, including bone-related diseases. Studies have shown that exosomes can take-up and "package" non-coding RNAs and "deliver" them to recipient cells, thereby regulating the function of recipient cells. The exosomal non-coding RNAs secreted by osteoblasts, osteoclasts, chondrocytes, and other cells are invol

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… Several key miRNAs related to osteogenesis (miR-34a, miR-27a, and miR-22) and adipogenesis (miR-143 and miR-375) have been detected in osteoblasts and adipocyte-derived exosomes, respectively ( Narayanan et al., 2018 ). … Liang X. ( 2014 ). let-7 Enhances Osteogenesis and Bone Formation while Repressing Adipogenesis of Human Stromal/mesenchymal Stem Cells by Regulating HMGA2 . Stem Cell Dev. 23 ( 13 ), 1452 – 1463 . 10.1089/scd.2013.0600 PMC4066225 24617339 Wu J. Kuang L. Chen C. Yang J. Zeng W.-N. …

Potential Adverse Effects of Dexamethasone Therapy on COVID-19 Patients: Review and Recommendations.

In the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the global healthcare community has raced to find effective therapeutic agents against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To date, dexamethasone is the first and an important therapeutic to significantly reduce the risk of death in COVID-19 patients with severe disease. Due to powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, dexamethasone could attenuate SARS-CoV-2-induced uncontrolled cytokine storm, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and lung injury. Nevertheless, dexamethasone tre

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… On the one hand, adipogenesis of MSCs leads to excessive accumulation of marrow fat and increased intraosseous pressure, thus inducing venous stasis, arterial obstruction and eventually ischemic osteonecrosis [ 48 , 49 ]. … Yin L Li YB Wang YS Dexamethasone-induced adipogenesis in primary marrow stromal cell cultures: mechanism of steroid-induced osteonecrosis Chin Med J 2006 119 581 588 16620700 49. …

Complete Blood Count Parameters and Bone Health: Clinical and Experimental Evidence.

Osteoporotic fractures pose a significant burden in aging populations, yet current assessment strategies may overlook systemic factors influencing bone health. Emerging evidence suggests that complete blood count (CBC) parameters, including red blood cell indices, white blood cell (WBC) counts and subtypes, and platelet counts, are associated with skeletal fragility and fracture risk. Anemia has been consistently linked to reduced bone mineral density and increased fracture susceptibility, potentially due to impaired oxygen delivery and osteoblast dysfunction. Elevated red cell distribution wi

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… Furthermore, iron overload disrupts hydroxyapatite formation [ 32 ] and alters MSC differentiation, favoring adipogenesis over osteogenesis [ 33 ]. …

Nuclear receptors in health and disease: signaling pathways, biological functions and pharmaceutical interventions.

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a large family of ligand-dependent transcription factors that regulate the expression of a wide range of target genes in response to endogenous and exogenous ligands, including steroid hormones, thyroid hormone, vitamin D, retinoic acid, fatty acids, and oxidative steroids. Upon ligand binding, nuclear receptors form dimer complexes with transcriptional cofactors, which interact with specific DNA sequences in the promoter or enhancer regions of target genes to modulate gene expression. This process plays a crucial role in many physiological processes such as reprodu

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… , whereas its loss-of-function increased adipogenesis. 296 Compared with control mice, NR4A1 knockout mice fed a high-fat diet were more prone to obesity, with increased gene expression of PPARγ and FAS. … Conversely, NR4A1 overexpression in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes inhibited adipogenesis. NR4A1 upregulated GATA binding protein 2 (GATA2), which in turn inhibited PPARγ. …

Innovative Approaches in Knee Osteoarthritis Treatment: A Comprehensive Review of Bone Marrow-Derived Products.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic articular disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of cartilage and bone tissue, leading to the appearance of subchondral cysts, osteophyte formation, and synovial inflammation. Conventional treatments consist of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), analgesics, and glucocorticoids. However, the prolonged use of these drugs causes adverse effects. NSAIDs, for instance, are known to be nephrotoxic, increasing the damage to articular cartilage. New therapies capable of accelerating the process of tissue regeneration and repair are bein

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… A study showed that hypoxic preconditioning of MSCs isolated from the BM of the iliac crest and vertebra can increase proliferation, morphology, osteogenesis, and chondrogenesis, inhibit adipogenesis, and regulate the levels of molecular signatures of HOX genes, which are responsible for regulating the …

Research progress on exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in hematological malignancies.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a subset of multifunctional stem cells with self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation properties that play a pivotal role in tumor progression. MSCs are reported to exert biological functions by secreting specialized vesicles, known as exosomes, with tumor cells. Exosomes participate in material and information exchange between cells and are crucial in multiple physiological and pathological processes. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the roles, mechanisms of action and sources of MSC exosomes in hematological malignancies, and different

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… Osteogenesis depends on commissioning of a network of stem cell transcription factors that act as repressors of adipogenesis. Nat Genet. 2019;51(4):716‐727. 4. Fajardo‐Orduña GR, Mayani H, Montesinos JJ. Hematopoietic support capacity of mesenchymal stem cells: biology and clinical potential. …

Acute Myeloid Leukaemia in Its Niche: the Bone Marrow Microenvironment in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia.

Purpose of reviewAcute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a heterogeneous malignancy for which treatment options remain suboptimal. It is clear that a greater understanding of the biology of the AML niche will enable new therapeutic strategies to be developed in order to improve treatment outcomes for patients.Recent findingsRecent evidence has highlighted the importance of the bone marrow microenvironment in protecting leukaemia cells, and in particular leukaemic stem cells from chemotherapy-induced cell death. This includes mesenchymal stem cells supporting growth and preventing apoptosis, and alter

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… Adipocytes were implicated as predominantly negative regulators of the BM micro-environment, and inhibiting adipogenesis may enhance haematopoietic recovery in BM transplantation [ 34 ]. …

Regenerative rehabilitation: a novel multidisciplinary field to maximize patient outcomes.

Regenerative rehabilitation is a novel and rapidly developing multidisciplinary field that converges regenerative medicine and rehabilitation science, aiming to maximize the functions of disabled patients and their independence. While regenerative medicine provides state-of-the-art technologies that shed light on difficult-to-treated diseases, regenerative rehabilitation offers rehabilitation interventions to improve the positive effects of regenerative medicine. However, regenerative scientists and rehabilitation professionals focus on their aspects without enough exposure to advances in each

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… Tensile strain stimulation augments MSC osteogenesis differentiation while inhibiting adipogenesis differentiation, mostly via the Smad signaling pathway [ 136 ]. … In animal models of knee osteoarthritis, therapies of MSCs combined with mechanical stimulation involving tensile strain stimulation, mechanical stretch, vibration, compression, and LIPUS reduce ROS levels while increasing antioxidant responses, osteogenesis differentiation, and adipogenesis differentiation …