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Electrokinetic and Electroconvective Effects in Ternary Electrolyte Near Ion-Selective Microsphere.

The paper presents theoretical and experimental investigations of the behavior of an electrolyte solution with three types of ions near an ion-selective microparticle with electrokinetically and pressure-driven flow. A special experimental cell has been developed for the investigations. An anion-selective spherical particle composed of ion-exchange resin is fixed in the center of the cell. An enriched region with a high salt concentration appears at the anode side of the particle when an electric field is turned on, according to the nonequilibrium electrosmosis behavior. A similar region exist…

Utilizing a divalent metal ion transporter to control biogenic nanoparticle synthesis.

UNLABELLED: Biogenic synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials has been demonstrated for both wild and engineered bacterial strains. In many systems the nucleation and growth of nanomaterials is poorly controlled and requires concentrations of heavy metals toxic to living cells. Here, we utilized the tools of synthetic biology to engineer a strain of Escherichia coli capable of synthesizing cadmium sulfide nanoparticles from low concentrations of reactants with control over the location of synthesis. Informed by simulations of bacterially-assisted nanoparticle synthesis, we created a strain of E. c…

Scorpion Peptides and Ion Channels: An Insightful Review of Mechanisms and Drug Development.

The Buthidae family of scorpions consists of arthropods with significant medical relevance, as their venom contains a diverse range of biomolecules, including neurotoxins that selectively target ion channels in cell membranes. These ion channels play a crucial role in regulating physiological processes, and any disturbance in their activity can result in channelopathies, which can lead to various diseases such as autoimmune, cardiovascular, immunological, neurological, and neoplastic conditions. Given the importance of ion channels, scorpion peptides represent a valuable resource for developin…

Ion channels involved in inflammation and pain in osteoarthritis and related musculoskeletal disorders.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a currently incurable, chronic, progressive, and debilitating musculoskeletal (MSK) condition. One of its hallmark sy … key findings from recent basic research articles as well as clinical trials, we propose novel directions for the development of future analgesic therapies to improve the quality of life of patients with OA.

A need for exhaustive and standardized characterization of ion channels activity. The case of KV11.1.

hERG, the pore-forming subunit of the rapid component of the delayed rectifier K+ current, plays a key role in ventricular repolarization. Mutations in the KCNH2 gene encoding hERG are associated with several cardiac rhythmic disorders, mainly the Long QT syndrome (LQTS) characterized by prolonged ventricular repolarization, leading to ventricular tachyarrhythmias, sometimes progressing to ventricular fibrillation and sudden death. Over the past few years, the emergence of next-generation sequencing has revealed an increasing number of genetic variants including KCNH2 variants. However, the po…

Purification and membrane interactions of human KCNQ1100-370 potassium ion channel.

KCNQ1 (Kv7.1 or KvLQT1) is a voltage-gated potassium ion channel that is involved in the ventricular repolarization following an action potential in the heart. It forms a complex with KCNE1 in the heart and is the pore forming subunit of slow delayed rectifier potassium current (Iks). Mutations in KCNQ1, leading to a dysfunctional channel or loss of activity have been implicated in a cardiac disorder, long QT syndrome. In this study, we report the overexpression, purification, biochemical characterization of human KCNQ1100-370, and lipid bilayer dynamics upon interaction with KCNQ1100-370. The…

The role of carbon-ion radiotherapy in the treatment of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the nasopharynx.

BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma (NACC) is a distinct subgroup of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) with limited surgical ac … nts experienced grade 3 mucositis or xerostomia. No late toxicity of grade ≥3 was observed. CONCLUSIONS: CIRT alone or in combination with PBT appeared to be a promising modality for the treatment of NACC and produced satisfactory local disease control and toxicity profile. Distant metastasis remained to be a substantial mode for treatment failure. Fu …

A europium metal-organic framework for dual Fe3+ ion and pH sensing.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with ratiometric sensing properties are desirable for many applications due to their intrinsic self-calibration. We report the re-assessment of the sensing properties of a MOF, originally reported as containing europium(III) and 2-hydroxyterephtalic acid, and having fluorescent ratiometric iron(III) sensing properties. Synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy revealed that the MOF is composed of 2-methoxyterephthalate, not 2-hydroxyterephthalate as originally reported. We found that the MOF exhibits…

Mactanamide and lariciresinol as radical scavengers and Fe2+ ion chelators - A DFT study.

A DFT based kinetic study of OOH radical scavenging potency of mactanamide (MA) and lariciresinol (LA), two natural polyphenols, indicates their nearly equal potential via the proton coupled electron transfer (PCET) mechanism in lipid media. Contribution of C-H bond breaking to this potency is negligible compared to O-H bond breaking, contrary to recent claims. The predicted potency of both compounds is not sufficient to protect biological molecules from oxidative damage in lipid media. In aqueous media, the scavenging potency of MA and LA phenoxide anions via the single electron transfer (SET…

Metal Ion-Catalyzed Low-Temperature Curing of Urushiol-Based Polybenzoxazine.

In this work, urushiol-based polybenzoxazine is cured by the Lewis acid (FeCl3, AlCl3, and CuCl2) at low temperature instead of high thermal curing temperature. The effect of the Lewis acid on structures and properties of the polymers is revealed. The relating urushiol-based benzoxazine monomer (BZ) was synthesized by natural urushiol, formaldehyde, and n-octylamine. The monomer was reacted with the Lewis acid with a molar ratio of 6:1 (Nmonomer: NMetal) at 80°C to obtain films that can be cured at room temperature. The chemical structures of benzoxazine monomers were identified by Fourier-tra

Tyrosine phosphorylation tunes chemical and thermal sensitivity of TRPV2 ion channel.

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) is a multimodal ion channel implicated in diverse physiopathological processes. Its importa … sal chemical and thermal sensitivity of TRPV2. Targeting this pathway will aid therapeutic interventions in physiopathological contexts.

Microglial ion channels: Key players in non-cell autonomous neurodegeneration.

Neuroinflammation is a critical pathophysiological hallmark of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's … entation, apoptosis, and cell signaling leading to inflammation, among other critical critical functions. Understanding the role of these ion channels and the signaling mechanism these channels regulate under pathological conditions is an active area of research. This review will be focusing on the roles of different microglial ion channels, and their …

Unconventional interactions of the TRPV4 ion channel with beta-adrenergic receptor ligands.

The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) ion channel is present in different tissues including those of the airways. This channel is activated in response to stimuli such as changes in temperature, hypoosmotic conditions, mechanical stress, and chemicals from plants, lipids, and others. TRPV4's overactivity and/or dysfunction has been associated with several diseases, such as skeletal dysplasias, neuromuscular disorders, and lung pathologies such as asthma and cardiogenic lung edema and COVID-19-related respiratory malfunction. TRPV4 antagonists and blockers have been described; no…

First application of the BIANCA biophysical model to carbon-ion patient cases.

Objective.The main objective of this work consists of applying, for the first time, the BIANCA (BIophysical ANalysis of Cell death and chromosome Aberrations) biophysical model to the RBE calculation for C-ion cancer patients, and comparing the outcomes with those obtained by the LEM I model, which is applied in clinics. Indeed, the continuous development of heavy-ion cancer therapy requires modelling of biological effects of ion beams on tumours and normal tissues. The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of heavy ions is higher than that of protons, with a significant variation along the …

The interplay between physical cues and mechanosensitive ion channels in cancer metastasis.

Physical cues have emerged as critical influencers of cell function during physiological processes, like development and organogenesis, and … ent are sensed by MICs and contribute to cancer metastasis. First, we highlight mechanical perturbations, by both solid and fluid surroundings typically found in the tumor microenvironment and during critical stages of cancer cell dissemination from the primary tumor. Next, we describe how Piezo1/2 and transient receptor potential (TRP) channels respon …

The role of individual neuron ion conductances in the synchronization processes of neuron networks.

The partial phase synchronization (sometimes called cooperation) of neurons is fundamental for the understanding of the complex behavior of … depolarization/repolarization processes. It is well known that many diseases are related to alterations of the ion-channel conductance properties. To normalize their functioning, drugs are used to block or activate specific channels, changing their conductances. We investigate the synchronization process of a Hodgkin-Huxley-type neural network as a fu …

Ion channels alterations in the forebrain of high-fat diet fed rats.

Evidence suggests that transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels dysfunction significantly contributes to the physiopathology of metabolic and neurological disorders. Dysregulation in functions and expression in genes encoding the TRP channels cause several inherited diseases in humans (the so-called 'TRP channelopathies'), which affect the cardiovascular, renal, skeletal, and nervous systems. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of ion channels in the forebrain of rats with diet-induced obesity (DIO). DIO rats were studied after 17 weeks under a hypercaloric diet (high-fat diet, …

Endoplasmic reticulum maintains ion homeostasis required for plasma membrane repair.

Of the many crucial functions of the ER, homeostasis of physiological calcium increase is critical for signaling. Plasma membrane (PM) injury causes a pathological calcium influx. Here, we show that the ER helps clear this surge in cytoplasmic calcium through an ER-resident calcium pump, SERCA, and a calcium-activated ion channel, Anoctamin 5 (ANO5). SERCA imports calcium into the ER, and ANO5 supports this by maintaining electroneutrality of the ER lumen through anion import. Preventing either of these transporter activities causes cytosolic calcium overload and disrupts PM repair (PMR). ANO5…

Распознавание ксантиновой реберосколочной структуры и металлическое ионопосредованное распознавание лиганда.

Рибосколки сохраняют функциональные области в MRNA, которые в основном существуют в бактериях. Они регулируют генное выражение в ответ на различные концентрации метаболитов или металлических ионов. Недавно был выявлен мотив РНК NMT1 для селективной привязки ккантиновой и мочевой кислот, соответственно, к метаболическому пути деградации пурины. Вот, мы сообщаем о кристаллической структуре этой РНК, связанной с ксантиной. В целом рибосуха имеет стержень, постоянно сложенный в сложенном виде three стебли и two внутренние перекрестки. Связующий карман определяется высокоохранной соединенной послед

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Riboswitches are conserved functional domains in mRNA that mostly exist in bacteria. They regulate gene expression in response to varying concentrations of metabolites or metal ions. Recently, the NMT1 RNA motif has been identified to selectively bind xanthine and uric acid, respectively, both are involved in the metabolic pathway of purine degradation. Here…

Superlithiation Performance of Covalent Triazine Frameworks as Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Organics with the merit of renewability have been viewed as the promising alternative of inorganic electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries, but most of them display inferior performance due to the sluggish ion/electron diffusion and the potential dissolution in aprotic electrolytes. Here, covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs-1), full of vertical pores and layered spaces for Li+ transfer, have been synthesized with p-dicyanobenzene as the monomer by a facile two-step method including a prepolymerization with CF3SO3H as the catalyst and deep polymerization in molten ZnCl2. CTFs-1-400, obtaine