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Combined screening for Chlamydia trachomatis and squamous intra-epithelial lesions using a single liquid-based cervical sample.

BACKGROUND: Cervicitis is believed to alter cytological interpretation and could compromise a combined screening for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) cervicitis and squamous intra-epithelial lesions (SIL). Liquid-based cytological methods have been shown to limit obscuring factors and permit the detection of infectious agents by DNA amplification techniques. The aim of this study was to evaluate a combined screening for SIL and CT cervicitis with a single liquid-based cervical sample. METHODS: Two cervical samples were obtained from each of 590 women considered at high risk for CT. The modified Lig…

Cost-effectiveness of screening swab or urine specimens for Chlamydia trachomatis from young Canadian women in Ontario.

BACKGROUND: Undetected and untreated Chlamydia trachomatis infections can result in a significant health burden. Diagnostic testing refers to tests performed on patients with symptoms, whereas screening refers to testing specimens in asymptomatic patients. The goal of diagnostic testing and screening programs are early identification of infections to prevent upper tract infection and transmission to other partners. GOAL: To compare the costs and outcomes of alternative diagnostic testing and screening programs for women ages 15 to 24 years in the province of Ontario, Canada. STUDY DESIGN: Us…

The reprogrammed host: Chlamydia trachomatis-induced up-regulation of glycoprotein 130 cytokines, transcription factors, and antiapoptotic genes.

OBJECTIVE: Infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is a known cause of sexually transmitted diseases, eye infections (including trachoma), and reactive arthritis (ReA). Because the mechanisms of Chlamydia-induced changes leading to ReA are poorly defined, this study sought to identify the target genes involved at the molecular level. METHODS: Chlamydia-induced changes in host cells were investigated by combining a screening technique, which utilized complementary DNA arrays on C trachomatis-infected and mock-infected epithelial HeLa cells, with real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain re…

High prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Mycoplasma genitalium in female commercial sex workers in Japan.

Our objectives were to explore the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium in Japanese female commercial sex workers (CSWs), in comparison with pregnant women as controls. A high-risk group of 174 female CSWs and 90 asymptomatic pregnant women were enrolled in this study. Detection of C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, and M. genitalium on the endocervix of the women was performed mainly by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays. The prevalence rates of C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, and M. genitalium were 19.0%, 32.8%, and 12.6%, respect…

Synovial Chlamydia trachomatis in patients with reactive arthritis/Reiter's syndrome are viable but show aberrant gene expression.

OBJECTIVE: We used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays to assess expression of genes from Chlamydia trachomatis in synovial tissues of patients with reactive arthritis (ReA)/Reiter's syndrome (RS) to determine viability/metabolic activity of the bacterium in joints of infected patients. METHODS: Synovial biopsies were obtained from 18 patients with ReA, RS, or other arthritides; nucleic acids from 16 samples were PCR positive for chlamydial chromosomal DNA. RT-PCR assays targeting primary transcripts from C. trachomatis rRNA operons, and mRNA from the bacterial omp…

Chlamydia trachomatis antibody titres by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay are useful in predicting severity of adnexal adhesion.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between chlamydia infection and adnexal adhesion. A total of 131 infertile women who were otherwise asymptomatic underwent chlamydia antibody testing and laparoscopy. These women had additional infertility factors. Serum concentration of anti-Chlamydia trachomatis immunoglobulins G and A were determined prospectively by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results were compared with the tubal patency and severity of adnexal adhesion. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and likelihood ratio…

Oral immunization with an anti-idiotypic antibody to the exoglycolipid antigen protects against experimental Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Chlamydia trachomatis is the leading cause worldwide of preventable infectious blindness (trachoma) and sexually transmitted disease, including nongonoccocal urethritis and pelvic inflammatory disease. To date, no effective vaccine against C. trachomatis infection has been identified. A monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody (anti-Id) to the chlamydial exoglycolipid antigen (GLXA) was tested in a murine model of ocular chlamydial infection for its ability to induce systemic immunity, which reduces microbiologic and clinical disease. The anti-Id to GLXA, delivered either systemically in soluble for…

Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis by polymerase chain reaction in introital specimens from pregnant women.

OBJECTIVE: We analyzed whether specimens obtained from the vaginal introitus were comparable to endocervical and posterior vaginal vault specimens for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis by polymerase chain reaction. STUDY DESIGN: Introital and endocervical specimens were obtained from 300 women at the first prenatal visit. Specimens from the posterior vaginal vault were also obtained from 219 of these patients. All samples were tested for C. trachomatis and T. vaginalis by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: C. trachomatis was identified in the endocervices of 36 wo…

Identification of individual genotypes of Chlamydia trachomatis from experimentally mixed serovars and mixed infections among trachoma patients.

Genetic polymorphisms in the major outer membrane protein gene (omp-1) of Chlamydia trachomatis B and Ba serovars have been demonstrated in Tunisian isolates. A total of 15 of 27 unique sequence signatures or omp-1 genotypes were identified. However, differentiation of unique signatures from sequences that reflect those of strains involved in a mixed infection is necessary to define the molecular epidemiology of chlamydial ocular infections. We devised a strategy for identifying mixed infections by characterizing their effects on omp-1 genotyping. Various ratios of elementary bodies from organ…

In vitro activities of rifamycin derivatives ABI-1648 (Rifalazil, KRM-1648), ABI-1657, and ABI-1131 against Chlamydia trachomatis and recent clinical isolates of Chlamydia pneumoniae.

ABI-1648 (rifalazil) is a semisynthetic rifamycin with potent bactericidal activity against intracellular respiratory bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and a long half-life (approximately 60 h) and thus can be administered once weekly. We therefore tested the in vitro activities of ABI-1648, its derivatives ABI-1657 and ABI-1131, azithromycin, and levofloxacin against 10 strains of Chlamydia trachomatis and 10 recent clinical isolates of Chlamydia pneumoniae. The MICs at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited and the minimal bactericidal concentration at which 90% of the isolat…

Протеины, связанные с воспалением, в поверхностных височных артериях и хламидиотрахомати в средних церебральных артериях в болезнях мойамойи.

ЦЕЛЬ: В настоящее время продолжается изучение вопроса о том, какую роль играет инфекция хламидии trachomatis (CT) с воспалением поверхностной височной артерии (STA) и средней церебральной артерии (MCA) в развитии болезни мойямойи (MMD). МЕТОДЫ: Мы провели сравнительный анализ гистопатологических особенностей и ультраструктур СТА, полученных от пациентов с MMD и контрольных пациентов. Иммуногистохимическое пятно для IL-1β, IL-10, CTLA-4, TNF-α и CD15. При этом использовался козел-поликлонный антител, предназначенный для конкретного антигена, связанного с КТ-основным белком внешней мембраны (МОМ

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
OBJECTIVE: The role of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection with inflammation of the superficial temporal artery (STA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) in the development of moyamoya disease (MMD) is still under investigation. METHODS: We conducted a comparative analysis of the histopathological features and ultrastructures of STAs obtained from patients wi…

Evaluation of the diagnostic performance of the Eazyplex platform for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae among women in Zimbabwe.

BACKGROUND: Gaps in sexually transmitted infection (STI) diagnosis hinder effective STI control particularly in low-resource settings where syndromic management is often the standard of care. Rapid and affordable point-of-care (POC) diagnostics for STIs such as Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) are needed. This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of Eazyplex (a point-of-care test (POCT)) to screen CT and NG among sexually active women in Zimbabwe. METHODS: We enrolled 220 sexually active women aged 18-35 (median 28 years) years attending a family planning clinic…

Evidence Review for Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guidance Development on the Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

This supplement review article discusses recent advancements in Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae detection methods, addressing key questions related to laboratory-based molecular methods, point-of-care testing, culture, and resistance detection. Each manuscript in this supplement summarizes available test methods and their performance characteristics. Additionally, current challenges and research gaps are described. Emerging technologies, such as molecular point-of-care tests and self-collection kits, are highlighted for their potential to improve accessibility, accuracy, and pa…

A Chlamydia trachomatis CPAF-STING agonist conjugate vaccine administered intramuscularly and intradermally is immunogenic in the pig model.

INTRODUCTION: Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) is the most common bacterial cause of sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Given the limited effectiveness of current Ct screening and treatment programs, alongside the lack of lasting immunity from natural infection, developing an effective vaccine is crucial. Pigs serve as a valuable model for chlamydia research due to their physiological similarity to humans and natural susceptibility to Chlamydia suis (Cs), a close relative of Ct. Thus, we utilized the pig model to evaluate the immunogenicity of three Chlamydial Protease-like Activity Factor (C…

Chlamydia trachomatis infection among at-risk populations in Taiwan: Emergence of genovariant L2b and treatment response to antimicrobials.

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This study investigated the prevalence and genotype distribution of C. trachomatis, and treatment response, focusing on the recent emergence of genovariant L2b in Taiwan. METHODS: This prospective study was conducted from August 2021 to September 2023, enrolling 1023 participants, including 492 people who received pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV and 531 people with HIV (PWH). Multiple-site sampling and genotyping of C. trachomatis identified were performed. Participants testin…

Female Sex Workers in the Amazon Region of Brazil Are at High Risk of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection: A Retrospective Study.

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) globally, linked to severe complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility. In the Brazilian Amazon, socioeconomic vulnerability and the absence of screening policies exacerbate risks, particularly among female sex workers (FSWs). OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of anti-C. trachomatis IgG antibodies among FSWs in five municipalities of Pará State, Brazilian Amazon, and identify epidemiological factors associated with infection. METHODS: A retros…

Evaluation of Vimentin as a Marker of Cervical Carcinogenesis in Women Infected with Human Papillomavirus and Chlamydia trachomatis with Cervical Pathology.

Background: Among the co-factors contributing to human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cervical carcinogenesis, genital chlamydial infection is considered a very strong risk factor. The molecular mechanisms by which this organism contributes to HPV-related cervical carcinogenesis remain unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the role of vimentin in cervical carcinogenesis in women infected with human papillomavirus and Chlamydia trachomatis. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) cervical tissue samples were collected from women with pre-invasive and invasive…

Evaluation of the APTIMA Combo 2™ kit for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in frozen semen.

Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) in cryopreserved semen is crucial for screening sperm donors. The evaluation of the limit of detection (LOD) of the APTIMA Combo 2™ kit (Panther, Hologic) was performed on cryopreserved semen samples spiked with CT and NG at concentrations ranging from 1 to 106 IFU/mL or CFU/mL, respectively. The LOD was 102 IFU/mL for CT and 10 CFU/mL for NG in single infection or coinfection. An inhibitory effect of semen on amplification was highlighted. This study confirmed the performance of the APTIMA Combo 2™ kit for screening cryopr…

Эффективность Novel Affitoxin нацеливается на майора Мембрана Протеина против хламидии трахоматис Ин Витро и Ин Виво.

Целенаправленная терапия является привлекательным подходом к лечению инфекционных заболеваний. Молекулы Affibody обладают такими же возможностями, как и антитела, которые облегчают молекулярное распознавание как в диагностическом, так и в терапевтическом применении. Обнадеживающим терапевтическим подходом является выявление основных белков внешней мембраны (МОМП) для лечения инфекции хламидии трахоматиса, одного из наиболее распространенных патогенов, передаваемых половым путем. Ранее мы сообщали об аффидибоде MOMP (ZMOMP:461) из библиотеки дисплеев. Здесь мы впервые сплавили его модифицирован

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Targeted therapy is an attractive approach for treating infectious diseases. Affibody molecules have similar capability to antibodies that facilitate molecular recognition in both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Targeting major outer membrane protein (MOMP) for treating infection of Chlamydia trachomatis, one of the most common sexually transmitted …

Epidemiological impact of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis screening in men having sex with men: a modelling study.

OBJECTIVES: The impact of the systematic screening of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) in men having sex with men (MSM) on these pathogens' epidemiology remains unclear. We conducted a modelling study to analyse this impact in French MSM. METHODS: We modelled NG and CT transmission using a site-specific deterministic compartmental model. We calibrated NG and CT prevalence at baseline using results from MSM enrolled in the Dat'AIDS cohort. The baseline scenario was based on 1 million MSM, 40 000 of whom were tested every 90 days and 960 000 every 200 days. Incidence ra…