Результаты поиска

Using LOINC to link 10 terminology standards to one unified standard in a specialized domain.

Despite the existence of multiple standards for the coding of biomedical data and the known benefits of doing so, there remain a myriad of biomedical information domain spaces that are essentially un-coded and unstandardized. Perhaps a worse situation is when the same or similar information in a given domain is coded to a variety of different standards. Such is the case with cephalometrics - standardized measurements of angles and distances between specified landmarks on X-ray film used for orthodontic treatment planning and a variety of research applications. We describe how we unified the ex

Incorporating personalized gene sequence variants, molecular genetics knowledge, and health knowledge into an EHR prototype based on the Continuity of Care Record standard.

OBJECTIVES: The current volume and complexity of genetic tests, and the molecular genetics knowledge and health knowledge related to interpretation of the results of those tests, are rapidly outstripping the ability of individual clinicians to recall, understand and convey to their patients information relevant to their care. The tailoring of molecular genetics knowledge and health knowledge in clinical settings is important both for the provision of personalized medicine and to reduce clinician information overload. In this paper we describe the incorporation, customization and demonstration

Awareness of the Care Team in Electronic Health Records.

OBJECTIVE: To support collaboration and clinician-targeted decision support, electronic health records (EHRs) must contain accurate information about patients' care providers. The objective of this study was to evaluate two approaches for care provider identification employed within a commercial EHR at a large academic medical center. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of EHR data for 121 patients in two cardiology wards during a four-week period. System audit logs of chart accesses were analyzed to identify the clinicians who were likely participating in the patients' hospital care.

Using real-time alerts for clinical trials: Identifying potential study subjects.

BACKGROUND: Clinical trials are widely accepted as a necessary step in evaluating the safety and efficacy of new pharmaceutical products. In order for a sufficiently powered study, a clinical trial depends on the effective and unbiased recruitment of eligible patients. Trials involving seasonal diseases like influenza pose additional challenges. OBJECTIVE: This is a feasibility study of a mobile real-time alerting system to systematically identify potential study subjects for a randomized controlled trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of early intervention with interferon alfacon-1 for p

Analysis of functional and pathway association of differential co-expressed genes: a case study in drug addiction.

Drug addiction has been considered as a kind of chronic relapsing brain disease influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. At present, many causative genes and pathways related to diverse kinds of drug addiction have been discovered, while less attention has been paid to common mechanisms shared by different drugs underlying addiction. By applying a co-expression meta-analysis method to mRNA expression profiles of alcohol, cocaine, heroin addicted and normal samples, we identified significant gene co-expression pairs. As co-expression networks of drug group and control group constru

Comparison of LDA and SPRT on Clinical Dataset Classifications.

In this work, we investigate the well-known classification algorithm LDA as well as its close relative SPRT. SPRT affords many theoretical advantages over LDA. It allows specification of desired classification error rates α and β and is expected to be faster in predicting the class label of a new instance. However, SPRT is not as widely used as LDA in the pattern recognition and machine learning community. For this reason, we investigate LDA, SPRT and a modified SPRT (MSPRT) empirically using clinical datasets from Parkinson's disease, colon cancer, and breast cancer. We assume the same normal

Matching AIDS and tuberculosis registry data to identify AIDS/tuberculosis comorbidity cases in California.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of a registry data linkage procedure used in the California AIDS and Tuberculosis (TB) Registry Data Linkage Study to identify AIDS/TB comorbidity cases in California. The California AIDS registry data from 1981 to 2006 were linked to the California TB registry data from 1996 to 2006 using LinkPlus, a probabilistic record linkage program developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and matched results were manually reviewed to determine true or false matches. We estimated the sensitivi

Prediction of a novel RNA binding domain in crocodilepox Zimbabwe Gene 157.

BACKGROUND: Although the crocodilepox virus (CRV) is currently unclassified, phylogenetic analyses suggest that its closest known relatives are molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) and the avipox viruses. The CRV genome is approximately 190 kb and contains a large number of unique genes in addition to the set of conserved Chordopoxvirus genes found in all such viruses. Upon sequencing the viral genome, others noted that this virus was also unusual because of the lack of a series of common immuno-suppressive genes. However, the genome contains multiple genes of unknown function that are likely to

Audiovisual Presentations on a Handheld PC are Preferred As an Educational Tool by NICU Parents.

BACKGROUND: Health literacy is critical for understanding complex medical problems and necessary for the well being of the patient. Printed educational materials (PM) have limitations in explaining the dynamics of a disease process. Multimedia formats may be useful for enhancing the educational process. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether a printed format or animation with commentary on a handheld personal computer (PC) is preferred as an educational tool by parents of a baby in the NICU. METHODS: PARENTS EVALUATED TWO FORMATS: A 1-page illustrated document from the American Heart Association exp

Registers for Networked Medical Research in Germany: Situation and prospects.

BACKGROUND: Several disease specific registers are operated by members of the 'TMF - Technology, Methods, and Infrastructure for Networked Medical Research', an umbrella organization of research networks in Germany. OBJECTIVE: To describe the coverage and the current state as well as financial and organizational issues of registers operated by member networks of the TMF, to identify their requirements and needs, and to recommend best practice models. METHODS: A survey with a self-completion questionnaire including all 55 TMF member networks was carried out in winter 2007/2008. Interviews foc

Literature mining on pharmacokinetics numerical data: a feasibility study.

A feasibility study of literature mining is conducted on drug PK parameter numerical data with a sequential mining strategy. Firstly, an entity template library is built to retrieve pharmacokinetics relevant articles. Then a set of tagging and extraction rules are applied to retrieve PK data from the article abstracts. To estimate the PK parameter population-average mean and between-study variance, a linear mixed meta-analysis model and an E-M algorithm are developed to describe the probability distributions of PK parameters. Finally, a cross-validation procedure is developed to ascertain fals

A new arrhythmia clustering technique based on Ant Colony Optimization.

In this paper, a new method for clustering analysis of QRS complexes is proposed. We present an efficient Arrhythmia Clustering and Detection algorithm based on medical experiment and Ant Colony Optimization technique for QRS complex. The algorithm has been developed based on not only the general signal detection knowledge, but also on the ECG signal's specific features. Furthermore, our study brings the power of Ant Colony Optimization technique to the ECG clustering area. ACO-based clustering technique has also been improved using nearest neighborhood interpolation. At the beginning of our a

Bayesian prediction of an epidemic curve.

An epidemic curve is a graph in which the number of new cases of an outbreak disease is plotted against time. Epidemic curves are ordinarily constructed after the disease outbreak is over. However, a good estimate of the epidemic curve early in an outbreak would be invaluable to health care officials. Currently, techniques for predicting the severity of an outbreak are very limited. As far as predicting the number of future cases, ordinarily epidemiologists simply make an educated guess as to how many people might become affected. We develop a model for estimating an epidemic curve early in an

A bioinformatics framework for genotype-phenotype correlation in humans with Marfan syndrome caused by FBN1 gene mutations.

Mutations in the human FBN1 gene are known to be associated with the Marfan syndrome, an autosomal dominant inherited multi-systemic connective tissue disorder. However, in the absence of solid genotype-phenotype correlations, the identification of an FBN1 mutation has only little prognostic value. We propose a bioinformatics framework for the mutated FBN1 gene which comprises the collection, management, and analysis of mutation data identified by molecular genetic analysis (DHPLC) and data of the clinical phenotype. To query our database at different levels of information, a relational data m…

An ontology of randomized controlled trials for evidence-based practice: content specification and evaluation using the competency decomposition method.

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are one of the least biased sources of clinical research evidence, and are therefore a critical resource for the practice of evidence-based medicine. With over 10,000 new RCTs indexed in Medline each year, knowledge systems are needed to help clinicians translate evidence into practice. Common ontologies for RCTs and other domains would facilitate the development of these knowledge systems. However, no standard method exists for developing domain ontologies. In this paper, we describe a new systematic approach to specifying and evaluating the conceptual cont

Telephone-linked care for physical activity: a qualitative evaluation of the use patterns of an information technology program for patients.

Automated health behavior interventions that involve discretionary use by patients or consumers over extended periods of time are becoming more common and it is generally assumed that adherence to the recommended schedule is related to the impact of the system on users. Yet reasons for use or non-use of such systems have not been carefully explored. An understanding of factors that influence people to use, not use, or underutilize these automated behavioral change and self-care management systems can help in designing systems that are more effective and acceptable to users. Using qualitative r

Neural network-based system for early keratoconus detection from corneal topography.

Some automatic methods have been proposed to identify keratoconus from corneal maps; among these methods, neural networks have proved to be useful. However, the identification of the early cases of this ocular disease remains a problem from both a diagnostic and a screening point of view. Another problem is whether a keratoconus screening must be performed taking into account both eyes of the same subject or each eye separately; hitherto, neural networks have only been used in the second alternative. In order to examine the differences of the two screening alternatives in terms of discriminati

Computational selection of distinct class- and subclass-specific gene expression signatures.

In this investigation we used statistical methods to select genes with expression profiles that partition classes and subclasses of biological samples. Gene expression data corresponding to liver samples from rats treated for 24 h with an enzyme inducer (phenobarbital) or a peroxisome proliferator (clofibrate, gemfibrozil or Wyeth 14,643) were subjected to a modified Z-score test to identify gene outliers and a binomial distribution to reduce the probability of detecting genes as differentially expressed by chance. Hierarchical clustering of 238 statistically valid differentially expressed gen

Teams, Tools, Processes and Resources to Manage Oncologic Clinical Decision Support: Lessons Learned from City of Hope's Multistate, Academic, and Community Oncology Enterprise.

Background/Objectives: Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) consisting of Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) and oncology pathways serve as the foundation of high-quality cancer care. However, the resources needed to develop and maintain these systems have not been characterized for oncology enterprises. Methods: Executive leadership appointed a medical director and clinical pharmacist to develop and lead a Pathways and Protocols Program for the City of Hope (COH) enterprise. This involved developing a program charter and governance committee and a business case for resources to su

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… COH’s executive leadership appointed a medical director to work with an informatics pharmacist to develop an enterprise-wide Pathways and Protocols program for the enterprise. … Other NCI = national cancer institute Cancer Center: of 14 Beacon Analysts, 6 are informatic pharmacists. Of 17 Willow Analysts, 7 are informatic pharmacists. …