Результаты поиска

Spiegelmer Aptamers: Innovative Approach in Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide, emphasizing the urgent need for improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Aptamers which are synthetic oligonucleotides that specifically bind to target molecules, offer high affinity, low immunogenicity, and superior tumor penetration compared to antibodies. However, their clinical translation has been limited by instability in biological systems. Spiegelmers, a novel class of mirror-image aptamers composed of L-nucleotides, overcome this limitation through intrinsic nuclease resistance an

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Additionally, sacituzumab govitecan (SG), which combines an antibody targeting trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 with the active metabolite of irinotecan, represents a new treatment option for TNBC. 87 Overall, the heterogeneous nature of breast cancer has driven the development of theranostic approaches …

Advances in antisense oligonucleotide treatment for cancer.

RNA therapeutics, including antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), have emerged as a promising class of drugs, with several already approved for clinical use. To date, most approved ASO-based RNA therapies target non-malignant disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases, and only a single therapy in this class has been approved for cancer. Notably, nearly half of existing RNA therapeutics act by modulating RNA splicing. Given the growing evidence implicating aberrant RNA splicing in cancer pathogenesis, the development of ASO-based therapeutics for oncologic indications is expected to accelerate.

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Another Phase II/III clinical trial ( NCT06079346 ) began in 2024 to compare the efficacy and safety of trabedersen in combination with mFOLFIRINOX (folinic acid, 5-FU, irinotecan, oxaliplatin) versus mFOLFIRINOX alone in advanced and unresectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer patients. …

Assessing the Therapeutic Role of Rehabilitation Programs in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN)-A Scoping Review.

Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common, debilitating side effect of cancer treatment. Characterized by symptoms like pain, numbness, and muscle weakness, CIPN significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Current management strategies vary, with limited consensus on effective treatments. This scoping review aims to explore comprehensive rehabilitation interventions for CIPN, focusing on enhancing patient well-being and functional abilities. Methods: A scoping review, guided by Arksey and O'Malley's framework and Levac et al.'s refinements, was conducted to

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… . | Standard care (6 weeks) | 16 | 15 | 59.69 | 60.57 | 6 (37.5) | 6 (40) | Chemotherapy | Chemotherapy is used in the treatment of colorectal cancer | CRC | 5-FU, capecitabine, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin | Pain and sensory disturbance in the hands and feet | The results of this proof-of-concept study …

Polypharmacology: new drugs in 2023-2024.

Polypharmacology is an emerging approach to drug design and development that involves the use of multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs), agents capable of interacting with multiple biological targets simultaneously. The effective treatment of chronic and multifactorial conditions, driven by the dysregulation of multiple interconnected pathways, such as cancer, autoimmune and metabolic disorders, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, is one of the most substantial challenges in contemporary pharmacology. 'Traditional' single-target-based treatment frequently shows limited effectiveness,

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… . | Fruquintinib (Fruzaqla ® ) L01EK04 | 2024 | small molecule, protein kinase inhibitor | (-) VEGFR-1 (-) VEGFR-2 (-) VEGFR-3 | metastatic colorectal cancer in adult patients who have been previously treated with standard therapies, including fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin-, and irinotecan-based protocols …

The anti-PD-1 era of cervical cancer: achievement, opportunity, and challenge.

Cervical cancer is one of the three major female gynecological malignancies, becoming a major global health challenge. Although about 90% of early-stage patients can be cured by surgery, advanced-stage patients still need new treatment methods to improve their efficacy, especially for those with recurrence and metastasis tumors. Anti-PD-1 is currently the most widely used immune checkpoint inhibitor, which has revolutionized cancer therapy for different types of cancer. Pembrolizumab has been approved for second-line treatment of R/M CC but has a modest overall response rate of about 15%. Ther

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… In this trial, a total of 608 patients were enrolled, who were randomly assigned to the group of cemiplimab 350 mg I.V. q3w or control therapy of single-agent chemotherapy (such as pemetrexed, topotecan, irinotecan, or gemcitabine, etc.) in a ratio of 1:1. …

Mucositis and Infection in Hematology Patients.

Survival in patients with hematological malignancies has improved over the years, both due to major developments in anticancer treatment, as well as in supportive care. Nevertheless, important and debilitating complications of intensive treatment regimens still frequently occur, including mucositis, fever and bloodstream infections. Exploring potential interacting mechanisms and directed therapies to counteract mucosal barrier injury is of the utmost importance if we are to continue to improve care for this increasingly growing patient population. In this perspective, I highlight recent advanc

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Inflammasome activation is reactive oxygen species dependent and mediates irinotecan-induced mucositis through IL-1beta and IL-18 in mice Am. J. Pathol. 2014 184 2023 2034 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.03.012 24952429 110. Wardill H.R. de Mooij C.E.M. Ferreira A.R.D.S. Havinga H. …

Cancer Immunotherapies: What the Perioperative Physician Needs to Know.

Purpose of reviewFor patients with cancer, treatment may include combination therapy, including surgery and immunotherapy. Here, we review perioperative considerations for the patient prescribed immunotherapeutic agents.Recent findingsThe perioperative period is a poignant moment in the journey of a patient with cancer, potentially deemed most influential compared to other moments in the care continuum. Several immunotherapeutic medications have been employed near the time of surgery to potentially increase effectiveness. Of the various drug classes, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, cyt

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Their cytotoxic payloads include the antimitotic tubulin inhibitors emtansine (DM1) and MMAE, and the DNA-damaging topoisomerase I inhibitors deruxtecan (DxD) and irinotecan metabolite (SN-38) [ 34 , 35 ]. …

Clinical Trials with Combination of Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells and Dendritic Cells for Cancer Therapy.

Adoptive cellular immunotherapy (ACI) is a promising treatment for a number of cancers. Cytokine-induced killer cells (CIKs) are considered to be major cytotoxic immunologic effector cells. Usually cancer cells are able to suppress antitumor responses by secreting immunosuppressive factors. CIKs have significant antitumor activity and are capable of eradicating tumors with few side effects. They are a very encouraging cell population used against hematological and solid tumors, with an inexpensive expansion protocol which could yield to superior clinical outcome in clinical trials employing ad

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… For these patients, systemic chemotherapy with combinations of fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, irinotecan in combination with EGFR antibodies or antiangiogenic antibodies is the standard of care in this palliative situation [ 46 , 47 ]. …

Cancer stem cell impact on clinical oncology.

Cancer is a widespread worldwide chronic disease. In most cases, the high mortality rate from cancer correlates with a lack of clear symptoms, which results in late diagnosis for patients, and consequently, advanced tumor disease with poor probabilities for cure, since many patients will show chemo- and radio-resistance. Several mechanisms have been studied to explain chemo- and radio-resistance to anti-tumor therapies, including cell signaling pathways, anti-apoptotic mechanisms, stemness, metabolism, and cellular phenotypes. Interestingly, the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Additionally, high ALDH activity is directly related to a higher resistance to several drugs, for example, cyclophosphamide, temozolomide, irinotecan, paclitaxel, and doxorubicin[ 101 - 103 ]. Resistance conferred by ALDH has been observed in numerous cell lines and patient samples[ 97 , 104 ]. …

Unleashing NK cells for cancer immunotherapy in lung cancer: biologic challenges and clinical advances.

Natural killer (NK) cells are a crucial part of the innate immune system and serve as an important effector for killing tumor cells through direct cytolytic activity or immunomodulatory signaling to T cells and antigen presenting cells. NK cells are correlated with increased tumor control and better overall patient survival across various types of cancers including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite their promising potential for anti-tumor killing, NK cell function is often diminished within the tumor microenvironment. There are many factors that lead to decreased tumor-infiltrating N

Targeting Tumor Glycans for Cancer Therapy: Successes, Limitations, and Perspectives.

Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer and can lead to changes that influence tumor behavior. Glycans can serve as a source of novel clinical biomarker developments, providing a set of specific targets for therapeutic intervention. Different mechanisms of aberrant glycosylation lead to the formation of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) suitable for selective cancer-targeting therapy. The best characterized TACAs are truncated O-glycans (Tn, TF, and sialyl-Tn antigens), gangliosides (GD2, GD3, GM2, GM3, fucosyl-GM1), globo-serie glycans (Globo-H, SSEA-3, SSEA-4), Lewis anti

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Recently, another clinical trial ( NCT04560166 ) began evaluating Naxitamab and GM-CSF in combination with irinotecan and temozolomide for patients with primary refractory high-risk NB or in their first relapse. Table 2 shows selected clinical trials of antibodies targeting TACAs. … recruiting October 2010–September 2021 | NCT00026312 [ 36 ] hu3F8 (Naxitamab) + GM-CSF | II | High risk Neuroblastoma | Recruiting 4/2018–11/2027 | NCT03363373 hu3F8 + GM-CSF | I/II | High risk Neuroblastoma | Active, not recruiting 12/2012–12/2023 | NCT01757626 [ 43 , 44 ] Naxitamab hu3F8 + GM-CSF + irinotecan …

Use of Cannabis and Cannabinoids for Treatment of Cancer.

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is an ancient homeostasis mechanism operating from embryonic stages to adulthood. It controls the growth and development of many cells and cell lineages. Dysregulation of the components of the ECS may result in uncontrolled proliferation, adhesion, invasion, inhibition of apoptosis and increased vascularization, leading to the development of various malignancies. Cancer is the disease of uncontrolled cell division. In this review, we will discuss whether the changes to the ECS are a cause or a consequence of malignization and whether different tissues react dif

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… A clinical study involving 24 patients receiving irinotecan or docetaxel that were using cannabis showed that the addition of cannabis tea did not significantly affect clearance and medication exposure [ 319 ]. …

Neurotransmitters in cancer: how receptor signaling and posttranslational modifications modulate tumor progression and offer new therapeutic targets.

Recent studies highlight the multifaceted roles of neurotransmitters in tumor immunomodulation, offering novel avenues for increasing therapeutic efficacy. These signaling molecules are classified into cholinergic agents, monoamines, amino acids, and peptides and regulate tumorigenesis, metastasis, and immune evasion via autocrine/paracrine pathways and receptor-mediated interactions. Notably, neurotransmitters influence tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and immune cell activity by modulating intracellular signaling cascades through posttranslational modifications (serotonylation and dopami

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Beta-adrenergic receptor blocker propranolol triggers anti-tumor immunity and enhances irinotecan therapy in mice colorectal cancer. Eur J Pharmacol. 2023;949:175718. 24. Fu S, Liu M, Zhu C, Zhang H, Zhao C, Xie Y, Chen G, Sheng D, Pan J, He Z, et al. …

Reprogramming of nitrogen metabolism in tumors: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.

Nitrogen metabolism plays a key role in maintaining normal physiological functions of the organism and cell proliferation and differentiation. Nitrogen metabolism in normal human body maintains a dynamic balance to meet the body's demand for synthesis of biological macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids. However, in the process of tumor development, the nitrogen metabolism of tumor cells is reprogrammed to meet the demand of rapid proliferation, showing significantly different metabolic characteristics from normal cells. Key enzymes in the tumor microenvironment affect nitrogen meta

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… . | Not Applicable Eryaspas/ERY-ASP(L-asparaginase in erythrocyte) | ASNS | Advanced Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma | Phase I | It is not yet known whether the addition of Eryaspase to FOLFIRINOX (5-fluorouracil [5-FU], leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin) more effective with or without Eryaspase …

Immunotherapy for pediatric solid tumors: overcoming biological barriers through rational multimodal combinations.

Pediatric solid tumors remain among the most treatment-refractory childhood malignancies, defined by biological features that have largely resisted the immunotherapeutic advances transforming adult oncology. Exceptionally low tumor mutational burden, sparse neoantigen landscapes, and profoundly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments collectively undermine the T cell-dependent mechanisms on which most current immunotherapies depend. Yet the field is undergoing a meaningful shift. Anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies have established a survival benchmark in high-risk neuroblastoma, and next-generat

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Moreno L, Weston R, Owens C, Valteau-Couanet D, Gambart M, Castel V, Zwaan CM, Nysom K, Gerber N, Castellano A (2024) Bevacizumab, irinotecan, or topotecan added to temozolomide for children with relapsed and refractory neuroblastoma: results of the ITCC-SIOPEN BEACON-neuroblastoma trial. …

Antitumor Activity of Cannabinoids and Their Interaction with Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Evidence.

Background: Cannabinoids are studied as anticancer agents, but their effects vary across tumors, compounds, and experimental settings, underscoring the need to define consistent patterns. Our objective was to map cannabinoid efficacy across cancer preclinical models and identify tumor settings with the greatest translational promise. Methods: The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42025543744); PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL were searched on 4 April 2024 for in vitro and in vivo studies assessing cannabinoid antitumor effects alone or with chemotherapy versus vehicle or chemotherapy only. Ra

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Effects of concomitant use of THC and irinotecan on tumour growth and biochemical markers in a syngeneic mouse model of colon cancer. Arh. Hig. Rada Toksikol. 2023;74:198–206. doi: 10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3765. 44. Yang Y., Huynh N., Dumesny C., Wang K., He H., Nikfarjam M. …

Sympathetic nervous system in tumor progression and metabolic regulation: mechanisms and clinical potential.

Tumor progression is characterized by profound metabolic alterations and dynamic interactions within the tumor microenvironment (TME), which enable rapid proliferation, immunoinvasion, and metastasis. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS), which has been best known for its role in stress regulation, has emerged as a critical regulator of tumor metabolism. The SNS influences glucose, lipid and glutamine metabolism in tumor cells and stromal components by releasing neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine (NE), creating a pro-tumor metabolic and immunosuppressive microenvironment. SNS signaling e

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Beta-adrenergic receptor blocker propranolol triggers anti-tumor immunity and enhances irinotecan therapy in mice colorectal cancer. Eur J Pharmacol. 2023;949:175718. 123. Kane K, Edwards D, Chen J. The influence of endothelial metabolic reprogramming on the tumor microenvironment. …

Alternative Cancer Therapeutics: Unpatentable Compounds and Their Potential in Oncology.

Cancer remains a leading cause of death globally. Cancer patients often seek alternative therapies in addition to, or instead of, conventional treatments like chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. The progress in medical advancements and early detection provides more treatment options; however, the development of cancer drugs requires a significant amount of time, demands substantial investments, and results in an overall low percent of regulatory approval. The complex relationship between patent protection and pharmaceutical innovation complicates cancer drug development and contributes to hi

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Camptothecins (e.g., Irinotecan, Topotecan) | These drugs inhibit the enzyme topoisomerase I, which is essential for DNA replication. By stabilizing the temporary breaks that topoisomerase I creates in the DNA double helix, camptothecins cause DNA damage that leads to cell death. …

HIF-1α signaling: Essential roles in tumorigenesis and implications in targeted therapies.

The hypoxic microenvironment is an essential characteristic of most malignant tumors. Notably, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is a key regulatory factor of cellular adaptation to hypoxia, and many critical pathways are correlated with the biological activity of organisms via HIF-1α. In the intra-tumoral hypoxic environment, HIF-1α is highly expressed and contributes to the malignant progression of tumors, which in turn results in a poor prognosis in patients. Recently, it has been indicated that HIF-1α involves in various critical processes of life events and tumor development via r

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… the aggregation of HIF-1α, thereby preventing the ribosomes of HIF-1α mRNA from reaching the binding site to interfere with transcription. 157 Similarly, YC-1 could inhibit the transcriptional activity of HIF-1α and even the accumulation of proteins. 158 Inhibition of HIF-1α expression EZN-2208 (an irinotecan-modified …

Geriatric assessment for the practicing clinician: The why, what, and how.

Older adults with cancer heterogeneously experience health care, treatment, and symptoms. Geriatric assessment (GA) offers a comprehensive evaluation of an older individual's health status and can predict cancer-related outcomes in individuals with solid tumors and those with hematologic malignancies. In the last decade, randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the benefits of GA and GA management (GAM), which uses GA information to provide tailored intervention strategies to address GA impairments (e.g., implementing physical therapy for impaired physical function). Multiple phase 3 cli

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Dotan E , Catalano P , Lenchik L , The GIANT trial (ECOG‐ACRIN EA2186) methods paper: a randomized phase II study of gemcitabine and nab‐paclitaxel compared with 5‐fluorouracil, leucovorin, and liposomal irinotecan in older patients with treatment‐naïve metastatic pancreatic cancer—defining a new treatment …