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Polyphyllin I Inhibits the Metastasis of Cervical Cancer Through the Regulation of the β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

Cervical cancer ranks as the fourth most prevalent cancer and cause of cancer-related mortality among women globally. It exhibits a recurrence/metastasis rate of approximately 30% and a dismal 5-year survival of only 17% in metastatic cases. Despite significant advancements in surgical techniques, chemoradiotherapy, and targeted therapies, effective treatment options for metastatic cervical cancer remain limited. This study explored Polyphyllin I (PPI), which is a monomeric compound derived from the Rhizoma of Paris Polyphyllin, as a potential inhibitor of cervical cancer metastasis. Mechanist

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… The Clock-modulatory Activity of Nobiletin Suppresses Adipogenesis Via Wnt Signaling Endocrinology 2023 164 bqad096 10.1210/endocr/bqad096 37327385 PMC10373950 60. Cai Q. Yan J. Duan R. Zhu Y. Hua Y. Liao Y. Li Q. Li W. Ji S. …

MiR-328-5p/BCL7A axis is involved in fracture healing by modulating osteoblast function.

BackgroundDelayed fracture healing severely impacts patients' quality of life and imposes economic burdens.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the role of miR-328-5p in fracture healing and its underlying molecular mechanisms, providing novel insights for the management of delayed fracture healing.MethodsSerum miR-328-5p levels were measured by RT-qPCR in 125 tibial fracture patients. The diagnostic potential of miR-328-5p for delayed healing was assessed through ROC curve analysis. Osteogenic differentiation of hFOB 1.19 cells was induced using osteogenic medium followed by evaluation of

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… It has been shown to suppress adipogenesis in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) by targeting FASN [ 41 ]. Additionally, miR-328-5p exhibits anti-inflammatory effects on endothelial cells and may suppress atherosclerosis progression [ 42 ]. …

Progress of immune senescence in multiple myeloma treatment resistance.

Multiple myeloma has become the second most common hematologic malignancy threatening human health with the increasing incidence in the population, and the emergence of drug resistance in its treatment has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Recent studies have shown that the immune system is closely related to the development of multiple myeloma, and immune senescence plays an extremely critical role in MM treatment resistance. In this paper, we review the connection between immune senescence and the development of MM and its possible role in the drug resistance of MM treatment

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… Multiple myeloma cells alter adipogenesis, increase senescence-related and inflammatory gene transcript expression, and alter metabolism in preadipocytes. Front Oncol. 2021;10:584683. 10.3389/fonc.2020.584683. 53. …

Lipid metabolism in multiple myeloma: pathogenesis, therapeutic opportunities, and future directions.

BackgroundMultiple myeloma (MM) is a complex hematological malignancy characterized by the clonal expansion of plasma cells in the bone marrow. Emerging studies have emphasized the importance of lipid metabolism, which is closely associated with the survival, proliferation, and drug resistance of tumor cells. The hypoxic environment in the bone marrow (BM) contributes to metabolic reprogramming in MM cells, including alterations in metabolite levels, changes in metabolic enzyme activity, and metabolic shifts. Cancer cells possess the ability to adapt their metabolism in order to fulfill their

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… Multiple myeloma cells alter adipogenesis, increase senescence-related and inflammatory gene transcript expression, and alter metabolism in preadipocytes . Front Oncol . ( 2020 ) 10 : 584683 . doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.584683 33680918 PMC7930573 19 Allegra A Murdaca G Mirabile G Gangemi S . …

Роль микробиомы в множестве миелом: новые знания и терапевтические возможности.

Множественная миелома — гематологический рак, описываемый распространением плазменных клеток в костном мозге, что вызывает иммунную дисфункцию и другие аномалии. Микробиом кишечника, микробное сообщество в желудочно-кишечном тракте, было обнаружено, что он модифицирует системный иммунитет, воспаление и метаболизм. Хотя взаимосвязь между кишечным микробиомом и множеством миелома была обнаружена в недавних исследованиях, существует пробел в знаниях, связывающий воздействие микробиома на патогенез и лечение множественной миеломы. Несбалансированность в кишечном микробиоме, дисбиозе, может влиять

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… Role of Inflammatory Cytokines, Growth Factors and Adipokines in Adipogenesis and Insulin Resistance Inflammation 2022 45 31 44 10.1007/s10753-021-01559-z 34536157 PMC8449520 12. Habib C.N. Ali A.E. Anber N.H. George M.Y. …

An updated overview of the search for biomarkers of osteoporosis based on human proteomics.

Osteoporosis is a chronic metabolic disease that increases bone fragility and, leads to severe osteoporotic fractures. In recent years, the use of high-throughput omics to explore physiological and pathological biomarkers related to bone metabolism has gained popularity. In this review, we first briefly review the technical approaches of proteomics. Additionally, we summarize the relevant literature in the last decade to provide a comprehensive overview of advances in human proteomics related to osteoporosis. We describe the specific roles of various proteins related to human bone metabolism,

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… The role of bone marrow microenvironment in governing the balance between osteoblastogenesis and adipogenesis. Aging Dis. 2016;7(4):514–525. doi: 10.14336/AD.2015.1206. 95. Zhou Q., Xie F., Zhou B., Wang J., Wu B., Li L., et al. …

The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Bone Regeneration and Associated Bone Diseases.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale particles with a lipid bilayer membrane structure secreted by various cell types. Nearly all human cells secrete EVs, primarily mediating intercellular communication. In recent years, scientists have discovered that EVs can carry multiple biological cargos, such as DNA, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), proteins, cytokines, and lipids, and mediate intercellular signal transduction. Bone is a connective tissue with a nerve supply and high vascularization. The repair process after injury is highly complex, involving interactions among multiple cell types and bi

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… Exosomes Derived From M2 Macrophages Facilitate Osteogenesis and Reduce Adipogenesis of BMSCs. Front. Endocrinol. 2021;12:680328. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.680328. 29. Turturici G., Tinnirello R., Sconzo G., Geraci F. …

The impact of gut microbial signals on hematopoietic stem cells and the bone marrow microenvironment.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) undergo self-renewal and differentiation in the bone marrow, which is tightly regulated by cues from the microenvironment. The gut microbiota, a dynamic community residing on the mucosal surface of vertebrates, plays a crucial role in maintaining host health. Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiota influences HSCs differentiation by modulating the bone marrow microenvironment through microbial products. This paper comprehensively analyzes the impact of the gut microbiota on hematopoiesis and its effect on HSCs fate and differentiation by modifying the b

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… Adipogenesis is an emergency response that enhances hematopoiesis when blood cells decrease ( 46 ). Bone marrow adipocytes synthesize adiponectin, which promotes HSCs regeneration after irradiation by stimulating their proliferation. …

The Role of Gamma Delta T Lymphocytes in Physiological and Pathological Condition-Focus on Psoriasis, Atopic Dermatitis, Autoimmune Disorders, Cancer and Lymphomas.

Gamma delta (γδ) T cells are a heterogeneous population of cells that play roles in inflammation, host tissue repair, clearance of viral and bacterial pathogens, regulation of immune processes, and tumor surveillance. Recent research suggests that these are the main skin cells that produce interleukin-17 (I-17). Furthermore, γδ T cells exhibit memory-cell-like characteristics that mediate repeated episodes of psoriatic inflammation. γδ T cells are found in epithelial tissues, where many cancers develop. There, they participate in antitumor immunity as cytotoxic cells or as immune coordinators.

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… T γ δ cells have altered metabolic pathways, which makes them unresponsive to damage to epithelial cells. γδ T cells contribute to the deterioration of infection control observed in the obese diabetic population [ 52 ]. γδ T cells are the main source of IL-17a, a cytokine that regulates adipogenesis …

GBA1 as a risk gene for osteoporosis in the specific populations and its role in the development of Gaucher disease.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis and its primary complication, fragility fractures, contribute to substantial global morbidity and mortality. Gaucher disease (GD) is caused by glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) deficiency, leading to skeletal complications. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the GBA1 gene on osteoporosis progression in GD patients and the specific populations. METHODS: We selected 8115 patients with osteoporosis (T-score ≤ - 2.5) and 55,942 healthy individuals (T-score > - 1) from a clinical database (N = 95,223). Monocytes from GD patients were evaluated in relation to endoplasmic

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… Crivaro A Bondar C Mucci JM Ormazabal M Feldman RA Delpino MV Rozenfeld PA Gaucher disease-associated alterations in mesenchymal stem cells reduce osteogenesis and favour adipogenesis processes with concomitant increased osteoclastogenesis Mol Genet Metab 2020 130 4 274 282 10.1016/j.ymgme.2020.06.003 …

Novel Developments in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma-Associated Bone Disease.

Osteolytic bone disease is present in about 80% of patients with multiple myeloma at the time of diagnosis. Managing bone disease in patients with multiple myeloma is a challenge and requires a multi-faceted treatment approach with medication, surgery, and radiation. The established treatments with intravenous or subcutaneous antiresorptives can cause debilitating adverse events for patients, mainly osteonecrosis of the jaw, which, traditionally, has been difficult to manage. Now, oral surgery is recommended and proven successful in 60-85% of patients. Patients with spinal involvement may bene

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… Multiple Myeloma Cells Alter Adipogenesis, Increase Senescence-Related and Inflammatory Gene Transcript Expression, and Alter Metabolism in Preadipocytes Front. Oncol. 2020 10 584683 10.3389/fonc.2020.584683 33680918 PMC7930573 106. Dabbah M. Attar-Schneider O. Matalon S.T. Shefler I. Dolberg O.J. …

Biotechnological Innovations from Ocean: Transpiring Role of Marine Drugs in Management of Chronic Disorders.

Marine drugs are abundant in number, comprise of a diverse range of structures with corresponding mechanisms of action, and hold promise for the discovery of new and better treatment approaches for the management of several chronic diseases. There are huge reserves of natural marine biological compounds, as 70 percent of the Earth is covered with oceans, indicating a diversity of chemical entities on the planet. The marine ecosystems are a rich source of bioactive products and have been explored for lead drug molecules that have proven to be novel therapeutic targets. Over the last 70 years, m

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… Fucoxanthin also downregulates transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, which are play a role in adipogenesis. …

Updates in Anthracycline-Mediated Cardiotoxicity.

Cardiotoxicity is one of the main adverse effects of chemotheraphy, affecting the completion of cancer therapies and the short- and long-term quality of life. Anthracyclines are currently used to treat many cancers, including the various forms of leukemia, lymphoma, melanoma, uterine, breast, and gastric cancers. World Health Organization registered anthracyclines in the list of essential medicines. However, anthracyclines display a major cardiotoxicity that can ultimately culminate in congestive heart failure. Taking into account the growing rate of cancer survivorship, the clinical significa

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… DOX-mediated ROS production promotes adipogenesis in MCs, but reduces osteogenesis ( Atashi et al., 2015 ). Because MSCs repair DNA breaks to some extent, ROS production by DOX in MSCs could be the main mechanism of cell death. …

Targeting strategies for bone diseases: signaling pathways and clinical studies.

Since the proposal of Paul Ehrlich's magic bullet concept over 100 years ago, tremendous advances have occurred in targeted therapy. From the initial selective antibody, antitoxin to targeted drug delivery that emerged in the past decades, more precise therapeutic efficacy is realized in specific pathological sites of clinical diseases. As a highly pyknotic mineralized tissue with lessened blood flow, bone is characterized by a complex remodeling and homeostatic regulation mechanism, which makes drug therapy for skeletal diseases more challenging than other tissues. Bone-targeted therapy has b

Endoplasmic reticulum stress in disease pathogenesis: its implications for therapy.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a key cellular mechanism that is important in the development of many diseases, including cancer. Since the discovery of the unfolded protein response (UPR), research has greatly improved our understanding of how ER stress affects cellular functions, especially protein folding and adaptation to stress. The UPR consists of three main branches: IRE1, ATF6, and PERK, each of which is crucial for regulating stress responses, protein homeostasis, and apoptosis. These pathways normally help cells handle stress effectively; however, excessive or prolonged activati

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… ER stress inhibits adipocyte differentiation, such as by inhibiting beige adipogenesis through the PERK signaling pathway, which exacerbates metabolic dysfunction. …

Genetic Background of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a rare side effect of antiresorptive drugs that significantly hinders the quality of life of affected patients. The disease develops in the presence of a combination of factors. Important pathogenetic factors include inflammation, inhibition of bone remodeling, or genetic predisposition. Since the first description of this rare side effect in 2003, a growing body of data has suggested a possible role for genetic factors in the disease. Several genes have been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of MRONJ such as SIRT1, V

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… Furthermore, postnatally osteoblast-derived VEGF regulates osteoblastogenesis and adipogenesis in bone marrow by stimulating RUNX2 and repressing PPARG2 [ 88 ]. …

The Metabolic Features of Osteoblasts: Implications for Multiple Myeloma (MM) Bone Disease.

The study of osteoblast (OB) metabolism has recently received increased attention due to the considerable amount of energy used during the bone remodeling process. In addition to glucose, the main nutrient for the osteoblast lineages, recent data highlight the importance of amino acid and fatty acid metabolism in providing the fuel necessary for the proper functioning of OBs. Among the amino acids, it has been reported that OBs are largely dependent on glutamine (Gln) for their differentiation and activity. In this review, we describe the main metabolic pathways governing OBs' fate and functio

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… Inhibition of adipogenesis by Wnt signaling. Science. 2000;289:950–953. doi: 10.1126/science.289.5481.950. 25. Rendina-Ruedy E., Rosen C.J. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulation of metabolic homeostasis: An old dog teaches us new tricks. Mol. …

Cell-Selective Altered Cargo Properties of Extracellular Vesicles Following In Vitro Exposures to Intermittent Hypoxia.

Intermittent hypoxia (IH), a hallmark of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is associated with cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunction. However, the mechanisms underlying these morbidities remain poorly delineated. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate intercellular communications, play pivotal roles in a multitude of physiological and pathological processes, and could mediate IH-induced cellular effects. Here, the effects of IH on human primary cells and the release of EVs were examined. Microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-d), THP1 monocytes, THP1 macrophages M0, THP1 macrophages M1, THP1 macr

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… Characterisation of adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles released pre- and post-adipogenesis J. Extracell Vesicles 2015 4 29159 10.3402/jev.v4.29159 26609807 PMC4661001 85. Khalyfa A. Poroyko V.A. Qiao Z. Gileles-Hillel A. Khalyfa A.A. Akbarpour M. Almendros I. Farre R. Gozal D. …

Immunologic tumor microenvironment modulators for turning cold tumors hot.

Tumors can be classified into distinct immunophenotypes based on the presence and arrangement of cytotoxic immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Hot tumors, characterized by heightened immune activity and responsiveness to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), stand in stark contrast to cold tumors, which lack immune infiltration and remain resistant to therapy. To overcome immune evasion mechanisms employed by tumor cells, novel immunologic modulators have emerged, particularly ICIs targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein

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… Besides their essential roles in innate immunity, macrophages contribute significantly to various developmental processes, including bone morphogenesis, neuronal patterning, angiogenesis, branching morphogenesis, and adipogenesis [ 16 ]. …

Histone modifications: Unveiling the epigenetic enigma of degenerative skeletal diseases.

Degenerative skeletal diseases, including osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and intervertebral disc degeneration, are prevalent age-related conditions characterized by progressive tissue degeneration and functional decline. Histone modifications are covalent modifications of histone residues, catalyzed by specific enzymes, that modulate chromatin architecture and transcriptional activity. Accumulating evidence highlights the critical involvement of histone modifications in orchestrating disease-associated transcriptional programs. In osteoporosis, histone modifications regulate osteoblast and oste

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… Histone modifications mediate osteogenic-adipogenic differentiation imbalance Although BMSCs are multipotent stem cells with three-lineage differentiation potential of osteogenesis, adipogenesis, and chondrogenesis, many investigations have revealed that the differentiation of BMSCs into osteogenic …