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Drug-induced perioperative malignant hyperthermia: a real-world study based on the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

BACKGROUND: Perioperative malignant hyperthermia (MH) remains an established adverse drug reaction (ADR) for certain drug classes, but the c … logical drugs, the top five single drugs with the largest reported number were sevoflurane (26.79), isoflurane (25.88%), propofol (9.62%), succinylcholine (6.63%), and fentanyl (4.68%). Linear regression demonstrated that the number of perioperative MH and perioperative MH death reports caused by muscle relaxants continued to increase during the study period …

PERIOPERATIVE ANALGESIC MANAGEMENT IN ASIATIC BLACK BEARS (URSUS THIBETANUS) UNDERGOING OPEN CHOLECYSTECTOMY.

Eight adult Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) rescued from bile farms in Vietnam were diagnosed with chronic cholecystitis that required surgical intervention. In addition, these bears exhibited various comorbidities, including cardiovascular changes, chronic kidney disease, degenerative joint disease, obesity, and sarcopenia. The bears were anesthetized for an open midline cholecystectomy using a combination of 3 mg/kg tiletamine/zolazepam, 0.035 mg/kg medetomidine, and 0.05 mg/kg butorphanol administered IM via blowpipe. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in 100% oxygen. Butorpha…

De novo Serum Biochemistry и Electronicphoretic Reference Intervals для ямайских мышей фруктов (Artibeus jamaicensis).

Фруктовая мышь Ямайки (Artibeus jamaicensis; JFB) — естественная экспериментальная модель для многих вирусов, включая вирус денге, вирус Зика, вирус бешенства, вирус гриппа, вирус такарибе, и совсем недавно SARS-COV-2, благодаря их уникальным иммунным системам, которые позволяют укрывать и передавать болезни без возникновения серьезных клинических заболеваний. В этих исследованиях воздействие болезней может измеряться с помощью изменений в сыворотке биохимических и белковых электрофоретических значений крови. Вместе с тем в настоящее время не установлено каких-либо контрольных интервалов для О

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The Jamaican fruit bat (Artibeus jamaicensis; JFB) is a natural host and current experimental model for many viruses, including Middle East … les and 72 females) were randomly selected from an apparently healthy captive population of JFB for isoflurane euthanasia and blood collection by cardiocentesis. Serum samples were routinely processed using commercially available methods. Reference intervals for the total population and both sexes were established using the Reference Value Advisor 2.1 macro …

Effect of acute high-intensity interval exercise on a mouse model of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: It is unknown whether high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) may potentiate or attenuate the cardiotoxic effect of chemotherapy … group of mice (n = 6) did not exercise. Animals underwent echocardiography under light anesthesia (isoflurane 0.5-1%) before and 7 days after the DOX injection. Animals were sacrificed on day 9 and hearts were collected for morphometric and histological analysis. RESULTS: Animals exercising on day 3 had the smallest pre-post reduction in left ventricular f …

Effects of oxygen-prebreathing on tissue nitrogenation in normobaric and hyperbaric conditions.

BACKGROUND: Breathing pure oxygen causes nitrogen washout from tissues, a method commonly deployed to prevent decompression sickness from hy … n, whereas hyperbaric rats breathed 13N2 at 700 kPa before being decompressed and sedated using air-isoflurane (without 13N2 for a few minutes). After euthanization, blood, brain, liver, femur and thigh muscle were analyzed by gamma counting. RESULTS: At normobaria prebreathing oxygen resulted in higher absolute nitrogen counts in blood (p = .034), as well …

Post-exercise hot-water immersion is not effective for ribosome biogenesis in rat skeletal muscle.

Ribosome biogenesis is an important regulator of skeletal muscle hypertrophy induced by repeated bouts of resistance exercise (RE). Hot-wate … on-RE control. Following RE, both limbs were immersed in hot water (41.2 ± 0.03°C) for 20 min under isoflurane anesthesia in the HWI group and the gastrocnemius muscles were sampled at 3- and 24-h post-exercise. HWI significantly increased mTOR signaling and c-Myc mRNA expression, whereas post-exercise HWI significantly increased transcription initiation fac …

Comparative study between lateral versus latero-ventral quadratus lumborum block for perioperative analgesia in canine laparoscopic ovariectomy.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the perioperative analgesic effect of lateral versus latero-ventral quadratus lumborum block (QLB) in dogs undergoing … ine 3 μg kg-1. General anaesthesia was induced intravenously (IV) with propofol and maintained with isoflurane. Cardiovascular and respiratory variables were continuously monitored and recorded every 5 minutes during surgery. Fentanyl 3 μg kg-1 was administered IV if there was a 20% increase in heart rate and/or mean arterial pressure from previous values re …

Acute and Reversible Hypothalamic Symptoms in a Lateral Head Impact Mouse Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Central autonomic and endocrine dysfunctions following traumatic brain injury (TBI) are believed to involve the hypothalamus; however, under … n corresponding regions of the hypothalamus. Adult C57Bl/6 male mice were lightly anesthetized with isoflurane and subjected to TBI by lateral head impact using a Gothenburg impactor. Mice treated the same way, but without the head impact served as controls (shams). We monitored body weight and core body temperature by infrared thermography and performed imm …

Lower alpha frequency of intraoperative frontal EEG is associated with postoperative delirium: A secondary propensity-matched analysis.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a serious complication of surgery, especially in the elderly patient population. It has been pro … cardiac surgical patients approved by the Bernese Ethics committee. Frontal EEG was recorded during Isoflurane effect-site concentrations of 0.7 to 0.8 and peak alpha frequency was measured at highest power between 6 and 17 Hz. Delirium was assessed by chart review. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared between POD and non-POD groups. Select …

Comparison of intramuscular alfaxalone with medetomidine-ketamine for inducing anaesthesia in Trachemys scripta spp. undergoing sterilization.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of two anaesthetic protocols on heart rate (HR), time to muscle relaxation and tracheal intubation and time … ne (2 mg kg-1) administered subcutaneously along the incision site. Anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane delivered in oxygen (100%). HR and the anaesthetic depth score (ADS) were recorded every 5 minutes from induction to recovery. A Friedman test followed by Wilcoxon tests with Bonferroni adjustment were used to compare these non-parametric data (HR a …

Onset and duration of action of escalating doses of atracurium in anesthetized healthy goats.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the onset and duration of action of escalating doses of atracurium in healthy, anesthetized goats. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized, blinded, triple crossover study. Animals A total of eight (five males and three females) healthy goats weighing 42.7-123.5 kg and aged from 11 months to 8 years. METHODS: Goats were anesthetized three times with propofol and anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane. One of three doses of atracurium was administered intravenously 30 minutes after induction: 0.25 mg kg-1 (AT25), 0.5 mg kg-1 (AT50) or 0.75 mg kg-1 (AT75). …

Minimal fixed flow anesthesia for off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery: A parallel randomized trail.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to test a safety of a fixed minimal (0.5 l/min) fresh gas flow (FGF) anesthesia as a method ensuring adequate oxygenation during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting operations. DESIGN: A randomized, prospective study. SETTING: Single-center clinical hospital affiliated with a university. PARTICIPANTS: 208 patients underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. INTERVENTIONS: All patients received endotracheal inhalational anesthesia with fixed minimal FGF. Half of them were anesthetized by sevoflurane and another half by isoflurane. The…

Perioperative Care and Outcomes of Patients with Brain Tumors Undergoing Elective Craniotomy: Experience from an Ethiopian Tertiary-Care Hospital.

OBJECTIVE: To describe patients, perioperative care, and outcomes undergoing supratentorial and infratentorial craniotomy for brain tumor re … ction. Patients were routinely admitted (95%) to floor/wards before craniotomy; Inhaled anesthetic (isoflurane 88%/halothane 12%) was used for maintenance of general anesthesia. Propofol (n = 93, 61%), mannitol (n = 73, 48%), and cerebrospinal fluid drain (n = 28, 18%), were used to facilitate intraoperative brain relaxation, while the use of hyperventilatio …

Embolic occlusion of internal carotid artery in conscious rats: Immediate effects of cerebral ischemia.

In most preclinical models of focal ischemic stroke, vascular occlusion is performed under general anesthesia. However, anesthetic agents exert confounding effects on mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), cerebrovascular tone, oxygen demand, and neurotransmitter receptor transduction. Moreover, the majority of studies do not use a blood clot, which more fully models embolic stroke. Here, we developed a blood clot injection model to produce large cerebral artery ischemia in unanesthetized rats. Under isoflurane anesthesia, an indwelling catheter was implanted in the internal carotid artery via a…

Arterial blood gas tensions during recovery in horses anesthetized with apneustic anesthesia ventilation compared with conventional mechanical ventilation.

OBJECTIVE: To compare PaO2 and PaCO2 in horses recovering from general anesthesia maintained with either apneustic anesthesia ventilation (AAV) or conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV). STUDY DESIGN: Randomized, crossover design. ANIMALS: A total of 10 healthy adult horses from a university-owned herd. METHODS: Dorsally recumbent horses were anesthetized with isoflurane in oxygen [inspired oxygen fraction = 0.3 initially, with subsequent titration to maintain PaO2 ≥ 85 mmHg (11.3 kPa)] and ventilated with AAV or CMV according to predefined criteria [10 mL kg-1 tidal volume, PaCO2 40-45 …

Impact of pharmacological interventions on intrapulmonary shunt during one-lung ventilation in adult thoracic surgery: a systematic review and component network meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Intrapulmonary shunt is a major determinant of oxygenation in thoracic surgery under one-lung ventilation. We reviewed the effec … ined epidural anaesthesia (MD=3%; 95% CI, 1-5; P=0.005), sevoflurane (MD=5%; 95% CI, 2-8; P<0.001), isoflurane (MD=6%; 95% CI, 4-9; P<0.001), and desflurane (MD=9%; 95% CI, 4-14; P=0.001) increased shunt vs propofol. Almitrine (MD=147 mm Hg; 95% CI, 58-236; P=0.001), dopexamine (MD=88 mm Hg; 95% CI, 4-171; P=0.039), and iloprost (MD=81 mm Hg; 95% CI, 4-158; …

Agreement between arterial and central venous blood pH and its contributing variables in anaesthetized dogs with respiratory acidosis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy of variables that influence blood pH, obtained from central venous (jugular vein) blood samples compare … rly by separate injections, anaesthetized with propofol intravenously to effect and maintained with isoflurane in 50% air-oxygen. Arterial and central venous catheters were placed. After 15 minutes of spontaneous breathing, arterial and central venous blood samples were obtained and analysed within 5 minutes, using a bench-top gas analyser. Differences betwe …

Milnacipran Ameliorates Executive Function Impairments following Frontal Lobe Traumatic Brain Injury in Male Rats: A Multimodal Behavioral Assessment.

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) affect more than 10 million patients annually worldwide, causing long-term cognitive and psychosocial impair … s. Adult male rats reached stable pre-injury operant AST (oAST) performance in 3-4 weeks, then were isoflurane-anesthetized, subjected to a unilateral frontal lobe controlled cortical impact (2.4 mm depth, 4 m/sec velocity) or Sham injury, and randomized to treatment conditions. Milnacipran (30 mg/kg/day) or vehicle (VEH; 10% ethanol in saline) was administe …

Anesthetic and analgesic techniques used for dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomies in general practice in the United States.

OBJECTIVE: To acquire information about anesthesia and analgesia protocols used by United States (US) veterinarians in primary care practice … hone (475; 39%) or butorphanol (463; 38%), with propofol (637; 67%) for induction of anesthesia and isoflurane (882; 73%) for maintenance of anesthesia. Most veterinarians reported placing intravenous catheters (945; 78%), administering electrolyte solutions (747; 67%) and providing heat support (1160; 96%). Perioperative and postoperative analgesia included …

Impact of endotracheal tube size and cuff pressure on tracheal and laryngeal mucosa of adult horses.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of two sizes of silicone endotracheal tubes with internal diameter 26 mm (ETT26) and 30 mm (ETT30) inflated to minimum occlusive volume on tracheal and laryngeal mucosa of adult horses anesthetized for 2 hours with isoflurane. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, blinded, crossover experimental study. ANIMALS: A total of eight healthy adult mares. METHODS: Upper airway endoscopy and ultrasound measurements of internal tracheal diameter were performed the day before anesthesia. Horses were anesthetized and orotracheally intubated with ETT26 or ETT30. Ease o…