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COVID-19 у пациентов с множественным склерозом-повествованием.

Множественный склероз (MS) представляет собой сложное нейродегенеративное заболевание, характеризующееся регулированием иммунной дисдукции, которое затрагивает более 2,5 миллиона человек во всем мире. Интересно, что инфекция COVID-19 может вызвать нейродегенерацию путем обезвоживания, аналогичного инфекции MS, а инфекция COVID-19 может привести к долгосрочному неврологическому продолжение, пост-COVID-19 неврологическому синдрому. Эти пересекающиеся неврологические механизмы позволяют предположить, что пациенты с MS (PwMS) могут иметь уникальные и потенциально более сложные отношения с COVID-19

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex neurodegenerative disease characterized by immune dysregulation, affecting over 2.5 million people worldwide. Interestingly, COVID-19 infection can cause neurodegeneration through demyelination similar to that of MS, and COVID-19 infection can lead to long-term neurological sequelae, post-COVID-19 neurological…

[Quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis in the Smolensk region].

OBJECTIVE: To study the quality of life (QoL) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in the Smolensk region who receive MS disease-modifying therapies (DMT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 37 patients receiving MS DMT. The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), the Multiple sclerosis Quality of Life (MusiQol), the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, a scale of satisfaction with treatment, the Fatigue Severity Scale were administered. RESULTS: The results of the survey showed a decrease in QoL of MS patients compared to the control group. The level of disability and the duration …

Дисфагия в множестве склерозов: патофизиология, оценка и обзор управления.

Дисфагия является частым и угрожающим жизни осложнением множественного склероза (МС). На всех этапах НР могут присутствовать недуги, хотя их распространенность возрастает с возрастом, с продолжительностью болезни и в прогрессивных фенотипах. Патофизиология дисфагии в MS, вероятно, объясняется сочетанием различных факторов, включая участие кортикобулбарных трактатов, мозжечка и мозговой стеблей. Точный диагноз и раннее лечение расстройств, связанных с глотанием, повышают качество жизни и могут откладывать осложнения или инвазивные терапевтические меры. Здесь мы приводим обзор патофизиологии, оц

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Dysphagia is a frequent and life-threatening complication of multiple sclerosis (MS). Swallowing disturbances may be present at all stages of MS, although their prevalence increases with age, with disease duration, and in progressive phenotypes. The pathophysiology of dysphagia in MS is likely due to a combination of factors, including the involvement of cor…

Оценка изменений в геморрологических переменных у пациентов с множественным склерозом.

Множественный склероз (MS) — нейродегенеративное состояние, обусловленное главным образом дисрегуляцией иммунной системы. Однако появляющиеся данные свидетельствуют о том, что дополнительные факторы, такие, как нейродегенерация, независимо от иммунных процессов, могут также способствовать патологии MS. С учетом значительного числа случаев гипоперизолирования головного мозга, наблюдавшихся у пациентов с церебральным кровотечением от раннего до продвинутого этапа заболевания, исследование гемореологии или револогии крови, которое включает изучение свойств кровотока крови и плазменных белковых со

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative condition primarily attributed to immune system dysregulation. However, emerging evidence suggests that additional factors, such as neurodegeneration independent of immune processes, may also contribute to MS pathology. Given the significant cerebral hypoperfusion observed in MS patients from the ear…

Retinal Periphlebitis May Be a Marker for Subphenotype in Multiple Sclerosis.

Retinal periphlebitis (RPP) is a long-known entity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and has not been revisited in the context of recent developments in MS pathogenesis and heterogeneity. We present six cases of RPP in three female and three male MS patients. They all have relapsing-remitting MS and did not have or had minor ocular symptoms. It is important to perform a thorough retinal examination in patients with MS, as peripheral and sectorial lesions could be unseen. A better knowledge on the concomitant involvement of retinal veins contributes to the understanding of immunopatholog…

Exosomes in multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease - Adversary and ally.

Neuroinflammation and the resulting neurodegeneration is a big challenge for the healthcare system, especially with the aging population. Ne … biogenesis, composition, and its role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the context of multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. The emerging roles of exosomes as biomarkers of neurologic diseases and as therapeutic delivery vehicles are also discussed. With all of these varying roles, interest and excitement in exosomes continue to grow exponentially …

A mixture model for differentiating longitudinal courses of multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis has a broad spectrum of clinical courses. Early identification of patients at greater risk of accumulating disability is essential. OBJECTIVES: Identify groups of patients with similar presentation through a mixture model and predict their trajectories over the years. METHODS: Retrospective study of patients from 1994 to 2019. We performed a latent profile analysis followed by a latent transition analysis based on eight parameters: age, disease duration, EDSS, number of relapses, multi-topographic symptoms, motor impairment, sphincter impairment, and infratento…

Utility of the visual system to monitor neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis.

Neurodegeneration occurs early in the multiple sclerosis (MS) disease course and is an important driver of permanent disability. Current immunomodulatory therapies do not directly target neuronal health; thus, there is a critical need to develop neuroprotective strategies in MS. Outcome measures in clinical trials primarily evaluate disease activity and clinical disability scores rather than measures of neurodegeneration. The visual system provides a noninvasive correlate of brain atrophy and neuronal function through structural and functional exams. Furthermore, optic nerve axons and their re…

Impact of multiple sclerosis on male sexual and reproductive health.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune neurodegenerative disease characterized by the destruction of myelin in the central nervous system, leading to significant health and quality of life burdens for patients. MS is most prevalent in younger individuals aged 20-40, a critical period when many patients hope to establish relationships and start families. While neurological disability, such as fatigue, sensory dysfunction, spasticity, and cognitive dysfunction, have been greatly improved with the advances in managing MS, physicians are frequently confronted with sexual …

Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number as a Biomarker of Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). In its early stages, it results in inflammation, demyelination, and axonal loss. Egypt has the highest rates in the Middle East region. The pathogenicity of MS involves mitochondrial function. Damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can produce variation in the copy number (CN) and decline in mitochondrial function. Our goal was to determine the potential of mtDNA-CN as a biomarker of MS and the progression of the disease. The study included 25 patients with relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) and 25 a…

How to explore and explain autonomic changes in multiple sclerosis.

Autonomic dysfunction (AD) in people with MS (pwMS) is a frequent finding. This narrative review will present an overview of central neural … pwMS and the use of appropriate tests. While performing ANS testing in pwMS one has to consider the multiple sclerosis phenotypes, disease duration, and its activity, the degree of clinical disability of patients included in the study, and the disease-modifying therapies taken, as these factors may have a great influence on the results of ANS testing. In other words …

Trigeminal neuralgia in multiple sclerosis: Association with demyelination and progression.

BACKGROUND: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a well-recognized symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS), yet its clinical characteristics related to MS subtype is poorly studied. Our aim was to evaluate whether development and clinical outcome of TN are influenced by MS phenotype. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, our database from 2007 to 2022 was reviewed to identify patients who had both the diagnosis of MS and TN, whether TN was an initial symptom of MS or developed later in diagnosis. A detailed medical history and treatment outcome was obtained. Pain status was assessed retrospectively…

The impact of ketogenic diet on the onset and progression of multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by inflammation and neurodegeneration. Current research suggests that diet may influence disease course, severity of symptoms, and quality of life in MS patients. The ketogenic diet (KD) has been used for more than a century as a therapeutic approach for various medical conditions. It was originally developed in the 1920s as a treatment option for epilepsy, and especially in the last 30 years, has gained popularity for its potential benefits in a variety of neurological conditions other th…

Changes in Gut Microbiota and Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review.

IntroductionMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative disease mediated by autoimmune reactions against myelin proteins and gangliosides in the grey and white matter of the brain and spinal cord. It is considered one of the most common neurological diseases of non-traumatic origin in young people, especially in women. Recent studies point to a possible association between MS and gut microbiota. Intestinal dysbiosis has been observed, as well as an alteration of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, although clinical data remain scarce and inconclusive.ObjectiveTo …

Hormonal Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis: a Review of Clinical Data.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Given the potential for exogenous hormones to influence risk and course of MS, this narrative review aims to summarize current knowledge from observational and interventional studies of exogenous hormones in humans with MS. RECENT FINDINGS: Large randomized clinical trials for combined oral contraceptives and estriol both show modest effect on inflammatory activity, with the latter showing potential neuroprotective effect. After fertility treatment, large actively treated cohorts have not confirmed any elevated risk of relapse. Preclinical data suggest that androgens, selec

Prevalence of fibromyalgia in a Brazilian series of patients with multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of pain in patients with multiple sclerosis is remarkable. Fibromyalgia has been considered as one of the forms of chronic pain encompassed in multiple sclerosis, but data are restricted to studies from Europe and North America. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of fibromyalgia in a series of Brazilian patients with multiple sclerosis and the characteristics of this comorbidity. METHODS: The present cross-sectional study included 60 consecutive adult patients with multiple sclerosis. Upon consent, participants underwent a thorough evaluation for disability, fatig…

Multiple sclerosis and bowel symptoms: Frequency and barriers to their management.

BACKGROUND: The frequency of bowel symptoms (BSs) is still a matter for debate in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. However, BSs have been shown to cause significant distress. Our study aimed to (i) investigate the frequency of BSs, particularly those that are not managed, (ii) identify potential predictors for help-seeking care for patients with BSs, and (iii) evaluate the ability of the Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction (NBD) score to screen for BSs. METHOD: Three hundred sixty-nine MS patients completed a cross-sectional demographic and clinical survey of MS and BSs and their management. RESUL…

Multiple Sclerosis Is Associated With Achalasia and Diffuse Esophageal Spasm.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease characterized by the demyelination of primarily the central nervous system. Diffuse esophageal spasm (DES) and achalasia are both disorders of esophageal peristalsis which cause clinical symptoms of dysphagia. Mechanisms involving dysfunction of the pre- and post-ganglionic nerve fibers of the myenteric plexus have been proposed. We sought to determine whether MS confers an increased risk of developing achalasia or DES. METHODS: Cohort analysis was done using the Explorys database. Univariate logistic regression was performed…

Treatment of multiple sclerosis with rituximab: A Spanish multicenter experience.

INTRODUCTION: Rituximab (RTX) is considered a potential therapeutic option for relapsing-remitting (RRMS) and progressive forms (PMS) of multiple sclerosis (MS). The main objective of this work was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of rituximab in MS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Observational multicenter study of clinical and radiological effectiveness and safety of rituximab in RRMS and PMS. RESULTS: A total of 479 rituximab-treated patients were included in 12 Spanish centers, 188 RRMS (39.3%) and 291 (60.7%) PMS. Despite standard treatment, the annualized relapse rate (ARR) the year b…

Vaccines and the Risk of Hospitalization for Multiple Sclerosis Flare-Ups.

IMPORTANCE: Scientific literature is sparse about the association of vaccination with the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS) flare-ups. Immunization by vaccines of the entire population is crucially important for public health. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of hospitalization for severe MS flare-ups after vaccination in patients with MS. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study included patients diagnosed with MS between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2017, who were included in the System of National Health Databases, a national health claims database in France. In a nested case-c…