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Antimycobacterial and Antifungal Activities of Leaf Extracts From Trichilia emetica.

The global problem of infectious and deadly diseases caused by microbes such as candida and mycobacteria presents major scientific and medic … the membrane integrity of the test organisms were determined using propidium iodide, which binds to nucleic acids, and the Bradford reagent, which reacts with proteins. The ethyl acetate and 70% ethanolic aqueous extracts were most potent against the organisms tested with MICs ranging from 125 to 1000 μg/mL. However, the two extracts did not inhibit the growth …

Circulating biosignatures in multiple myeloma and their role in multidrug resistance.

A major obstacle to chemotherapeutic success in cancer treatment is the development of drug resistance. This occurs when a tumour fails to r … covered by us, through alternative pathways mediated by the transfer of functional MDR proteins and nucleic acids by extracellular vesicles (M Bebawy V Combes E Lee R Jaiswal J Gong A Bonhoure GE Grau, 23 9 1643 1649, 2009).Multiple myeloma is an incurable cancer of bone marrow plasma cells. Treatment involves high dose combination chemotherapy and patient resp …

Визуализация вирусных потенциальных CDNA в инфекционных фракциях мозга от болезни Креуцфельдта-Якоба с помощью анализа репрезентативных различий.

Болезнь Креуцфельдта-Якоба (CJD), нейродегенеративная и слабоумная болезнь более поздней жизни, вызвана вирусно-подобным существом, которое не полностью описано. Как и в скрипке, все более очищенные инфекционные препараты мозга содержат нуклеиновые кислоты. Однако представить уникальные группы, которые могут вытекать из вирусного генома, не представляется возможным. Мы здесь использовали стратегию вытяжения, известную как анализ репрезентативных различий (RDA), для выявления таких последовательностей. Для снижения сложности запуска целевых нуклеиновых кислот для отбора нуклеиновых резистентных

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD), a neurodegenerative and dementing disease of later life, is caused by a viruslike entity that is incompletely characterized. As in scrapie, all more purified infectious brain preparations contain nucleic acids. However, it has not been possible to visualize unique bands that may derive from a viral genome. We here used a subt…

Therapeutic role of exosomes and conditioned medium in keloid and hypertrophic scar and possible mechanisms.

Exosomes, ranging from 40 to 160 nm in diameter, are extracellular lipid bilayer microvesicles that regulate the body's physiological and pathological processes and are secreted by cells that contain proteins, nucleic acids, amino acids and other metabolites. Previous studies suggested that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes could either suppress or support keloid and hypertrophic scar progression. Although previous research has identified the potential value of MSC-exosomes in keloid and hypertrophic scar, a comprehensive analysis of different sources of MSC-exosome in keloid and hy…

[Determination of the quantitative content of lipids in a biological material by the method of IR spectroscopy.].

A modification of the Folch method has been proposed for the quantitative determination of lipids in biological material, in which, after extraction of lipids with a chloroform / ethanol mixture, lipids are determined using IR spectroscopy. The bands corresponding to the stretching and deformation vibrations of the methyl and methylene groups of lipids and fatty acids were selected as analytical absorption bands: 1396, 1458, 2853, and 2923 cm- 1. These bands do not intersect with the absorption bands of proteins ad nucleic acids, thus avoiding the stage of preliminary cleaning of lipids from n…

[Biological function of some elements and their compounds. III. Zinc--component and activator of enzymes].

Zinc plays many basic metabolic functions in human organism as a co-enzymatic or activator about 80 enzymes. It participates in metabolic changes of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates. Zinc easily binds with nucleic acids with beneficial effect on active transport, protein biosynthesis, transcription, and mRNA synthesis. It is inevitable for proper functioning of the respiratory and reproductive systems. Zinc acts protectively in lead and cadmium poisoning and it participates in the elimination of free superoxide radicals (it inhibits of oxygenation of non-saturated fatty acids). It enables no…

A unified intermediate-resolution framework for modeling biomolecular condensates at near-cellular complexity.

Biomolecular condensates, formed through phase separation of multivalent biomolecules, are central to cellular organization and function. Here, we present a unified, physics-based intermediate-resolution framework for efficient and quantitative simulation of biomolecular phase separation at near-cellular complexity. The framework integrates the HyRes protein and iConNA nucleic acid models to explicitly describe major driving forces and capture transient local and global structural features underlying phase transitions. With well-balanced hydrogen bonding, electrostatic, cation-π, and hydrophob

A functionalized magnetic nanoparticle regulated CRISPR-Cas12a sensor for the ultrasensitive detection of alpha-fetoprotein.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is an important clinical tumor marker of hepatoblastoma, and the concentration of AFP in serum is closely related to the staging of hepatoblastoma. We report a magnetic bead separation platform based on a switching aptamer triggered hybridization chain reaction (SAT-HCR) and the CRISPR-Cas12a sensor for the in vitro detection of AFP. AFP aptamer, as an easily regulated nucleic acid strand, is responsible for binding to AFP into nucleic acid detection, while HCR-CRISPR-Cas12a, regulated by functionalized magnetic nanoparticles, is responsible for highly specific nucleic

A wearable microfluidic device for rapid detection of HIV-1 DNA using recombinase polymerase amplification.

Although isothermal nucleic acid amplification is advantageous in pathogen detection in resource-limited settings, an electricity-dependent heating module is often required. Here, we developed a wearable microfluidic device combined with recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) for simple and rapid amplification of HIV-1 DNA using human body heat. The human body temperature at the human wrist varied from 33 to 34 °C in the ambient environment, which is sufficient to perform RPA reactions. With the aid of a cellphone-based fluorescence detection system, this device detected HIV-1 DNA quantita

Increased incidence of cytomegalovirus but not Chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerotic lesions of arteries of lower extremities from patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing amputation.

AIMS: To evaluate the association between cytomegalovirus (CMV) or Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and the development of accelerated atherosclerotic lesions in patients with diabetes who are known to have an impaired immune response to infection and a high incidence of atherosclerosis. METHODS: Two hundred arterial samples from patients with diabetes who had undergone surgical amputation for gangrenous lower limbs were selected to assess the presence of CMV or C pneumoniae nucleic acid by means of the polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: CMV nucleic acid sequences were detected in 64 of 200 (

Hybridization Networks of mRNA and Branched RNA Hybrids.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is emerging as an attractive biopolymer for therapy and vaccination. To become suitable for vaccination, mRNA is usuall … with the branched hybrids at 1 M NaCl concentration, biomaterials formed that contained both of the nucleic acids. These results show that branched oligoribonucleotides are an alternative to the often toxic reagents commonly used to formulate mRNA for medical applications.

The role of the 2'-OH group in phase separation and percolation transitions of RNA.

Mg2+ ion-dependent RNA liquid-liquid phase separation with lower critical solution temperatures is driven by the phosphate backbone and modulated by the solvation property of nucleobases. Here, we report a key role of the 2'-OH group of the ribose sugar in RNA condensation in the presence of divalent cations. We show that 2'-deoxyribose inhibits nucleic acid phase separation and suppresses the intra-condensate networking transition, known as percolation, that underlies condensate dynamical arrest. All-atom simulations reveal increased solvation and compaction of single-stranded DNA compared to

Rational Design and Screening of Chemically Modified Anti-SARS-CoV-2 siRNA.

To realize the therapeutic potential of RNA interference against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, strategic chemical modifications are crucial for enhancing the siRNA stability and potency. In this study, 200 siRNAs were screened to identify effective candidates that targeted the highly conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene and identified VS-38m as a lead compound. Building on this scaffold, we systematically evaluated a series of modification patterns by introducing 2'-fluoro (2'-F) and 2'-O-methyl (2'-OMe) substitutions at specific positions on both the guide and sense

Fusing Allosteric Ribozymes with CRISPR-Cas12a for Efficient Diagnostics of Small Molecule Targets.

The CRISPR-Cas systems are adopted as powerful molecular tools for not only genetic manipulation but also point-of-care diagnostics. However, methods to enable diagnostics of non-nucleic-acid targets with these systems are still limited. Herein, by fusing ligand-dependent allosteric ribozymes with CRISPR-Cas12a, a derived CRISPR-Cas system is created for efficient quantitative analysis of non-nucleic-acid targets in 1-2 h. On two different small molecules, the system's generality, reliability and accuracy is demonstrated, and show that the well operability of this system can enable high-throug

A robust, hand-powered, instrument-free sample preparation system for point-of-care pathogen detection.

Here, we describe a simple, universal protocol for use in nucleic acid testing-based pathogen diagnostics, which requires only hand-powered sample preparation, including the processes of pathogen enrichment and nucleic acid isolation. The protocol uses low-cost amine-functionalized diatomaceous earth with a 1-μm Teflon filter as a reaction matrix in both stages of the process, using homobifunctional imidoesters. Using a simple syringe as a pump, the capture efficiency for a large sample volume (<50 mL) was enhanced by up to 98.3%, and the detection limit was 1 CFU/mL, 100-fold better than that

At the crossroads of immunity and hijacking: dual roles of DDX proteins during host-virus interactions.

The DEAD-box (DDX) protein family, constituting a critical subgroup of the Superfamily 2 (SF2) helicase family, plays extensive roles in nucleic acid metabolism, gene expression regulation and innate immune signaling, and exerts a key regulatory role during viral infection. During viral infection, DDX proteins function as both RNA helicases and host restriction factors, exerting antiviral effects by recognizing viral nucleic acids, regulating signaling pathways and maintaining the host immune response. Conversely, through complex and diverse mechanisms, viruses can hijack or antagonize DDX pro…

A two-residue nascent-strand steric gate controls synthesis of 2'-O-methyl- and 2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)-RNA.

Steric exclusion is a key element of enzyme substrate specificity, including in polymerases. Such substrate specificity restricts the enzymatic synthesis of 2'-modified nucleic acids, which are of interest in nucleic-acid-based drug development. Here we describe the discovery of a two-residue, nascent-strand, steric control 'gate' in an archaeal DNA polymerase. We show that engineering of the gate to reduce steric bulk in the context of a previously described RNA polymerase activity unlocks the synthesis of 2'-modified RNA oligomers, specifically the efficient synthesis of both defined and ran…

Core-Shell Structured Chitosan-Polyethylenimine Nanoparticles for Gene Delivery: Improved Stability, Cellular Uptake, and Transfection Efficiency.

The delivery of nucleic acids relies on vectors that condense and encapsulate their cargo. Especially nonviral gene delivery systems are of increasing interest. However, low transgene expression levels and limited tolerability of these systems remain a challenge. The improvement of nucleic acid delivery using depolymerized chitosan-polyethylenimine DNA complexes (dCS-PEI/DNA) is investigated. The secore complexes are further combined with chitosan-based shells and functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and cell penetrating peptides. This modular approach allows to evaluate the effect of…

Mimicking exogenous amino acids: Raman-based and machine learning tracking of Colon cancer cells metabolism.

Amino acids are fundamental biomolecules that constitute the building blocks of proteins. Monitoring their dysregulation and fluctuations se … e Raman biomarkers - 1088/1262, 1444/1660, 1580/1004, and 1630/1444 - that correspond to changes in nucleic acids, lipids/lipids+Amide I, proteins, and lipids, respectively, in both normal and cancer cells supplemented with amino acids. These findings underscore the significant potential of Raman spectroscopy and Raman imaging as powerful tools for investigatin …