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Chromosomal evolution of the PKD1 gene family in primates.

BACKGROUND: The autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is mostly caused by mutations in the PKD1 (polycystic kidney disease 1) … the PKD1 pseudogenes may have arisen in a common ancestor of Homo, Pan and Gorilla approximately 8 MYA. Reticulate evolutionary processes such as gene conversion and non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR) may have resulted in concerted evolution of PKD1 family members in human and chimpanzee and, thus, simulate an independent evolution of the PK …

Effect of triploidy on liver gene expression in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) under different metabolic states.

BACKGROUND: Triploid coho salmon are excellent models for studying gene dosage and the effects of increased cell volume on gene expression. Triploids have an additional haploid genome in each cell and have fewer but larger cells than diploid coho salmon to accommodate the increased genome size. Studying gene expression in triploid coho salmon provides insight into how gene expression may have been affected after the salmonid-specific genome duplication which occurred some 90 MYA. Triploid coho salmon are sterile and consequently can live longer and grow larger than diploid congeners in many se…

Development of molecular markers for marker-assisted breeding and quality evaluation of Aconitum carmichaelii cultivars.

BACKGROUND: Aconitum carmichaelii (AC), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, provides substantial economic benefits to the pharmaceutical i … ral production. The divergence time of AC was estimated to be approximately 1.38 million years ago (Mya). Additionally, the total content of monoester alkaloids (benzoylaconitine, benzoylmesaconine, and benzoylhypacoitine) ranged from 0.07 to 0.12 mg/g, while diester alkaloids (aconitine, meaconitine, and hypoaconitine) ranged from 1.22 to 1.82 mg/g. …

Danger in the Canopy. Comparative Proteomics and Bioactivities of the Venoms of the South American Palm Pit Viper Bothrops bilineatus Subspecies bilineatus and smaragdinus and Antivenomics of B. b. bilineatus (Rondônia) Venom against the Brazilian Pentabothropic Antivenom.

We report a structural and functional proteomics characterization of venoms of the two subspecies (Bothrops bilineatusbilineatus and B. b. s … the venom of the last common ancestor of the Bothrops ″jararaca″ and ″taeniatus″ clades, about 8.5 Mya in the mid-late Miocene epoch of the Cenozoic era. The mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the data set identifiers PXD020043, PXD020026, and PXD020013.

ERK1 and ERK2 present functional redundancy in tetrapods despite higher evolution rate of ERK1.

BACKGROUND: The Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway is involved in essential cell processes and it is abnormally activated in ~30 % of cancers … RK isoforms appeared by a single gene duplication at the onset of vertebrate evolution at least 400 Mya. Our results demonstrate that tetrapods can live by expressing either one or both ERK isoforms, supporting the notion that ERK1/2 act interchangeably. Substrate recognition sites and catalytic cleft are nearly invariant in all vertebrate ERKs furthe …

Gene Duplication, Translocation, and Molecular Evolution of Dmrt1 and Related Sex-Determining Genes in Anurans.

Sex determination, the developmental process that directs embryos toward male or female fates, is controlled by master sex-determining genes … and sex chromosome turnover, we analyzed 53 published anuran genomes and one caecilian genome (>200 Mya divergence) and available transcriptomes. We asked how often master sex-determining genes arise by gene duplication, whether and how often gene translocation associates with sex chromosome turnover, and if master sex-determining genes evolve under p …

Complete mitochondrial genome analyzes of four gerbil species (Rodentia: Gerbillinae) distributed in Türkiye.

BACKGROUND: The genus Meriones Illiger, 1811 is widely distributed in the Middle East, Northern Africa, and Central Asia. In spite of many s … f the phylogenetic approach. It was also calculated that the species mentioned above diverged 11.04 MYA (95% HPD: 7.94-14.68), corresponding to the Late Miocene Epoch. CONCLUSION: In contrast to previous studies, this study supports the paraphyly of subgenus Pallasiomys regarding the M. persicus' position with high reliability results. Besides, the p …

Craniofacial Evolution and Alveolar Bone Loss: A Lesson From Hominins.

BACKGROUND: In hominins, the reduction of prognathism during craniofacial evolution was a significant derived trait differentiating Homo from earlier hominins and other apes and might have contributed significantly to calvarial expansion and encephalization. Gnathic remains of Australopithecus africanus , A. robustus , Homo habilis, and H. erectus from the Plio-Pleistocene boundary 5.3-2.6 MYA were studied for evidence of alveolar bone (AB) loss indicative of periodontal disease(s). AB loss may provide critical insights into craniofacial evolution and the divergence of Homo from the Australopi…

Silver(I) and Copper(II) complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione inhibit Sporothrix brasiliensis azole-resistant clinical isolates.

BACKGROUND: Sporothrix brasiliensis is the principal etiological agent responsible for cat-transmitted zoonotic sporotrichosis, which is cur … ; "non-wild type" NWT = MIC ≥ 4 µg/mL). The American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) S. brasiliensis MYA 4823 was included. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) of phendione, its metal complexes, and simple silver and copper salts were evaluated against S. brasiliensis saprophytic and parasitic phase …

Snake venomics and venom gland transcriptomic analysis of Brazilian coral snakes, Micrurus altirostris and M. corallinus.

The venom proteomes of Micrurus altirostris and M. corallinus were analyzed by combining snake venomics and venom gland transcriptomic surve … rts the view of a recruitment event predating the divergence of Elapidae and Viperidae more than 60 Mya. The toxin profile of both M. altirostris and M. corallinus venoms points to 3FTxs and PLA(2) molecules as the major players of the envenoming process. In M. altirostris venom, all major, and most minor, 3FTxs display highest similarity to type I α- …

Multiple genotypes of Taenia solium--ramifications for diagnosis, treatment and control.

Mitochondrial DNA sequences of Taenia solium have fully been analyzed. Analysis of the full length of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (1620 b … . These results together with recent study of the ancient of human taeniid cestodes emerged several MYA in Africa, historical data on swine domestication, distribution of pigs and colonization patterns suggest that T. solium was introduced recently into Latin America and Africa from different regions of Europe during the colonial age, which started 50 …

Importance of Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) Emitter Configuration for the Attenuation of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida auris Pathogens.

BACKGROUND: The relative importance of different ultraviolet-C (UV-C) emitter configurations on the attenuation of vegetative bacterial and fungal pathogens has not been assessed. We hypothesized that emitter configuration would impact the efficacy of UV-C attenuation of Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus) and Candida auris (C. auris) pathogens. METHODS: American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) S. aureus (ATCC 6538) and C. auris (ATCC MYA-5001) carriers (ReadyNowTM Test Carriers, Stratix Labs Corporation, Saint Paul, MN) were mounted on an aluminum stand along with three calibrated radiometers …

Лечение чернокожих и белых пожилых людей с множественной миеломой: анализ SEER-Medicare.

Цель настоящего исследования заключается в том, чтобы описать время начала лечения чернокожих и белых пожилых людей с множественными миеломой (ММ) и проверить гипотезу о том, что различия между чернокожими и белыми в начале лечения с течением времени возросли.65+) диагноз миэломы 2007-2017 были выявлены в базе данных SEER-Medicare. Непрерывное медицинское обслуживание 12 за месяцы до и после диагностики или до смерти, а также по части D 12 - месяцев после диагностики или до смерти. Мы изучали время начала лечения по расовому признаку three период диагностирования2007-10, 2011-2014, 2015-2017)

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… Mya L. Roberson: conceptualization (equal), writing – review and editing (equal). Sascha A. Tuchman: conceptualization (equal), investigation (equal), writing – review and editing (equal). Samuel M. Rubinstein: conceptualization (equal), investigation (equal), writing – review and editing (equal). … Mya L. Roberson: Consulting work with National Committee for Quality Assurance Outside the Scope of the Submitted Work. Sascha Tuchman: Honoraria/advisory board: Sanofi, GSK, Prothena, Kedrion; Research funding: Karyopharm, Sanofi, Caelum, Abbvie, BMS, Janssen. …

Taxonomy, biogeography and evolution of thirty-four taxa in Phytophthora Clade 7a including eleven new species from natural forests and updated descriptions for P. fragariae, P. rubi and the 'P. ×alni hybrid complex'.

Over the past three decades, surveys in natural and managed ecosystems, driven mainly by forest biosecurity issues, have greatly expanded kn … merica, Europe and Asia which probably reflects an original Laurasian ancestral distribution ~90-80 Mya and subsequent post-Laurasian migrations and radiations. It is comprised of predominantly soilborne and aquatic species with non-papillate non-caducous sporangia, though some may have facultative adaptations to a degree of aerial dispersal. The larg …

Ancient genes establish stress-induced mutation as a hallmark of cancer.

Cancer is sometimes depicted as a reversion to single cell behavior in cells adapted to live in a multicellular assembly. If this is the case, one would expect that mutation in cancer disrupts functional mechanisms that suppress cell-level traits detrimental to multicellularity. Such mechanisms should have evolved with or after the emergence of multicellularity. This leads to two related, but distinct hypotheses: 1) Somatic mutations in cancer will occur in genes that are younger than the emergence of multicellularity (1000 million years [MY]); and 2) genes that are frequently mutated in cance

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… mutation will avoid regions of the genome with deep-evolutionary roots, and thus occur in genes that are younger than the emergence of multicellularity (1000 million years [MY]); and 2) genes that are frequently mutated in cancer and whose mutations trigger the cancer subroutine evolved between 500–1000 MYA … or with the evolution of complex multicellularity (<500 MYA), and thus would exhibit an age distribution that is skewed to younger genes. …

Molecular diversity and phenotypic pleiotropy of ancient genomic regulatory loci derived from human endogenous retrovirus type H (HERVH) promoter LTR7 and HERVK promoter LTR5_Hs and their contemporary impacts on pathophysiology of Modern Humans.

Timelines of population-level effects of viruses on humans varied from the evolutionary scale of million years to contemporary spread of vir … offspring survival (MOS) genes seem to remain one of consistent regulatory targets throughout ~ 30 MYA of the divergent evolution of LTR7 loci. Differential GSEA of MOS versus non-MOS genes identified clearly discernable dominant enrichment patterns of phenotypic traits affected by MOS genes linked with LTR7 (562 MOS genes) and LTR5_Hs (126 MOS genes …

CRISTISPIRA IN NORTH AMERICAN SHELLFISH. A NOTE ON A SPIRILLUM FOUND IN OYSTERS.

Ten varieties of North American shellfish were examined for the occurrence of Cristispira in their styles. A cristispira was found in various numbers in Ostrea virginiana, Venus mercenaria, and Modiola modiolus, but none in Ensis americana, Mya arenaria, Mactra solidissima, Pecten irradians, Mytilus edulis, Fulgur canaliculatus, or Nassa obsoleta. Of 298 oysters, only 128 showed the crystalline styles, in which cristispiras were present in 99. Active cristispiras were found in 59 styles only and degenerated forms in the remaining 40. In 110 clams (Venus mercenaria) 70 styles were found, and on…

Long-term disease control by pomalidomide-/dexamethasone-based therapy in a patient with advanced multiple myeloma: a case report and review of the literature.

BackgroundTherapy for multiple myeloma (MM) has substantially improved in the era of immunomodulatory drugs and bortezomib. However, the prognosis of patients with progressive disease despite treatment with these 'novel agents' remains poor. Recently, pomalidomide was approved in this setting, but a median progression-free survival of Case reportWe present the case of a 68-year-old woman with refractory MM who received pomalidomide in combination with various drugs including anthracyclines, alkylators and proteasome inhibitors. Initially, major hematological toxicities and infectious complicat

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… Mya DH, Han ST, Linn YC, Hwang WY, Goh YT, Tan DC. Risk of hepatitis B reactivation and the role of novel agents and stem-cell transplantation in multiple myeloma patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Ann Oncol. 2012;23:421–426. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdr142. 12. …

Потребность в помощи и соответствующий вопросник для семей, обеспечивающих уход за пациентами с множественной миеломой: исследование по вопросам развития и перекрестной проверки.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: В течение всего периода болезни пациентов с множественной миеломой (ММ) те, кто ухаживает за членами семьи, играют важнейшую вспомогательную роль, и они сами имеют вспомогательные потребности в уходе (СХН), которые зачастую не удовлетворяются. Одной из неотложных проблем является быстрое и точное выявление удовлетворяемых и неудовлетворенных потребностей семей, обеспечивающих уход за членами семьи. ЦЕЛИ: Разработка вопросника для лиц, осуществляющих уход за пациентами с множественной миеломой, в целях удовлетворения потребностей в поддержке и снабжения, а также оценка ег

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… Koo TK, Li MYA. Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research. J Chiropr Med. 2016;15:155–63. 28. Tavakol M, Dennick R. Making sense of Cronbach’s alpha. Int J Med Educ. 2011;2:53–5. 29. Rattray J, Jones MC. …

Oral Candida carriage and resistance against common antifungal agents in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients.

PurposeAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients receiving long-term and high-dose immunosuppressive medications suffer commonly from oral candida infections. This prospective cohort study examined oral fungal carriage in HSCT recipients and screened the susceptibility against commonly used antifungal agents. An increasing oral occurrence of Candida spp. and the development of resistance against clinically administered fluconazole were hypothesized.MethodsTwo hundred HSCT recipients were included and followed up for 2 years post-HSCT. Oral microbiological specimens were a

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… The quality control of the susceptibility testing was performed twice on the following type strains of C. albicans (ATCC®90029TM), C. dubliniensis (ATCC®MYA-646TM), C. glabrata (ZIB9109), C. krusei (ATCC®6258TM), C. parapsilosis (ZIB9113), and C. tropicalis (ATCC®750TM). …