Результаты поиска

Bone Disease in HIV: Need for Early Diagnosis and Prevention.

The transformation of HIV into a manageable chronic condition has unveiled new clinical challenges associated with aging-related pathologies, including bone disease. This review explores the intricate relationship between HIV, antiretroviral therapy (ART), and bone disease, highlighting the necessity of early diagnosis and preventative strategies to mitigate the increased risk of osteopenia, osteoporosis, and fractures in people living with HIV (PLWHIV). It synthesizes the current literature to elucidate the multifactorial etiology of bone pathology in this population, that includes direct vir

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… The p55-gag and REV viral proteins, in particular, have been shown to reduce the expression and activity of RUNX2, a critical transcription factor for osteogenesis, and to increase the activity of PPARgamma, a transcription factor associated with adipogenesis, suggesting a shift in the differentiation …

Piper nigrum Extract: Dietary Supplement for Reducing Mammary Tumor Incidence and Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity.

A low piperine fractional Piper nigrum extract (PFPE) was prepared by mixing cold-pressed coconut oil and honey in distilled water, namely, PFPE-CH. In this study, PFPE-CH was orally administered as a dietary supplement to decrease the risk of tumor formation and reduce the side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs during breast cancer treatment. The toxicity study demonstrated no mortality or adverse effects after administrating PFPE-CH at 5000 mg/kg during a 14-day observation period. Additionally, PFPE-CH at 86 mg/kg BW/day did not cause any harm to the kidney or liver function of the rats for

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Effects of amide constituents from pepper on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2008;18:3272–3277. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.04.052. 63. Lee S.W., Rho M.-C., Park H.R., Choi J.-H., Kang J.Y., Lee J.W., Kim K., Lee H.S., Kim Y.K. …

The Role of TAM Receptors in Bone.

The TAM (TYRO3, MERTK, and AXL) family of receptor tyrosine kinases are pleiotropic regulators of adult tissue homeostasis maintaining organ integrity and self-renewal. Disruption of their homeostatic balance fosters pathological conditions like autoinflammatory or degenerative diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematodes, or liver fibrosis. Moreover, TAM receptors exhibit prominent cell-transforming properties, promoting tumor progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance in various cancer entities. Emerging evidence shows that TAM receptors are involved in bone homeostasis

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Dwarfism, impaired skin development, skeletal muscle atrophy, delayed bone development, and impeded adipogenesis in mice lacking Akt1 and Akt2. Genes Dev. 2003;17:1352–1365. doi: 10.1101/gad.1089403. 76. …

Soluble Biomarkers of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis, from Pathway Mapping to Clinical Trials: An Update.

Serum biomarkers of osteoarticular diseases have been in the limelight of current clinical research trends. Laboratory validation of defined and candidate biomarkers for both osteoarthritis and osteoporosis is of key importance for future decisional algorithms in the diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis of these diseases. The current guidelines recommend the use of collagen degradation remnants, eg, CTX-I and CTX-II, in the complementary diagnosis of both osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Besides the collagen degradation markers, enzymes that regulate bone and articular metabolism are useful in

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Complementarily, low grade inflammation related to obesity promotes adipogenesis in the detriment of osteoblastogenesis and calcium absorption, increasing the risk of fractures and osteoporosis. 42 – 44 In a study presented by Ambroszkiewicz et al 45 higher CTX-I levels indicated a defective bone formation …

I

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… IL-11 particularly controls the lymphopoietic and haematopoietic systems, hepatic cells and adipogenesis. It is a growth factor of megakaryocytes and, together with IL-3, participates in the development of thrombocytes. …

Musculoskeletal Organs-on-Chips: An Emerging Platform for Studying the Nanotechnology-Biology Interface.

Nanotechnology-based approaches are promising for the treatment of musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders, which present significant clinical burdens and challenges, but their clinical translation requires a deep understanding of the complex interplay between nanotechnology and MSK biology. Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) systems have emerged as an innovative and versatile microphysiological platform to replicate the dynamics of tissue microenvironment for studying nanotechnology-biology interactions. This review first covers recent advances and applications of MSK OoCs and their ability to mimic the biophysic

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Their study revealed the direct impact of ridge width on MSC cell morphology at the micrometer scale, demonstrating that elongated forms were conducive to osteogenic development, while rounded morphologies promoted adipogenesis. … Additionally, nanonotched surfaces showed enhanced adipogenesis and osteogenic differentiation. …

Influence of the TGF-β Superfamily on Osteoclasts/Osteoblasts Balance in Physiological and Pathological Bone Conditions.

The balance between bone forming cells (osteoblasts/osteocytes) and bone resorbing cells (osteoclasts) plays a crucial role in tissue homeostasis and bone repair. Several hormones, cytokines, and growth factors-in particular the members of the TGF-β superfamily such as the bone morphogenetic proteins-not only regulate the proliferation, differentiation, and functioning of these cells, but also coordinate the communication between them to ensure an appropriate response. Therefore, this review focuses on TGF-β superfamily and its influence on bone formation and repair, through the regulation of

Versatility of 14-3-3 proteins and their roles in bone and joint-related diseases.

Bone and joint-related diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and bone tumors, pose significant health challenges due to their debilitating effects on the musculoskeletal system. 14-3-3 proteins, a family of conserved regulatory molecules, play a critical role in the pathology of these diseases. This review discusses the intricate structure and multifunctionality of 14-3-3 proteins, their regulation of signaling pathways, and their interactions with other proteins. We underscore the significance of 14-3-3 proteins in the regulation of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, chon

How the mechanical microenvironment of stem cell growth affects their differentiation: a review.

Stem cell differentiation is of great interest in medical research; however, specifically and effectively regulating stem cell differentiation is still a challenge. In addition to chemical factors, physical signals are an important component of the stem cell ecotone. The mechanical microenvironment of stem cells has a huge role in stem cell differentiation. Herein, we describe the knowledge accumulated to date on the mechanical environment in which stem cells exist, which consists of various factors, including the extracellular matrix and topology, substrate stiffness, shear stress, hydrostati

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Many studies have demonstrated that microgravity inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs while promoting adipogenesis and chondrogenic differentiation [ 75 , 76 ]. …

Revisiting potential value of antitumor drugs in the treatment of COVID-19.

Since an outbreak started in China in 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly become a worldwide epidemic with high contagiousness and caused mass mortalities of infected cases around the world. Currently, available treatments for COVID-19, including supportive care, respiratory support and antiviral therapy, have shown limited efficacy. Thus, more effective therapeutic modalities are highly warranted. Drug repurposing, as an efficient strategy to explore a potential broader scope of the application of approved drugs beyond their original indications, accelerates the process of d

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… agents Several cytokines involved in COVID-19 including IL-6 mainly act by Janus kinase-Signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling, one important pathway with a pivotal role in various biological processes including hematopoiesis, immune development, inflammation control, adipogenesis …

Gossypol and Its Natural Derivatives: Multitargeted Phytochemicals as Potential Drug Candidates for Oncologic Diseases.

Despite the vast amounts of research and remarkable discoveries that have been made in recent decades, cancer remains a leading cause of death and a major public health concern worldwide. Gossypol, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from the seeds, roots, and stems of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), was first used as a male contraceptive agent. Due to its diverse biological properties, including antifertility, antiviral, antioxidant, antibacterial, antimalarial, and most notably antitumor activities, gossypol has been the subject of numerous studies. Nevertheless, no systematic review has

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… . (−)-Gossypol-enriched cottonseed oil inhibits proliferation and adipogenesis of human breast pre-adipocytes. Anticancer Res. 2013;33:949–956. 5. Amini A., Kamkar F. The effects of gossypol on spermatogenesis in NMRI mice. Iran. J. Sci. Technol. 2005;29:123–133. 6. …

Targeting Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Acute Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer.

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammation and cancer. It is produced by various cells and circulating MIF has been identified as a biomarker for a range of diseases. Extracellular MIF mainly binds to the cluster of differentiation 74 (CD74)/CD44 to activate downstream signaling pathways. These in turn activate immune responses, enhance inflammation and can promote cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Extracellular MIF also binds to the C-X-C chemokine receptors cooperating with or without CD74 to activate chemokine

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… In adipose tissues, D-DT and MIF are differentially expressed and have distinct roles in adipogenesis. While D-DT is negatively correlated with obesity and reverses glucose intolerance, MIF is positively correlated with obesity and insulin resistance ( Kim et al., 2015 ). …

Intracellular Pathways and Mechanisms of Colored Secondary Metabolites in Cancer Therapy.

Despite the great advancements made in cancer treatment, there are still many unsatisfied aspects, such as the wide palette of side effects and the drug resistance. There is an obvious increasing scientific attention towards nature and what it can offer the human race. Natural products can be used to treat many diseases, of which some plant products are currently used to treat cancer. Plants produce secondary metabolites for their signaling mechanisms and natural defense. A variety of plant-derived products have shown promising anticancer properties in vitro and in vivo. Rather than recreating

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Genistein suppresses adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells via multiple signal pathways Phytother. Res. 2009 23 713 718 10.1002/ptr.2724 19107852 138. Martín-Cordero C. López-Lázaro M. Gálvez M. Ayuso M.J. Curcumin as a DNA topoisomerase II poison J. Enzym. Inhib. Med. …

Molecular-Based Treatment Strategies for Osteoporosis: A Literature Review.

Osteoporosis is an unavoidable public health problem in an aging or aged society. Anti-resorptive agents (calcitonin, estrogen, and selective estrogen-receptor modulators, bisphosphonates, anti-receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand antibody along with calcium and vitamin D supplementations) and anabolic agents (parathyroid hormone and related peptide analogs, sclerostin inhibitors) have major roles in current treatment regimens and are used alone or in combination based on the pathological condition. Recent advancements in the molecular understanding of bone metabolism and in bioengin

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Adipose-derived stem cells alleviate osteoporosis by enhancing osteogenesis and inhibiting adipogenesis in a rabbit model. Cytotherapy. 2014;16:1643–1655. doi: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.07.009. 158. …

Cellular and molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy.

Skeletal muscle is a plastic organ that is maintained by multiple pathways regulating cell and protein turnover. During muscle atrophy, proteolytic systems are activated, and contractile proteins and organelles are removed, resulting in the shrinkage of muscle fibers. Excessive loss of muscle mass is associated with poor prognosis in several diseases, including myopathies and muscular dystrophies, as well as in systemic disorders such as cancer, diabetes, sepsis and heart failure. Muscle loss also occurs during aging. In this paper, we review the key mechanisms that regulate the turnover of co

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Dwarfism, impaired skin development, skeletal muscle atrophy, delayed bone development, and impeded adipogenesis in mice lacking Akt1 and Akt2 . Genes Dev. 17 , 1352 – 1365 12782654 10.1101/gad.1089403 PMC196068 Peterson J. M. Bakkar N. Guttridge D. C. ( 2011 ). …

The Role of Irisin and Physical Activity in Breast Cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Irisin, a myokine released during physical activity, has been proposed as a mediator of exercise's protective effects against breast cancer (BC). This review underscores the critical role of irisin in mediating the anticancer effects of exercise and its potential application in BC prevention and prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Studies published up to 2025 were identified in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Data from experimental models, clinical trials, and observational studies were analyzed with emphasis on exercise-induced irisin secretion and its effects on

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… These findings suggest that a similar mechanism may also operate within the tumor microenvironment, particularly in bone metastases, where the balance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis is critical for disease progression ( 213 ). …

Dual COX-2/TNF-α Inhibitors as Promising Anti-inflammatory and Cancer Chemopreventive Agents: A Review.

Cyclooxygenases (COX) play a pivotal role in inflammation and are responsible for the production of prostaglandins (PGs). Two types of COXs have been identified as key biological targets for drug design: Constitutive COX-1 and inducible COX-2. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) target COX-1, while selective COX-2 inhibitors are designed for COX-2. These COX isoforms are involved in multiple physiological and pathological pathways throughout the body. Overproduction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) plays a role in COX-2's inflammatory activity. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha can c

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Furthermore, P38α/MAPK14 is involved in various cellular differentiation processes, such as myogenesis, adipogenesis, and hematopoiesis. …

Early-Onset Osteoporosis: Rare Monogenic Forms Elucidate the Complexity of Disease Pathogenesis Beyond Type I Collagen.

Early-onset osteoporosis (EOOP), characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and fractures, affects children, premenopausal women and men aged <50 years. EOOP may be secondary to a chronic illness, long-term medication, nutritional deficiencies, etc. If no such cause is identified, EOOP is regarded primary and may then be related to rare variants in genes playing a pivotal role in bone homeostasis. If the cause remains unknown, EOOP is considered idiopathic. The scope of this review is to guide through clinical and genetic diagnostics of EOOP, summarize the present knowledge on rare monoge

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Patients with high bone mass phenotype exhibit enhanced osteoblast differentiation and inhibition of adipogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells. J Bone Miner Res. 2007;22(11):1720‐1731. 66. Yorgan TA, Peters S, Jeschke A, et al. …

Significance of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in human health.

In the last decades, the development of new technologies applied to lipidomics has revitalized the analysis of lipid profile alterations and the understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism, together with their involvement in the occurrence of human disease. Of particular interest is the study of omega-3 and omega-6 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), notably EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid, 20:5n-3), DHA (docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6n-3), and ARA (arachidonic acid, 20:4n-6), and their transformation into bioactive lipid mediators. In this sense, new familie

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… However, controversial results have been reported regarding the influence of the dietary ratio of omega-6/omega-3 FAs on body fat increments, mechanisms of adipogenesis, browning of adipose tissue, lipid homeostasis, brain–gut-adipose tissue axis, and systemic inflammation [ 24 , 25 ]. …

Insulin Resistance at the Crossroads of Metabolic Inflammation, Cardiovascular Disease, Organ Failure and Cancer.

Insulin resistance (IR) describes impaired hormone signaling that triggers compensatory homeostatic responses resulting in hyperinsulinemia, increased accumulation of fatty substrates, lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, cell death and fibrosis in target tissues. These processes ultimately lead to organ dysfunction and predispose certain individuals to various types of cancer. In this context, we will review the molecular pathogenesis and clinical significance of IR, its role in 'metaflammation', and the damage caused by IR in the pancreas, cardiovascular system, liver, and kidneys.

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Protease inhibitors | Humans | Acute inhibition of GLUT4-mediated glucose transport, and defective insulin signaling account for IR whereas interference with adipogenesis and adipocyte apoptosis and activation of lipolysis are potential mechanisms of drug-induced lipodystrophy among individuals exposed …