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Investigation on sodium valproate induced germ cell damage, oxidative stress and genotoxicity in male Swiss mice.

Sodium valproate (VPA) is the most widely used antiepileptic drug for the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar psychiatric disorders and migraine. However, long-term VPA treatment has several adverse effects on the reproductive system. The present study was aimed to investigate the possible germ cell toxicity of VPA in mice. Animals were treated with VPA intraperitoneally for 10 and 28 days at the doses of 500 mg/kg-d and 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg-d, respectively, and were sacrificed 24h after the last dose. The germ cell toxicity of VPA was assessed using oxidative stress parameters, sperm count, sper

Jail inmates and HIV care: provision of antiretroviral therapy and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis.

The objective of this study was to examine prescription and acceptance of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxis in jail and at release. A retrospective cross sectional design was used, by record review, of 77 inmates receiving HIV-related care in the San Francisco City and County Jail and released to the community in 1997. Average CD4 cell count was 335/microl. Fifteen had undectable HIV RNA, and average viral load was 19,826 copies/ml. Fifty-eight per cent were put on ART in jail. Lower CD4 cell count was associated with ART (P=0.017). All inmates w…

Effect of tumor growth on the blastogenic response of splenocytes: a role of macrophage-derived nitric oxide.

In vivo growth of Dalton's lymphoma (DL), a spontaneous T cell lymphoma, has been found to increase the count of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL). However, bone marrow cell proliferation and differentiation remained unaffected (A. Kumar and S.M. Singh, Immunol. Cell Biol., 73, 220-225). The present investigations were undertaken to study the effect of DL growth on the blastogenic response of splenocytes. A decrease in the wet weight of the spleen and in the count of splenocytes was observed at the early DL-bearing stage which, however, increased through the mid and late stages of the tumor gr

Reconstitution of mice with bone marrow cells expressing the SCL gene is insufficient to cause leukemia.

Rearrangement or translocation of the SCL gene is the most common genetic abnormality observed in human T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia an … 103 control-mice were monitored for up to 2 years with no difference in survival, hematocrit, white cell count, or differential white cell count. As expected, from day 200 onwards, mice died due to radiation-induced thymomas; SCL provirus was not detected in these tumors. Thus, despite SCL being strongly implicated in the development of human leukemia, its e …

An Introduction to the Complete Blood Count for Clinical Chemists: Platelets.

BACKGROUND: The most ordered laboratory test worldwide is the complete blood count (CBC). CONTENT: In this primer, an introduction to platelet testing in the context of the CBC is provided with a discussion of the laboratory evaluation of platelet abnormalities including thrombocytopenia and thrombocytosis. SUMMARY: As clinical chemists continue to be tasked to direct laboratories outside of the traditional clinical chemistry sections such as hematology, expertise must be developed. This primer is dedicated to that effort.

Presbycusis: correlations of clinical audiology with morphological changes in the cochlea and the ventral cochlear nucleus.

Five cases of presbycusis are presented. Analysis included audiological tests, cochlear hair cell and ganglion cell counts, assessment of degree of strial atrophy, and ventral cochlear nucleus neuron counts. One case showed a reduction in cochlear nucleus neuron counts without significant cochlear changes, indicating that this pattern of pathological changes is a possible cause of high tone sensorineural deafness.

Оптимизация урожайности бронхоальвеолярного туалета для людей, участвующих в исследованиях в области иммунологии инфекционных заболеваний.

Бронхоальвеолярный туалет (БАЛ) становится общей процедурой исследований в области иммунологии инфекционных заболеваний. Мало что известно о клинических факторах, влияющих на основные результаты процедуры. У участников исследований, прошедших БАЛ в соответствии с руководящими принципами, были проанализированы объемы БАЛ, а также урожайность, концентрация, жизнеспособность, цвет гранул и дифференциальное число участников на предмет их связи с такими важными характеристиками участников, как активное заболевание туберкулезом (ТБ), воздействие туберкулеза, ВИЧ-инфекция и недавняя инфекция SARS-COV

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is becoming a common procedure for research into infectious disease immunology. Little is known about the clini … TB exposure, HIV infection and recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. In 337 participants, BAL volume and BAL cell count were correlated in those with active TB disease, and current smokers. The right middle lobe yielded the highest volume. BAL cell and volume yields were lower in older participants, who also had more neutrophils. Current smokers yielded lower volumes …

The effect of age on CD4+ T-cell recovery in HIV-suppressed adult participants: a sub-study from AIDS Clinical Trial Group (ACTG) A5321 and the Bone Loss and Immune Reconstitution (BLIR) study.

Older age could be a risk factor for suboptimal CD4+ T-cell recovery in HIV-infected patients despite successful viral suppression. However, … ower apparent elimination rate of memory T-cells. Simulations showed that the median maximal CD4+ T-cell count on ART treatment was 593 cells/μL (IQR 442-794) in patients aged 50 years or above and 738 cells/μL (IQR 548-1002) in patients aged 18-35 years. The differences in the percentage of subjects achieving sufficient immune reconstitution (CD4+ T-cell co …

Evaluation of primary immunodeficiency disease in children.

One in 2,000 children younger than 18 years is thought to have a primary immunodeficiency disease. Antibody, combined B-cell and T-cell, phagocytic, and complement disorders are the most common types. Children with these diseases tend to have bacterial or fungal infections with unusual organisms, or unusually severe and recurrent infections with common organisms. A family history of primary immunodeficiency disease is the strongest predictor of a person having this type of disease. When an immunodeficiency disease is suspected, initial laboratory screening should include a complete blood count

Use of flow cytochemistry via the H*1 in FAB identification of acute leukaemias.

Blood samples from 40 adult patients with untreated acute leukaemia were processed through the Technicon H*1 blood autoanalyser which gives … sis of characteristic patterns of cell distribution in the peroxidase cytogram when the total white cell count was over 10 x 10(9)/l. Even with lower counts the differences were distinctive providing that circulating blasts were present.

Studies on blood rheology in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension.

The rheologic properties of blood were studied in 6 patients with primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) and compared with those of a control … n 0.025) and HDL cholesterol (p less than 0.005). Plasma viscosity, white cell deformability, white cell count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and plasma fibrinogen concentration did not significantly differ from the values found in the control group. It is concluded that patients with PPH have impaired blood rheology. The hemorheologic abnormalities in thes …

Topical diphenylcyclopropenone as a measure of immune competence in HIV-seropositive subjects.

BACKGROUND: CD4 T cell counts are recognized as the standard method for monitoring HIV-seropositive patients and, along with viral load, are clinically important as indicators for initiating highly active antiretrovival therapy (HAART). Skin reaction scores following topical application of diphenylcyclopropenone (DPC) also demonstrate diagnostic utility as a functional measure of immune competence. METHODS: We used low sensitizing doses of DPC in 40 patients applied in a non-volatile, non-irritating topical delivery system to assess immune competence in 40 HIV-seropositive subjects with a ran…

[The Optimal Storage Condition and Storage Time of Umbilical Cord Blood from Collection to Preparation].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the optimal storage condition and time of umbilical cord blood from collection to preparation. METHODS: Collect cord blood samples from 30 healthy newborns, with each new born's umbilical cord blood was divided into two parts on average. One part was stored in cold storage (4 ℃) and the other was stored at room temperature (20-24 ℃). Samples were taken at 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h, respectively, total nucleated cells (TNC) count and TNC viability was analyzed. Flow cytometry was used to detect the ratio of viable CD34+ cells to viable CD45+ cells and viability of CD34+ cel

T cells and CD45R expression in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

A major secondary immunodeficiency exists in B cell derived chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) which involves both humoral and cellular immunity and is largely unexplained. Several T cell subset redistributions have been noted in B-CLL. We therefore examined in more detail the immunophenotype of T cells by assessing CD45R expression using a two-colour immunofluorescence technique. The proportion of CD45R+ cells among CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells in B-CLL was significantly (p less than 0.001) higher than in corresponding normal cell populations. We also sought relationships between major T cell

Quantitative determination of the disintegration of nerve cells in the cortex caused by viral encephalitis (17 D-yellow fever) (Preliminary communication).

The counting of nerve cells give an answer to the question whether there is a significant loss of cells in the cortex in the course of viral encephalitis. For normal animals, average cell numbers of 275.42 were counted; for infected animals divided into two groups depending on the severity of illness, 144.95 and 192.87 cells, respectively (p = 0.0001).

Decreased Natural Killer Cells in Mucormycosis.

BACKGROUND: Mucormycosis is an invasive fungal infection associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Previous in vitro studies have demonstrated functional abnormalities in natural killer (NK) cells; however, it remains unclear whether circulating NK cell counts are altered in affected patients. AIM: To assess baseline NK cell counts and explore their clinical associations in patients with mucormycosis treated at a tertiary referral hospital in Mexico City. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study of hospitalized patients with active mucormycosis, as confirmed by dire…

[Leukopenia - A Diagnostic Guideline for the Clinical Routine].

Reasons for leukopenia can be numerous. To get close to the diagnosis it's always useful to check previous blood counts of the patient to get a feeling for the dynamic development of the leukopenia. Furthermore, it's important to check the red blood cell count and platelet count as well; a bi- or a pancytopenia usually implies an insufficient production in the bone marrow. Nevertheless, a manual counted peripheral blood smear is an essential step towards the right diagnosis in leukopenia: Beside cell counts of the single subgroups of leucocytes it also provides information on potential causes …

Inhaled corticosteroid effects both eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic inflammation in asthmatic patients.

AIM: To determine induced sputum cell counts and interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) levels as markers of neutrophilic inflammation in moderate persistent asthma, and to evaluate the response to inhaled steroid therapy. METHODS: Forty-five moderate asthmatic patients and 10 non-smoker controls were included in this study. All patients received inhaled corticosteroid (800 microg of budesonide) for 12 weeks. Before and after treatment pulmonary function tests were performed, and symptom scores were determined. Blood was drawn for analysis of s…

White blood cell differentials in dogs with congestive heart failure (CHF) in comparison to those in dogs without cardiac disease.

OBJECTIVES: To determine if dogs with congestive heart failure have different white blood cell differential cell counts than dogs without cardiac disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 72 dogs with congestive heart failure and 143 controls were included in this retrospective study. Signalment, white blood cell differential counts and echocardiography data were retrieved. Basic statistical analysis was performed on white blood cell differential counts, and principal component analysis was used to compare these counts between cases and controls, with age, gender and case/control status as su…

CD4 Count and Anti Retroviral Therapy for HIV Positive Patients With Cancer in Nigeria -A Pilot Study.

BackgroundHighly Active Anti Retroviral Treatment (HAART) improves the outcome of HIV positive patients treated for cancer. In our center HAART is only commenced in HIV positive patients with malignancy if the CD4 T lymphocyte count is less than 200 cells/ul. Presently, the outcome of treatment in these patients is poor.ObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of CD4 T-cell count and HAART on treatment outcome of HIV positive patients with cancer managed at the oncology service of The University College Hospital, Ibadan-South West Nigeria.Patients and methodsTwenty two adult HIV positive patients wi…