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Fatigue as main symptom in an elderly multiple myeloma patient: a Case Report.

INTRODUCTION: The high prevalence of fatigue as an atypical clinical manifestation in general practice creates notable diagnostic challenges, particularly in geriatric patients. METHODS: We describe a case of an 80-year-old female presenting with fatigue, initially attributed to poorly controlled diabetes mellitus or upper respiratory infection, who was ultimately diagnosed with multiple myeloma after admitted to the Department of General Medicine at a general hospital. Initial diagnostic workup including physical examination revealed the presence of anterior thoracic mass with undetermined e

Humanistic Health Management and Cancer: Associations of Psychology, Nutrition, and Exercise with Cancer Progression and Pathogenesis.

The incidence rate of cancer is increasing year by year due to the aging of the population, unhealthy living, and eating habits. At present, surgery and medication are still the main treatments for cancer, without paying attention to the impact of individual differences in health management on cancer. However, increasing evidence suggests that individual psychological status, dietary habits, and exercise frequency are closely related to the risk and prognosis of cancer. The reminder to humanity is that the medical concept of the unified treatment plan is insufficient in cancer treatment, and a

Подстегнутая стрессом связь с нанотрубкой в глиальных клетках CNS: последствия провокационного демиэлирования и отказа в ремонте.

Множественные склерозы и связанные с ними воспалительные расстройства центральной нервной системы, включая расстройство спектра нейромиелита, расстройство спектра и болезнь миэлина олигодендроцита гликопротеина, связанные с антителами, характеризуются повреждениями имунной ткани, глиальной дисфункцией, метаболическим стрессом и неполным ремонтом. Хотя периферическая иммунная инфильтрация и антителные механизмы объясняют многие аспекты образования острых повреждений, они не в полной мере учитывают стойкую активность повреждения, метаболическую нестабильность или отказ от ремиэлирования в местно

Intensive care for cancer patients: An interdisciplinary challenge for cancer specialists and intensive care physicians.

Every sixth to eighth European intensive care unit patient suffers from an underlying malignant disease. A large proportion of these patients present with cancer-related complications. This review explains why the prognosis of critically ill cancer patients has improved substantially over the last decades and which risk factors are of prognostic importance. Furthermore, the main reasons for intensive care unit admission - acute respiratory failure and septic complications - are discussed with regard to diagnostic and therapeutic specifics. In addition, we discuss potential intensive care unit

Risk sharing arrangements for pharmaceuticals: potential considerations and recommendations for European payers.

BackgroundThere has been an increase in 'risk sharing' schemes for pharmaceuticals between healthcare institutions and pharmaceutical companies in Europe in recent years as an additional approach to provide continued comprehensive and equitable healthcare. There is though confusion surrounding the terminology as well as concerns with existing schemes.MethodsA literature review was undertaken to identify existing schemes supplemented with additional internal documents or web-based references known to the authors. This was combined with the extensive knowledge of health authority personnel from

Monitoring residues of pesticides in food in Brazil: A multiscale analysis of the main contaminants, dietary cancer risk estimative and mechanisms associated.

IntroductionPesticides pose a risk for cancer development and progression. People are continuously exposed to such substances by several routes, including daily intake of contaminated food and water, especially in countries that are highly pesticide consumers and have very permissive legislation about pesticide contamination as Brazil. This work investigated the relationship among pesticides, food contamination, and dietary cancer risk.MethodsAnalyzed two social reports from the Brazilian Government: the Program for Analysis of Residues of Pesticides in Food (PARA) and The National Program for

Воздействие транскутановой стимуляции нервы на сексуальную функцию женщин у пациентов с множественным склерозом: обзор скрипта.

Среди женщин с множественным склерозом (СМС) широко распространена сексуальная дисфункция (СФД), что приводит к значительным нарушениям качества жизни. Несмотря на различные имеющиеся методы лечения, в нынешних подходах зачастую не учитывается сложный, многофакторный характер ЛСД в этой группе населения. Транскутановая стимуляция берцового нерва (TTNS) недавно привлекла внимание как неинвазивная нейромодуляционная терапия, которая продемонстрировала потенциальные выгоды от нейрогенной дисфункции мочевого пузыря, при этом предварительные данные свидетельствуют о частичном улучшении сексуальной

Percutaneous lumbopelvic fixation for pathologic sacral fractures and spinopelvic dissociation: patient series.

BackgroundBecause patients with advanced cancer live longer, the number of patients with the sequelae of metastatic spine disease has increased. Pathologic instability of the mobile spine has been classified, and minimally invasive surgery has been well described. However, pathologic sacral instability is uncommon and often underdiagnosed. Although most sacral fractures are stable, patients with unstable U- or H-type fractures have spinopelvic dissociation and can experience progressive pain, sacral kyphosis, and neurological injury. Open lumbopelvic fusion carries a high perioperative risk fo

Navigating the Landscape of Exosomal microRNAs: Charting Their Pivotal Role as Biomarkers in Hematological Malignancies.

Under physiological and pathological conditions, all cells release extracellular vesicles named exosomes, which act as transporters of lipidic, protein, and genetic material from parent to recipient cells. Neoplastic cells can secrete higher number of exosomes to exert pro-tumoral effects such as microenvironmental changes, disease progression, immunosuppression and drug-resistance. This holds true for both organ-specific cancers and hematologic malignancies. One of the most important components of exosomal cargo are microRNAs which can mediate all the abovementioned effects. More specifically

Histone deacetylase in inflammatory bowel disease: novel insights.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is characterized by chronic nonspecific intestinal inflammation. Despite considerable efforts, IBD remains a heavy burden on society and human health, with increasing morbidity. Posttranslational modification, especially histone acetylation, is a key process in controlling DNA transcriptional activity. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a vital role in the mechanism of IBD pathogenesis through histone and nonhistone protein deacetylation. Herein, we present a summary of different categories of HDACs as well as H

NLRP3 inflammasome: a key driver of neuroinflammation and a novel therapeutic target for neuropathic pain.

Neuropathic pain represents a serious complication arising from a spectrum of disorders that precipitate lesions within the central and peripheral nervous systems. This disabling pain can persist for years, severely diminishing the quality of life of the affected individuals. The treatment options available for neuropathic pain at present have limited efficacy. Moreover, the adverse effects associated with these options restrict their application. The exact etiological mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain remain unclear. However, neuroinflammatory processes mediated by th

Потенциальный потенциал визуального видения, вызывающий запоздалость и амплитуду, является субклиническим прогнозом клинического прогноза в множестве склерозов.

Множественный склероз (MS) является хроническим воспалительным заболеванием центральной нервной системы, характеризующимся поражением мозга, аксонной дисфункцией/дегенерацией и глиозом, что может привести к различным клиническим расстройствам. Визуальный потенциал (ВЭП) представляет собой чувствительные и повторяющиеся методы, способные отслеживать значительные краткосрочные изменения в нейроаксональной целостности и изменения в нервном проводе, вызываемые острым оптическим невритом. АИМ: Цель данного исследования состоит в том, чтобы оценить, могут ли ПВП запоздалость и амплитуда служить в ка

Imaging for Plasma Cell Dyscrasias: What, When, and How?

Imaging plays a vital role in the diagnosis, response assessment, and follow-up of patients with plasma cell bone disease. The radiologic diagnostic paradigm has thus far evolved with developing technology and availability of better imaging platforms; however, the skewed availability of these imaging modalities in developed vis-à-vis the developing countries along with the lack of uniformity in reporting has led to a consensus on the imaging criteria for diagnosing and response assessment in plasma cell dyscrasia. Therefore, it is imperative for not only the radiologists but also the treating

Delayed gastric emptying in critical illness: is enhanced enterogastric inhibition with cholecystokinin and peptide YY involved?

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… In 2019, AO Spine launched the Research Objectives and Common Data Elements for DCM (AO Spine RECODE-DCM; www.aospine.org/recode ) initiative with the aim of creating a 'research toolkit’ to help accelerate knowledge discovery and improve outcomes in DCM. …

MMSET: role and therapeutic opportunities in multiple myeloma.

Recurrent chromosomal translocations are central to the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis of hematologic malignancies. The translocation t(4; 14)(p16; q32) is one of the most common translocations in multiple myeloma (MM) and is associated with very poor prognosis. The t(4; 14) translocation leads to the simultaneous overexpression of two genes, FGFR3 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 3) and MMSET (multiple myeloma SET domain), both of which have potential oncogenic activity. However, approximately 30% of t(4; 14) MM patients do not express FGFR3 and have poor prognosis irrespective of F

Contemporary Perspectives on Chronic Renal Disorders.

The prevalence of renal diseases and its associated burden on healthcare have tremendously risen in the past few years. From simple markers assessing kidney function, current renal research delves into understanding the diseases at the cellular and molecular levels and not just at treating, but at improving quality of life, arresting progression and providing personalized diagnostics and therapy. This narrative review highlights the improvements in diagnostic applications of kidney disease and briefly discusses a few notable biomarkers emphasizing the high throughput omics technologies, as wel

Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Contemporary Oncology: A Clinical Perspective on Dose Optimization, Sequencing, and Combination Strategies.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have matured from a technically challenging concept into an established therapeutic platform across hematologic and solid malignancies. By linking a monoclonal antibody to a potent cytotoxic payload, ADCs seek to increase tumor-directed drug delivery while limiting systemic exposure; however, clinical performance depends on much more than target expression. Target accessibility, antigen density and heterogeneity, internalization, intracellular trafficking, linker stability, payload properties, drug-to-antibody ratio, bystander effect, tumor penetration, and host

Genetic and Mechanistic Insights Inform Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Treatment and Symptomatic Management: Current and Emerging Therapeutics and Clinical Trial Design Considerations.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting both upper and lower motor neurons. ALS is classically characterized by painless progressive weakness, causing impaired function of limbs, speech, swallowing, and respiratory function. The disease is fatal within 2-4 years, often the result of respiratory failure. The pathologic hallmark for a majority of ALS cases is aberrant cytoplasmic accumulations of the nuclear protein TAR-DNA binding protein (TDP-43). A total of 10-15% of ALS can be attributed to a single gene mutation, known as genetic or "familia

Navigating the landscape of protein folding and proteostasis: from molecular chaperones to therapeutic innovations.

Protein folding is a fundamental process ensuring that polypeptide chains acquire the correct three-dimensional structures required for biological function. This complex journey from nascent polypeptides to mature proteins is tightly regulated by the cellular proteostasis network-an integrated system of molecular chaperones, folding enzymes, and degradation machineries. Disruptions in this network lead to dysproteostasis, a pathological state implicated in a growing list of human diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic syndromes, and cancer. In this review, we provide a comp