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Bridging the gap: ferroptosis of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death driven by lipid peroxidation, is increasingly recognized as a pivotal immunomodulatory mechanism within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Beyond its well-established role in tumor cell elimination, emerging evidence reveals that immune cell subsets exhibit distinct susceptibility to ferroptosis, with profound consequences for antitumor immunity. This review systematically delineates the dual and cell-type-specific roles of ferroptosis across innate and adaptive immune populations: while ferroptosis-mediated depletion of immunosuppress

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… adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and KRASG12D, which engage pattern recognition receptors (e.g., toll-like receptor 4,TLR4; P2X Ligand-Gated Ion Channel 7,P2X7) on innate immune cells to trigger immunogenic cell death (ICD) or modulate polarization states (e.g., STAT3-driven M2 macrophage skewing via AGER/RAGE …

Eukaryotic initiation factors: central factor associating mRNA translational plasticity during neuropathic pain progression.

Neuropathic pain causes plasticity in the nervous system, which is often associated with altered protein synthesis. Proteins are the key executors of cellular functions, and their alteration is closely related to the occurrence of neuropathic pain. Protein synthesis is a finely regulated process involving the interaction of multiple biomolecules. Among them, the eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) are a group of key regulatory proteins that control the initiation phase of protein translation and thus influence the rate and type of protein synthesis. Recent studies have shown that

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… In macrophages, paclitaxel induces the release of HMGB1 through the ROS/p38MAPK/NF-κB pathway, where eIF4E, a downstream effector, likely modulates the resulting neuronal excitability via RAGE and CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling ( 110 ). …

Targeting Autophagy with Natural Products as a Potential Therapeutic Approach for Cancer.

Macro-autophagy (autophagy) is a highly conserved eukaryotic intracellular process of self-digestion caused by lysosomes on demand, which is upregulated as a survival strategy upon exposure to various stressors, such as metabolic insults, cytotoxic drugs, and alcohol abuse. Paradoxically, autophagy dysfunction also contributes to cancer and aging. It is well known that regulating autophagy by targeting specific regulatory molecules in its machinery can modulate multiple disease processes. Therefore, autophagy represents a significant pharmacological target for drug development and therapeutic

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… Quercetin also regulates apoptosis and autophagy-related pathways and facilitates gemcitabine (an analog of deoxycytidine for DNA synthesis inhibition) chemosensitivity through the receptor involved in advanced glycation end products (RAGE)/PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis in human pancreatic cancer cells. …

Экспериментальный аутоиммунный энцефаломиэлит патогенез меняется в зависимости от возраста животных: воздействие выражения S100B.

Множественный склероз (MS) является основной провокационной и нетравматической причиной инвалидности среди молодых людей, при этом у пациентов среднего возраста часто появляются поздние МБ, что приводит к более слабому лечению и худшим прогнозам. Протеина S100B, связывающего кальций, выше у пациентов с сеток, и ее целевая направленность показала, что в экспериментальных моделях аутоиммунного энцефаломиелита (EAE) она может снизить остроту заболеваний. Однако в большинстве исследований по патологии MS основное внимание уделяется моделям молодого животного, что оставляет пробел в понимании возде

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… Indeed, a previous study from our group described that inhibiting the interaction between S100B and its specific receptor [receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)] had positive effects on inflammation favoring the remyelination processes (Santos et al. 2020 ). …

Молекулярные модели, связанные с ущербом от митохондриала: нейроиммуномодуляторы в патофизиологии центральной нервной системы.

Нейроинфламмация способствует широкому спектру нейродегенеративных заболеваний, включая болезнь Альцгеймера, болезнь Паркинсона, болезнь Хантингтона и множественный склероз. Его движут неевропейские глиальные клетки, главным образом микроглии и астроциты. Микроглии являются постоянными иммунными клетками центральной нервной системы, в то время как астроциты являются основными элементами поддержки нейронных функций, но могут также участвовать в нейроиммунной реакции. Оба этих типа глиальных клеток могут стать реактивными при обнаружении определенных внутриклеточных молекул, которые появляются в

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… The activation of advanced glycation end-product receptors (AGER, also known as RAGE) by TFAM is augmented by mtDNA, but this receptor does not appear to associate with mtDNA alone (Julian et al., 2012). …

The emerging role of osteoclasts in the treatment of bone metastases: rationale and recent clinical evidence.

The occurrence of bone metastasis is a grave medical concern that substantially impacts the quality of life in patients with cancer. The precise mechanisms underlying bone metastasis remain unclear despite extensive research efforts, and efficacious therapeutic interventions are currently lacking. The ability of osteoclasts to degrade the bone matrix makes them a crucial factor in the development of bone metastasis. Osteoclasts are implicated in several aspects of bone metastasis, encompassing the formation of premetastatic microenvironment, suppression of the immune system, and reactivation o

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… This protein has been found to play a significant role in promoting osteolysis by directly stimulating osteoclast formation through the surface receptor RAGE. …

Antibodies to watch in 2026.

The Antibodies to Watch article series provides annual updates on commercial late-stage clinical development, regulatory review, and marketi … f origin. Our data show that the development and approval period were typically ~6 years, but on average this period was shorter for China-originated products.

Emerging and underexplored ginsenosides in cancer therapy (2020-2025): Beyond cytotoxic mechanisms.

Ginsenosides from Panax plants have long been studied as potential anticancer agents. In earlier years, most research focused on a few well-known ginsenosides that showed strong direct cytotoxicity, such as Rg3 and Rh2. As a result, many other ginsenosides were considered less active and received limited attention. However, studies published between 2020 and 2025 indicate that several previously underexplored ginsenosides also exhibit meaningful anticancer activity. These compounds often do not function as strongly cytotoxic agents. Instead, they act through broader and more indirect mechanism

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… Panax ginseng alleviates diabetic peripheral neuropathy by suppressing mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress via modulation of the RAGE, NF-kappaB, and Nrf2 pathways. J Ginseng Res. 2025;49:734–745. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2025.09.003. 4. …

Malignant mesothelioma tumours: molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapies accompanying clinical studies.

The pathetic malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a extremely uncommon and confrontational tumor that evolves in the mesothelium layer of the pleural cavities (inner lining- visceral pleura and outer lining- parietal pleura), peritoneum, pericardium, and tunica vaginalis and is highly resistant to standard treatments. In mesothelioma, the predominant pattern of lesions is a loss of genes that limit tumour growth. Despite the worldwide ban on the manufacture and supply of asbestos, the prevalence of mesothelioma continues to increase. Mesothelioma presents and behaves in a variety of ways, making dia

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… HMGB1 HMGB1 is a protein molecule and may be found in the nucleus of cells, where it is physiologically expressed with its affinity for TLRs and RAGE. …

Dying of Stress: Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, and Small-Molecule Inhibitors in Immunogenic Cell Death and Immunogenic Modulation.

Innovative strategies to re-establish the immune-mediated destruction of malignant cells is paramount to the success of anti-cancer therapy. Accumulating evidence suggests that radiotherapy and select chemotherapeutic drugs and small molecule inhibitors induce immunogenic cell stress on tumors that results in improved immune recognition and targeting of the malignant cells. Through immunogenic cell death, which entails the release of antigens and danger signals, and immunogenic modulation, wherein the phenotype of stressed cells is altered to become more susceptible to immune attack, radiother

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… Circulating immunogenic cell death biomarkers HMGB1 and RAGE in breast cancer patients during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Tumor Biol. 2013;34:81–90. doi: 10.1007/s13277-012-0513-1. 109. Ladoire S., Enot D., Andre F., Zitvogel L., Kroemer G. …

Muscle and Bone Defects in Metastatic Disease.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The present review addresses most recently identified mechanisms implicated in metastasis-induced bone resorption and muscle-wasting syndrome, known as cachexia. RECENT FINDINGS: Metastatic disease in bone and soft tissues is often associated with skeletal muscle defects. Recent studies have identified a number of secreted molecules and extracellular vesicles that contribute to cancer cell growth and metastasis leading to bone destruction and muscle atrophy. In addition, alterations in muscle microenvironment including dysfunctions in hepatic and mitochondrial metabolism ha

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… Targeting RAGE prevents muscle wasting and prolongs survival in cancer cachexia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle [Internet]. 2020/03/11. John Wiley and Sons Inc.; 2020;11:929–46. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32159297 72. Chen L, Yang Q, Zhang H, Wan L, Xin B, Cao Y, et al. …

Историческое развитие иммуноэндокринных концепций психических расстройств и их терапии.

Отношения между центральной нервной, иммунной и эндокринной системами являются предметом психиатрических исследований, особенно в области депрессии и шизофрения. У поля длинные предтечи. Наблюдаемые явления, связанные с этими отношениями, восходят к неолитической эпохе. Теории иммуноэндокринной системы в самом широком смысле записаны в древности. В 19th Крепелин и Вагнер-Джаурег сообщили о первых клинических наблюдениях у пациентов психиатрических учреждений. Von Bestow, Эддисон и Кушинг описали психические симптомы у пациентов, страдающих эндокринными заболеваниями. :: 20th откровение века с

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… In the 19th century castration served as a therapeutic option and sedative in cases of uncontrolled rage, epilepsy, hysteria and an inclination to physical violence [ 11 , 13 ]. At the end of the 19th century, Harry C. …

Hematology and Immune-Related Disorders

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The Potential and Prospects of Marine Drugs in Intervening Nerve-Tumor Crosstalk.

The bidirectional crosstalk between the nervous system and tumors has emerged as a transformative new frontier in both precision oncotherapy and mechanism-driven cancer pain management. Marine natural products with inherent neuroactive properties exhibit unparalleled intervention advantages for targeting this complex pathophysiological axis. Herein, we systematically and prospectively dissect the multi-layered bidirectional communication between the nervous system and malignancies, comprehensively summarize the pivotal contributions of marine-derived bioactive molecules to advances in neurosci

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… The HMGB1/RAGE axis induces bone pain associated with colonization of 4T1 mouse breast cancer in bone. J. Bone Oncol. 2021;26:100330. doi: 10.1016/j.jbo.2020.100330. 33. Scheff N.N., Wall I.M., Nicholson S., Williams H., Chen E., Tu N.H., Dolan J.C., Liu C.Z., Janal M.N., Bunnett N.W., et al. …

Organic Nanoparticles in Progressing Cardiovascular Disease Treatment and Diagnosis.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the world's most prominent cause of mortality, continue to be challenging conditions for patients, physicians, and researchers alike. CVDs comprise a wide range of illnesses affecting the heart, blood vessels, and the blood that flows through and between them. Advances in nanomedicine, a discipline focused on improving patient outcomes through revolutionary treatments, imaging agents, and ex vivo diagnostics, have created enthusiasm for overcoming limitations in CVDs' therapeutic and diagnostic landscapes. Nanomedicine can be involved in clinical purposes for CV

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… PEG-modified nano liposomes co-deliver Apigenin and RAGE-siRNA to protect myocardial ischemia injury. Int. J. Pharm. 2024;649:123673. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123673. 47. Levchenko T.S., Hartner W.C., Torchilin V.P. Liposomes in diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disorders. …

Cytokine release syndrome and cancer immunotherapies - historical challenges and promising futures.

Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Cancer immunotherapy involves reinvigorating the patient's own immune system to fight against cancer. While novel approaches like Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells, bispecific T cell engagers, and immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promising efficacy, Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) is a serious adverse effect and remains a major concern. CRS is a phenomenon of immune hyperactivation that results in excessive cytokine secretion, and if left unchecked, it may lead to multi-organ failure and death. Here we review the pathophysiology of C

Monoclonal Gammopathies and the Bone Marrow Microenvironment: From Bench to Bedside and Then Back Again.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematologic malignancy characterized by a multistep evolutionary pathway, with an initial phase called monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), potentially evolving into the symptomatic disease, often preceded by an intermediate phase called "smoldering" MM (sMM). From a biological point of view, genomic alterations (translocations/deletions/mutations) are already present at the MGUS phase, thus rendering their role in disease evolution questionable. On the other hand, we currently know that changes in the bone marrow microenvironment (TM

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… S100A9 Regulates MDSCs-Mediated Immune Suppression via the RAGE and TLR4 Signaling Pathways in Colorectal Carcinoma. Front. Immunol. 2019;10:2243. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02243. 27. Rodríguez P.C., Ochoa A.C. …

Abstracts

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Osteocytes in the Metastatic Bone Niche: Mechanistic Pathways and Therapeutic Targets.

Osteocytes, once viewed mainly as passive bone-embedded cells, are now recognized as active regulators of the metastatic bone niche. Emerging evidence indicates that these cells integrate mechanical, inflammatory, and tumor-derived cues to influence metastatic seeding, dormancy, reactivation, and lesion progression in bone. This review synthesizes current understanding of osteocyte contributions to skeletal metastasis. We discuss core signaling axes, including osteocyte-derived RANKL/OPG balance, Wnt antagonists (sclerostin/DKK1), mechanotransduction pathways (Piezo1 signaling and connexin-43

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… Inhibition of HMGB1/RAGE Signaling Reduces the Incidence of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ) in Mice J. Bone Miner. Res. 2022 37 1775 1786 10.1002/jbmr.4637 35711109 PMC9474692 36. Kaur J. Adhikari M. Sabol H.M. Anloague A. Khan S. Kurihara N. Diaz-delCastillo M. Andreasen C.M. …

Neuroscience in peripheral cancers: tumors hijacking nerves and neuroimmune crosstalk.

Cancer neuroscience is an emerging field that investigates the intricate relationship between the nervous system and cancer, gaining increasing recognition for its importance. The central nervous system governs the development of the nervous system and directly affects brain tumors, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) shapes the tumor microenvironment (TME) of peripheral tumors. Both systems are crucial in cancer initiation and progression, with recent studies revealing a more intricate role of the PNS within the TME. Tumors not only invade nerves but also persuade them through remodeling