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Serum Onconeural Antibodies in Dogs and Cats for Early Diagnosis of Cancer.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in dogs and cats worldwide, and effective early detection techniques and reliable therapies are still lacking. Given the high demand for early cancer detection and differentiation in veterinary diagnostics, we developed and validated a new diagnostic approach to assess onconeural antibodies, also known as high-risk antibodies, in dog and cat blood serum samples. We determined the presence of systemic onconeural/high-risk (ONHR) antibodies, their suitability for early cancer diagnostics, and the feasibility of differentiating various malignancies. Ou

Unraveling the mechanisms of bone diseases: targeting dendritic cells in osteoimmunology for internal homeostasis balance.

Bone repair and regeneration is a complex spatiotemporal process recruiting a variety of cell types, which need to precisely mediated for effective healing post-damage. The concept of osteoimmunology emphasizes the extensive and intricate crosstalk between the bone and the immune system. Despite the significant advancements in understanding osteoimmunology, the precise role of dendritic cells (DCs) in this field remains under investigation. As key antigen-presenting cells, DCs are critical in orchestrating adaptive immune responses and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Recent researches have fur

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… Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal stem cells (BMSCs) have been profoundly applied in bone tissue engineering, concerning its multilineage differentiation potentials in adipogenesis, osteogenesis, and chondrogenesis. 231 Recent investigations have uncovered potent immunoregulatory properties possessed by …

Deciphering the impact of circRNA-mediated autophagy on tumor therapeutic resistance: a novel perspective.

Cancer therapeutic resistance remains a significant challenge in the pursuit of effective treatment strategies. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of non-coding RNAs, have recently emerged as key regulators of various biological processes, including cancer progression and drug resistance. This review highlights the emerging role of circRNAs-mediated autophagy in cancer therapeutic resistance, a cellular process that plays a dual role in cancer by promoting both cell survival and death. Increasing evidence suggests that circRNAs can modulate autophagy pathways, thereby influencing the response o

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… Denis CJ Deiteren K Hendriks D Proost P Lambeir AM Carboxypeptidase M in apoptosis, adipogenesis and cancer Clin Chim Acta 2013 415 306 316 10.1016/j.cca.2012.11.012 23178445 142. …

A review on gold nanoparticles as an innovative therapeutic cue in bone tissue engineering: Prospects and future clinical applications.

Bone damage is a complex orthopedic problem primarily caused by trauma, cancer, or bacterial infection of bone tissue. Clinical care management for bone damage remains a significant clinical challenge and there is a growing need for more advanced bone therapy options. Nanotechnology has been widely explored in the field of orthopedic therapy for the treatment of a severe bone disease. Among nanomaterials, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) along with other biomaterials are emerging as a new paradigm for treatment with excellent potential for bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine application

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… Mechanical loading down-regulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ in bone marrow stromal cells and favors osteoblastogenesis at the expense of adipogenesis Endocrinology 148 5 2007 2553 2562 17317771 10.1210/en.2006-1704 121 Liu D. Zhang J. Yi C. Yang M. …

Research advances in peptide‒drug conjugates.

Peptide‒drug conjugates (PDCs) are drug delivery systems consisting of a drug covalently coupled to a multifunctional peptide via a cleavable linker. As an emerging prodrug strategy, PDCs not only preserve the function and bioactivity of the peptides but also release the drugs responsively with the cleavable property of the linkers. Given the ability to significantly improve the circulation stability and targeting of drugs in vivo and reduce the toxic side effects of drugs, PDCs have already been extensively applied in drug delivery. Herein, we review the types and mechanisms of peptides, link

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… NPY1R-targeted peptide-mediated delivery of a dual PPARalpha/gamma agonist to adipocytes enhances adipogenesis and prevents diabetes progression Mol Metabol 31 2020 163 180 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.11.009 PMC6931124 31918918 59 Li S. Zhao H. Mao X. Fan Y. Liang X. Wang R. …

Googling the Guggul (Commiphora and Boswellia) for Prevention of Chronic Diseases.

Extensive research during last 2 decades has revealed that most drugs discovered today, although costs billions of dollars for discovery, and yet they are highly ineffective in their clinical response. For instance, the European Medicines Agency has approved 68 anti-cancer drugs, and out of which 39 has reached the market level with no indication of increased survival nor betterment of quality of life. Even when drugs did improve survival rate compared to available treatment strategies, most of these were found to be clinically insignificant. This is a fundamental problem with modern drug disc

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… Further, treatment with GS alone showed increase in apoptosis and lipolysis and its combination with genistein resulted in increased cleavage of procaspase-3, PARP, expression of Bax, release of cyt-c and prevented lipid accumulation in maturing adipocytes resulting in inhibition of adipogenesis (Yang …

Molecular and cellular mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy: an update.

Skeletal muscle atrophy is defined as a decrease in muscle mass and it occurs when protein degradation exceeds protein synthesis. Potential triggers of muscle wasting are long-term immobilization, malnutrition, severe burns, aging as well as various serious and often chronic diseases, such as chronic heart failure, obstructive lung disease, renal failure, AIDS, sepsis, immune disorders, cancer, and dystrophies. Interestingly, a cooperation between several pathophysiological factors, including inappropriately adapted anabolic (e.g., growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1) and catabolic pr

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… Peng XD Xu PZ Chen ML Hahn-Windgassen A Skeen J Jacobs J Dwarfism, impaired skin development, skeletal muscle atrophy, delayed bone development, and impeded adipogenesis in mice lacking Akt1 and Akt2 Genes Dev 2003 17 1352 65 12782654 10.1101/gad.1089403 PMC196068 61. …

Reciprocal regulation between m6 A modifications and non-coding RNAs: emerging roles in cancer therapeutic resistance.

In recent years, the interplay between N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has emerged as a pivotal research area, owing to their crucial involvement in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying various diseases. A significant hurdle in cancer therapy is therapeutic resistance, which frequently contributes to adverse patient outcomes. Recent investigations have underscored the vital role that interactions between m6A modifications and ncRNAs play in mediating cancer therapeutic resistance via the MAPK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Wnt/β-catenin, HIPPO, and NF-κB pathways.

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… FTO has been implicated in the regulation of adipogenesis and tumor development through its modulation of m6 A levels [ 25 ]. …

PIM1 kinase and its diverse substrate in solid tumors.

The PIM kinase family, consisting of PIM1, PIM2, and PIM3, is a group of serine/threonine protein kinases crucial for cellular growth, immunoregulation, and oncogenesis. PIM1 kinase is often overexpressed in solid and hematopoietic malignancies, promoting cell survival, proliferation, migration, and senescence by activating key genes. In vitro and in vivo studies have established the oncogenic potential of PIM1 kinases. These kinases have been implicated in tumor progression, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy, underscoring their potential as a therapeutic target for cancer therapy. Th

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… AZD1208, a pan-Pim kinase inhibitor, inhibits adipogenesis and induces lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J Cell Mol Med. 2018;22(4):2488–97. 10.1111/jcmm.13559. 17. Kreuz S, Holmes KB, Tooze RM, Lefevre PF. …

A Review on the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Natural Products in Preventing Bone Diseases.

The drugs used for treating bone diseases (BDs), at present, elicit hazardous side effects that include certain types of cancers and strokes, hence the ongoing quest for the discovery of alternatives with little or no side effects. Natural products (NPs), mainly of plant origin, have shown compelling promise in the treatments of BDs, with little or no side effects. However, the paucity in knowledge of the mechanisms behind their activities on bone remodeling has remained a hindrance to NPs' adoption. This review discusses the pathological development of some BDs, the NP-targeted components, an

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… Phlorotannins Suppress Adipogenesis in Pre-Adipocytes While Enhancing Osteoblastogenesis in Pre-Osteoblasts Arch. Pharmacal Res. 2015 38 2172 2182 10.1007/s12272-015-0637-0 26202444 172. Kifor O. Diaz R. Butters R. Brown E.M. …

Therapeutic Applications of Stem Cells and Extracellular Vesicles in Emergency Care: Futuristic Perspectives.

Regenerative medicine (RM) is an interdisciplinary field that aims to repair, replace or regenerate damaged or missing tissue or organs to function as close as possible to its physiological architecture and functions. Stem cells, which are undifferentiated cells retaining self-renewal potential, excessive proliferation and differentiation capacity into offspring or daughter cells that form different lineage cells of an organism, are considered as an important part of the RM approaches. They have been widely investigated in preclinical and clinical studies for therapeutic purposes. Extracellula

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… For example, comparative analyses of adipose tissue-derived MSCs and their EVs demonstrated diverse genetic cargo including mRNA and miRNA, and protein contents that play role in angiogenesis, adipogenesis, apoptosis, regulation of inflammation, blood coagulation and ECM remodeling [ 179 , 180 ]. …

ICAR 2011. Italian Conference on AIDS and Retroviruses, Florence, Italy, 27-29 March 2011. Abstracts.

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… We have challenged HIV-1 strains, rgp120 and heat-inactivated HIV-1 strains on MSCs differentiated to adipogenesis and endotheliogenesis displaying that the adipogenesis is increased especially through the PPARg activity up-regulation whereas the endothelial differentiation, induced by VEGF treatment … Discussion : Our study indicate that HIV and recombinant gp120 have a strong direct impact on vessel wall MSC biology and differentiation suggesting a role of viral infection in the vessel damage, atherosclerosis degeneration and adipogenesis induction. …

Sphingolipid metabolism and hematologic disorders: current understanding and future directions.

Sphingolipids are not only key structural components of cell membranes but also serve as important signaling molecules, and their metabolic homeostasis is essential for the maintenance of cellular functions. In recent years, with the advancement of technologies such as metabolomics, studies have revealed that sphingolipid metabolic abnormalities are extensively involved in the occurrence and development of various hematological disorders, including immune thrombocytopenia, myeloproliferative neoplasms, graft-versus-host disease, hereditary hematological diseases, and hematologic malignancies.

Метаболомическое исследование синдромов миэлодипластика, множественной миеломы и гомозиговой β-Талассемии.

Хроническая анемия, как правило, диагностируется у пожилых людей и служит важным показателем как реактивных, так и клональных заболеваний. Многие основные заболевания, такие, как миэллодипластические синдромы и множественная миелома, более распространены среди пожилых людей, в то время как новые терапевтические подходы превратили педиатрические расстройства слабого прогноза, такие, как бета-талассемия, в хроническое заболевание пожилых людей. Таким образом, растущая распространенность хронической анемии в пожилом возрасте в значительной степени объясняется более частыми диагностическими и тера

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… Determinants of Stem Cell Lineage Differentiation toward Chondrogenesis versus Adipogenesis. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 2019;76:1653–1680. doi: 10.1007/s00018-019-03017-4. 46. Grayson W., Zhao F., Bunnell B., Ma T. Hypoxia Enhances Proliferation and Tissue Formation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell. …

Exosomes for angiogenesis induction in ischemic disorders.

Ischaemic disorders are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While the current therapeutic approaches have improved life expectancy and quality of life, they are unable to "cure" ischemic diseases and instate regeneration of damaged tissues. Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles with an average size of 100-150 nm, secreted by many cell types and considered a potent factor of cells for paracrine effects. Since exosomes contain multiple bioactive components such as growth factors, molecular intermediates of different intracellular pathways, microRNAs and nucleic acids, t

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… 2 O 2 ‐preconditioned AD‐MSC | Promotion of EC proliferation, and alleviation of inflammation and apoptosis | Subcutaneous | 153 | Enhanced survival of the skin flap Reduced the skin flap in I/R injury Enhance epithelialization | fat graft | AD‐MSC | Promotion of early inflammation, angiogenesis, adipogenesis …

Combinatorial targeting of cancer bone metastasis using mRNA engineered stem cells.

BACKGROUND: Bone metastases are common and devastating to cancer patients. Existing treatments do not specifically target the disease sites and are therefore ineffective and systemically toxic. Here we present a new strategy to treat bone metastasis by targeting both the cancer cells ("the seed"), and their surrounding niche ("the soil"), using stem cells engineered to home to the bone metastatic niche and to maximise local delivery of multiple therapeutic factors. METHODS: We used mesenchymal stem cells engineered using mRNA to simultaneously express P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1)

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… The media was made from Osteogenesis or Adipogenesis Differentiation Kits (EMD Millipore) and changed according to the manufacturer's instructions. At the end-point, cells were fixed and stained with Alizarin Red-S or Oil-Red-O, according to the manufacturer's instructions. …

Четвертое Международное совещание ИСЕВ, ISEV2015.

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Potential Targeting Mechanisms for Bone-Directed Therapies.

Bone development is characterized by complex regulation mechanisms, including signal transduction and transcription factor-related pathways, glycobiological processes, cellular interactions, transportation mechanisms, and, importantly, chemical formation resulting from hydroxyapatite. Any abnormal regulation in the bone development processes causes skeletal system-related problems. To some extent, the avascularity of cartilage and bone makes drug delivery more challenging than that of soft tissues. Recent studies have implemented many novel bone-targeting approaches to overcome drawbacks. Howe

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… Discoidin Receptor 2 Controls Bone Formation and Marrow Adipogenesis J. Bone Miner. Res. 2020 36 2098 2099 10.1002/jbmr.4336 34169572 67. McDonald K. Glezeva N. Collier P. O’Reilly J. O’Connell E. Tea I. Russell-Hallinan A. Tonry C. Pennington S. Gallagher J. …

Osteoid cell-derived chemokines drive bone-metastatic prostate cancer.

One of the greatest challenges in improving prostate cancer (PCa) survival is in designing new therapies to effectively target bone metastases. PCa regulation of the bone environment has been well characterized; however, bone-targeted therapies have little impact on patient survival, demonstrating a need for understanding the complexities of the tumor-bone environment. Many factors contribute to creating a favorable microenvironment for prostate tumors in bone, including cell signaling proteins produced by osteoid cells. Specifically, there has been extensive evidence from both past and recent

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… Imbalanced osteogenesis and adipogenesis in mice deficient in the chemokine Cxcl12/Sdf1 in the bone mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor cells. J Bone Miner Res (2018) 33:679–90. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.3340 62. Chinni SR, Sivalogan S, Dong Z, Filho JC, Deng X, Bonfil RD, et al. …

Pharmacological Therapies for the Management of Inflammatory Bone Resorption in Periodontal Disease: A Review of Preclinical Studies.

Periodontitis, a highly prevalent multicausal chronic inflammatory and destructive disease, develops as a result of complex host-parasite interactions. Dysbiotic bacterial biofilm in contact with the gingival tissues initiates a cascade of inflammatory events, mediated and modulated by the host's immune response, which is characterized by increased expression of several inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and chemokines in the connective tissue. If periodontal disease (PD) is left untreated, it results in the destruction of the supporting tissues around the teeth, including periodontal li