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Overview of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome in myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) occur due to the abnormal proliferation of one or more terminal myeloid cell lines in peripheral blood. Subjects suffering from MPNs display a high burden of cardiovascular risk factors, and thrombotic events are often the cause of death in this population of patients. Herein, we provide a brief overview of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome and their epidemiology in MPNs and examine the common molecular mechanisms between dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and MPNs, with a special focus on cardiovascular risk, atherosclerosis, and thrombotic events. Further

Deciphering transcriptomic changes in chemobrain: a comprehensive review.

Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairments (CICI), colloquially known as "chemobrain," represents a profound and debilitating side effect experienced by a significant number of cancer survivors, impacting their memory, multitasking, and quality of life. This review critically evaluates the molecular mechanisms underlying CICI, with a particular focus on the insights gained from transcriptomic analyses. As cancer incidence rises globally, understanding the complex interplay between chemotherapy agents and their cognitive repercussions becomes increasingly vital. Key mechanisms implicated in CIC

Interstitial lung disease in lysosomal storage disorders.

Lysosomes are intracellular organelles that are responsible for degrading and recycling macromolecules. Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a group of inherited diseases caused by mutations affecting genes that encode the function of the lysosomal enzymes. Three LSDs are associated with lung involvement and/or interstitial lung disease (ILD): Gaucher disease (GD); Niemann-Pick disease, also known as acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD); and Fabry disease (FD). In GD and in ASMD, analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung biopsy can be informative, showing foamy cells. In GD, ILD is

Modulation of human visual cortex by crossmodal spatial attention.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to perform a review of the English-language international literature concerning thyroid surgery performed through the transoral vestibular approach, to evaluate its flessibility and safety in terms of complications. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The review was carried out on 17 studies of 17 different Authors. The following variables were taken into consideration: first Author's name, nationality, year of publication, number of cases, hospital stay, conversion rate, type of surgical approach, total number of total thyroidectomies and loboisthmectomies, operative

Sclerosing diseases of the skin.

Sclerosing skin diseases comprise a group of distinct dermatological conditions characterized by fibrotic changes that may severely impair patients' quality of life. These conditions often present with cutaneous manifestations and, in some cases, may extend to extracutaneous tissues, potentially resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. This review explores the current understanding of the four most prevalent sclerosing skin diseases - localized scleroderma (morphea), systemic sclerosis (SSc), scleromyxedema, and scleredema adultorum of Buschke - as well as sclerotic conditions induced

The Role of Intravesicular Proteins and the Protein Corona of Extracellular Vesicles in the Development of Drug-Induced Polyneuropathy.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) as membrane structures of cellular origin participating in intercellular communication are involved in the molecular mechanisms of the development of various variants of polyneuropathy. Taking into account the increasing role of the protein corona of EVs and protein-protein interactions on the surface of EVs in the pathogenesis of various diseases, we focused our attention in this review on the role of intravesicular proteins and the protein corona of EVs in the development of chemotherapy-induced polyneuropathy (CIPN). It has been shown that EVs are effectively in

Inflammaging in periodontal, periapical, and malignancy-associated disease: drivers of alveolar bone loss and repair.

BACKGROUND: Aging significantly impacts bone metabolism through altered osteoblast/osteoclast dynamics, reduced stem cell regeneration, and chronic inflammaging. This narrative review explores how these age-related changes influence alveolar bone loss and regeneration in the oral cavity. METHODS: The review investigates key mechanisms-including immunosenescence and inflammasome activation-across three specific pathological contexts: (1) periodontitis, (2) periapical bone resorption, and (3) malignancy-associated osteolysis. Preclinical and clinical evidence were integrated to analyze the bone

Clinical Characteristics and Serum Vitamin D Levels in Patients with MRONJ Associated with Antiresorptive Therapy: A Retrospective Study.

Background and Objectives: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a severe complication associated with antiresorptive therapy. Although several local and systemic risk factors have been documented, the role of metabolic biomarkers and their relationship with clinical characteristics remains insufficiently investigated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationships between antiresorptive therapy, serum vitamin D levels, demographic characteristics, and lesion location in patients diagnosed with MRONJ. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 72

POEMS syndrome in the 21st century: A bibliometric analysis.

BackgroundPOEMS syndrome is a rare and complex plasma cell disorder characterized by polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, high M protein levels, and skin changes. Understanding of POEMS syndrome has advanced rapidly since the 21st century. This study aims to summarize and evaluate the research status of POEMS syndrome in the past 23 years through a bibliometric and visualization analysis, and identify research focuses and emerging hotspots for the future.MethodsPOEMS syndrome-related articles published between January 1, 2000, and March 8, 2023, were systematically retrieved from the

EVITA: a tool for the early evaluation of pharmaceutical innovations with regard to therapeutic advantage.

BackgroundNew drugs are generally claimed to represent a therapeutic innovation. However, scientific evidence of a substantial clinical advantage is often lacking. This may be the result of using inadequate control groups or surrogate outcomes only in the clinical trials. In view of this, EVITA was developed as a user-friendly transparent tool for the early evaluation of the additional therapeutic value of a new drug.MethodsEVITA does not evaluate a new compound per se but in an approved indication in comparison with existing therapeutic strategies. Placebo as a comparator is accepted only in

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: current evidence and future perspectives.

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor. Traditional therapeutic approaches have limited efficacy in locally advanced HNSCC patients, and neoadjuvant immunotherapy has emerged as a new hope. However, the current outcomes of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for HNSCC are not yet optimal and urgently need improvement. This article comprehensively reviews the clinical research progress of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in the field of HNSCC treatment. By integrating perspectives from the regulatory mechanisms of the immune microenvironment, we propose future resea

Extraglandular Manifestations of Sjögren’s Syndrome (SS): Dermatologic, Arthritic, Endocrine, Pulmonary, Cardiovascular, Gastroenterology, Renal, Urology, and Gynecologic Manifestations

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Получил от "Puff of Domoke"-A Case-Review on the Challenging Discrimination of CNS Demielining Beace and Moyamoya Angiopatia.

Moyamoya aнгиопатия (MMA) — цереброваскулярное заболевание, определяющее хроническое прогрессивное включение надклиноидных внутренних артерий сонной артерии и их основных веток. Патогенез ММА по-прежнему в значительной степени неизвестен. Множественный склероз (MS) является хроническим, подстрекательским и демиелинизирующим заболеванием центральной нервной системы, характеризующимся постепенным накоплением фокусных демиелионирующих повреждений, патофизиология которых была теоретической, но до сих пор не до конца понята. Помимо неправильной диагностики из-за имитирующих эти два расстройства осо

Genetic Background of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a rare side effect of antiresorptive drugs that significantly hinders the quality of life of affected patients. The disease develops in the presence of a combination of factors. Important pathogenetic factors include inflammation, inhibition of bone remodeling, or genetic predisposition. Since the first description of this rare side effect in 2003, a growing body of data has suggested a possible role for genetic factors in the disease. Several genes have been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of MRONJ such as SIRT1, V

Recent Perspectives on Cardiovascular Toxicity Associated with Colorectal Cancer Drug Therapy.

Cardiotoxicity is a well-known adverse effect of cancer-related therapy that has a significant influence on patient outcomes and quality of life. The use of antineoplastic drugs to treat colorectal cancers (CRCs) is associated with a number of undesirable side effects including cardiac complications. For both sexes, CRC ranks second and accounts for four out of every ten cancer deaths. According to the reports, almost 39% of patients with colorectal cancer who underwent first-line chemotherapy suffered cardiovascular impairment. Although 5-fluorouracil is still the backbone of chemotherapy reg

Skeletal muscle dysfunction induced by cancer immunotherapy: mechanistics insights and surgical implications.

Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, yet its effects extend far beyond tumor eradication. Accumulating evidence indicates that immunotherapy-associated skeletal muscle dysfunction represents a complex, cross-organ pathological process driven by dynamic crosstalk between the tumor microenvironment and peripheral tissues. Rather than an isolated adverse event, muscle injury emerges from integrated mechanisms including inflammatory cytokine spillover, aberrant immune cell infiltration, metabolic reprogramming, vascular dysfunction, and impaired regenerative signaling. Central

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… However, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors suppress the VEGF-A/VEGFR2 signaling pathway, decreasing microvascular density in muscle tissue and extending oxygen diffusion times by 2–3-fold compared with normal tissue. …

Metronomic Anti-Cancer Therapy: A Multimodal Therapy Governed by the Tumor Microenvironment.

The concept of cancer as a systemic disease, and the therapeutic implications of this, has gained special relevance. This concept encompasses the interactions between tumor and stromal cells and their microenvironment in the complex setting of primary tumors and metastases. These factors determine cellular co-evolution in time and space, contribute to tumor progression, and could counteract therapeutic effects. Additionally, cancer therapies can induce cellular and molecular responses in the tumor and host that allow them to escape therapy and promote tumor progression. In this study, we descr

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… However, a microvascular density analysis cannot distinguish between angiogenic and non-angiogenic tumors, therefore the histopathological growth pattern of tumors must be taken into account [ 77 ] or the term “microvessel density” redefined [ 78 , 79 ]. …

Thrombosis in Neuromuscular Medicine: Current Evidence, Unmet Needs, and Future Directions.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), comprising deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is an important but under-recognised complication in neuromuscular diseases. In adults, emerging epidemiological data suggests increased VTE occurrence in conditions such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, myotonic dystrophy, myasthenia gravis, inflammatory neuropathies, inflammatory myopathies, and POEMS syndrome. This heightened risk reflects not only disease-related immobility but also disorder-specific biological mechanisms, including inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and cardiomyopathy-related stasis.

The interplay of mitochondrial dysfunction and altered metabolic pathways in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal primary brain tumor, characterized by rapid progression, treatment resistance, and poor prognosis, with a survival rate of less than five years despite advances in medical interventions. A hallmark of GBM is metabolic reprogramming, which supports tumor growth and progression. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in this metabolic shift by altering energy production and disrupting key cellular pathways. However, the precise molecular mecha-nisms underlying these alterations remain inadequately understood. This review highlights th

Влияние изменений, флуктуации или изменчивости веса на риск неалкогольной толстой болезни печени в общей численности населения: систематический обзор и мета-анализ.

В настоящее время проводятся фоновые и целенаправленные исследования воздействия изменений веса на неалкогольное заболевание жировой печени; поэтому цель этого систематического обзора заключается в критическом обсуждении воздействия изменений, колебаний или колебаний веса на риск заболевания неалкогольной жировой печени у населения в целом. three базы данных, PubMed/Medline, Google Scientist и Scopus, которые были доступны до июня 2024, были использованы для составления материалов для наших исследований. Для этого исследования были представлены только публикации на английском языке, и их оценк