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Epidemiological profile and clinical outcomes of patients with mucormycosis: the multicenter retromucor study from Türkiye (2004-2024).

PURPOSE: Mucormycosis is a rapidly progressive angioinvasive fungal infection with limited large-scale outcome data. We aimed to describe the epidemiology, clinical spectrum, treatment strategies, and predictors of outcomes in adult patients with proven mucormycosis in Türkiye. METHODS: We conducted a nationwide, retrospective study of 280 adults diagnosed with proven mucormycosis between 2004 and 2024 across 27 tertiary centers. Case definitions were applied according to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortiu

62nd Annual Conference of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, February 10th - 13th, 2022, Pune.

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Targeted Radionuclide Therapy: Practical Applications and Future Prospects.

In recent years, there has been a proliferation in the development of targeted radionuclide cancer therapy. It is now possible to use baseline clinical and imaging assessments to determine the most effective therapy and to tailor this therapy during the course of treatment based on radiation dosimetry and tumor response. Although this personalized approach to medicine has the advantage of maximizing therapeutic effect while limiting toxicity, it can be challenging to implement and expensive. Further, in order to use targeted radionuclide therapy effectively, there is a need for multidisciplina

Valve repair after infective endocarditis secondary to perforation caused by Streptococcus gordonii: A case report.

BackgroundWe report a case of infective endocarditis (IE) in a patient with congenital heart valve lesions accompanied by IE, which was diagnosed based on blood culture analysis that revealed the presence of a gram-negative bacterium, Streptococcus gordonii.Case summaryThe patient had a history of precordial valve disease diagnosed by cardiac ultrasound, as well as a 4-mo history of fever. He was subjected to comprehensive anti-infection and anti-heart failure treatment in the internal medicine department. Further examination revealed sudden dislodgement from and perforation through the aortic

Резюме АОКНМБ и СНМИКС 2025

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Amyloidosis in Childhood: A Review of Clinical Features and Comparison with Adult Forms.

Amyloidosis is a rare multisystem disorder characterized by extracellular accumulation of insoluble fibrils in various organs and tissues. The most common subtype in the pediatric population is systemic reactive amyloidosis, typically developing secondary to chronic inflammatory conditions and resulting in deposition of serum amyloid A protein in association with apolipoprotein HDL3. Clinical presentation is highly variable and is mostly influenced by specific organs involved, precursor protein type, and extent of amyloid deposition, often closely reflecting clinical features of the underlying

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… Pulmonary amyloidosis may present radiologically with multiple pulmonary nodules, a solitary nodular mass, or ground-glass opacities, and symptoms such as dyspnea, physical decline, cough, hemoptysis, and bronchitis [ 71 ]. …

Diagnosis and treatment of multiple myeloma and AL amyloidosis with focus on improvement of renal lesion.

Multiple myeloma (MM) and AL amyloidosis are caused by the expansion of monoclonal plasma cells and secretion of dysproteinemia (Bence Jones protein and free light chain) and some patients require the hemodialysis. Myeloma kidney is mainly caused by the cast nephropathy of the distal tubuli, whereas, AL amyloid-protein is mainly deposited in glomeruli with massive fibrillar involvement. Therefore, almost MM patients presents a symptom of renal insufficiency, whereas, almost patients of AL amyloidosis present a nephrotic syndrome with severe hypoalbuminemia. These two diseases have some similar

Pancreatic Proteolytic Enzymes and Cancer: New Support for an Old Theory.

In 1905, the embryologist John Beard first proposed that pancreatic proteolytic enzymes had potential as a treatment for cancer. His theories were dismissed by the medical world a decade later, but various practitioners have kept the concept alive through the publication of case reports of cancer patients treated with pancreatic proteolytic enzymes. In the last 2 decades, studies of the role of proteases in physiology have made it clear that they do more than digest food. This article reviews the history of the clinical use of pancreatic proteolytic enzymes in cancer treatment, and recent rese

What the Intensivists Need to Know About Critically Ill Myeloma Patients

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Синергический потенциал стволовых клеток костного мозга и miR181-a комбинированная терапия против множественных склерозов.

Множественный склероз (MS) — прогрессивное аутоиммунное заболевание, характеризующееся массовой воспламенительной инфильтрацией, демиелинацией и последующими повреждениями аксона и нейронными повреждениями в центральной нервной системе (КНС). Этиология MS остается неясной, и пока еще нет окончательного графика лечения этого заболевания. Месенхимальные стволовые клетки костного мозга (МСЦ), демонстрирующие функции нейроиммунной модуляции в целях смягчения различных аутоиммунных заболеваний, демонстрируют большой потенциал в лечении MS. Вместе с тем нестабильность иммуноусилительного воздействия

Pathology Competencies in Medical Education and Educational Cases: Update 2023.

Pathology is a core component of medical school curricula because understanding the pathogenesis of the disease is foundational both for diagnostic efficiency and optimal use of ancillary resources in patient care. The Pathology Competencies for Medical Education (PCME) were developed as a national resource of expectations of pathology knowledge for medical students. The PCME are composed of three competencies: disease mechanisms and processes, organ system pathology, and diagnostic pathology and therapeutic pathology. The learning goals and learning objectives of the PCME that were first publ

A review of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection.

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is an infectious disease characterized by non-specific laboratory changes and clinical signs. Clinical symptoms include anorexia, jaundice, fever, and weight loss. Moreover, some lesions are found in the digestive and respiratory systems. FIP, whose virulence varies, cannot be distinguished using several diagnostic methods. Moreover, feline coronaviruses (FCoVs) can be classified into two serotypes based on differences in their amino acid sequences, spike (S) protein sequences, and antibody (Ab) neutralization. There are two pathotypes, namely those caused b

Hematology and Immune-Related Disorders

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Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation with non-myeloablative conditioning for patients with hematologic malignancies: Improved outcomes over two decades.

We have used a non-myeloablative conditioning regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for the past twenty years. During that period, changes in clinical practice have been aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality from infections, organ toxicity, and graft-versus-host disease. We hypothesized that improvements in clinical practice led to better transplantation outcomes over time. From 1997-2017, 1,720 patients with hematologic malignancies received low-dose total body irradiation +/- fludarabine or clofarabine before transplantation from HLA-matched sibling or unrelated donor

Translation of Epigenetics in Cell-Free DNA Liquid Biopsy Technology and Precision Oncology.

Technological advancements in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) liquid biopsy have triggered exponential growth in numerous clinical applications. While cfDNA-based liquid biopsy has made significant strides in personalizing cancer treatment, the exploration and translation of epigenetics in liquid biopsy to clinical practice is still nascent. This comprehensive review seeks to provide a broad yet in-depth narrative of the present status of epigenetics in cfDNA liquid biopsy and its associated challenges. It highlights the potential of epigenetics in cfDNA liquid biopsy technologies with the hopes of enha

Exploring neutrophil extracellular traps: mechanisms of immune regulation and future therapeutic potential.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are complex, web-like structures consisting of DNA intertwined with antimicrobial proteins, which neutrophils release upon immune activation. These structures play a crucial role in pathogen elimination, particularly in infectious diseases. However, their involvement in various pathological conditions is multifaceted and context-dependent, while NETs contribute to host defense against infections, they can also exacerbate sterile inflammation, autoimmune disorders, and tumor progression. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the molecular mechani

VEXAS Syndrome-Review.

VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome is a newly defined refractory adult-onset autoinflammatory syndrome caused by somatic mutations in the ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 (UBA1) gene in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, resulting in a shift in UBA1 isoform expression. Thus, patients develop a spectrum of systemic inflammatory manifestations and hematologic symptoms. To date, patients respond poorly to immune suppressive drugs, except high-dose glucocorticoids, and no treatment guidelines have been established. Given the high mortality ra

Insights Into Late-Onset Rheumatoid Arthritis (LORA): Characteristics (Clinical and Imaging), Comorbidities, and Therapeutic Targets.

Late-onset rheumatoid arthritis (LORA) is defined as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) manifesting after the age of 65 years, although the terminology remains somewhat ambiguous. With the advent of a super-aging society and extended life expectancies, a significant increase in the incidence of LORA is anticipated. In comparison to young-onset RA (YORA), LORA is predominantly characterized by a higher incidence of acute onset, augmented disease activity and constitutional symptoms, a propensity for systemic manifestations, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate at disease onset, reduced seropositivit

A Rare Presentation of Multiple Myeloma as a Second Primary Cancer Sequential to Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Case Report.

INTRODUCTION: The sequential occurrence of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) a common type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and multiple myeloma (MM) is exceedingly rare, presenting a significant challenge in both diagnosis and treatment. CASE PRESENTATION: The case report discusses a 60-year-old male patient with a history of DLBCL which was diagnosed following symptoms of fever, weight loss and night sweats. He was treated with RVP (rituximab 375 mg/m2, vincristine 1.4 mg/m2, prednisolone 60 mg/m2) and R-CHOP regimen (rituximab 375 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m2, doxorubicin 50 mg/m2,

Cancer in Pregnancy: Therapeutic Decisions at the Intersection of Two Lives.

Background: Cancer during pregnancy is a rare but increasingly encountered condition due to delayed childbearing and improved survival of women with cancer. The coexistence of malignancy and pregnancy poses complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, requiring careful balance between maternal prognosis and fetal safety. Objective: This review aims to summarize current evidence on the diagnosis and multidisciplinary management of cancer during pregnancy, focusing on the safe use of oncologic therapies, obstetric decision-making, and maternal and fetal outcomes. Methods: A narrative review wa