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Effects of Intravenous Eptinezumab vs Placebo on Headache Pain and Most Bothersome Symptom When Initiated During a Migraine Attack: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

IMPORTANCE: Intravenous eptinezumab, an anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide antibody, is approved for migraine prevention in adults. It has … d points were time to headache pain freedom and time to absence of most bothersome symptom (nausea, photophobia, or phonophobia). Key secondary end points were headache pain freedom and absence of most bothersome symptom at 2 hours after start of infusion. Additional secondary end points were headache pain freedom and absence of most bothersome symptom at 4 h …

A Ruptured Tri-Lobulated ICA-PCom Aneurysm Presenting with Preserved Neurological Function: Case Report and Clinical-Anatomical Analysis.

Background and Clinical Significance: Although rupture of aneurysms at the internal carotid-posterior communicating artery (ICA-PCom) juncti … 48-year-old hypertensive female experienced an acute "thunderclap" headache accompanied by intense photophobia and focal meningeal irritation, but, unexpectedly, retained a normal neurologic examination. She did exhibit some minor ocular motor micro-latencies, early cortical attentional strain and lateralized pain sensation that suggested localized cisternal …

Effect of Low-Concentration Atropine Eyedrops vs Placebo on Myopia Incidence in Children: The LAMP2 Randomized Clinical Trial.

IMPORTANCE: Early onset of myopia is associated with high myopia later in life, and myopia is irreversible once developed. OBJECTIVE: To ev … y different in 2-year cumulative myopia incidence or percentage of patients with fast myopic shift. Photophobia was the most common adverse event and was reported by 12.9% of participants in the 0.05% atropine group, 18.9% in the 0.01% atropine group, and 12.2% in the placebo group in the second year. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among children aged 4 to 9 yea …

Evaluation of the drug monitoring programme of azelastine hydrochloride nasal spray in the treatment of allergic rhinitis in children under 13 years of age.

The efficacy and safety of a nasal spray containing azelastine (CAS 58581-89-8; e.g. Afluon, Allergadil, Rhinolast) in the treatment of both … : sneezing, nose itching, nose congestion, rhinorrhoea, smell reduction, eye itching, lachrimation, photophobia, throat itching, and coughing. Symptoms were rated according to a four-point scale: 0 = absent, 1 = slight, 2 = moderate, and 3 = severe. Both the investigators and the patients were requested to evaluate efficacy and tolerance according to a four p …

Intravenous magnesium sulfate rapidly alleviates headaches of various types.

BACKGROUND: Circumstantial evidence points to the possible role of magnesium deficiency in the pathogenesis of headaches and has raised ques … . Patients treated with MgSO4 observed complete elimination of migraine-associated symptoms such as photophobia and phonophobia as well as nausea. Correlation was noted between immediate and 24-hour responses with the serum IMg2+ levels. Immediate pain relief was observed in 32 (80%) of 40 patients (P < 0.001). In 18. of the 32 patients, pain relief persisted …

A Closed-Loop Audit: The Assessment of Red Flags and Management of Acute Conjunctivitis in Primary Care.

Background Acute red eye is a common presenting complaint to primary care. Although conjunctivitis is the most common cause, some conditions can be sight-threatening. Diagnosing such conditions can be difficult given the broad differential diagnoses and limited specialist equipment. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has published five "red flags," which may indicate the need for urgent ophthalmological assessment: reduced visual acuity (VA), copious discharge, marked eye pain/photophobia, contact lens use and recent trauma. For patients not requiring specialist refer…

Amiodarone-induced ocular and extra-ocular toxicity: a retrospective cohort study.

Amiodarone (AMD) is a largely employed anti-arrhythmic agent for the treatment of recurrent supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmia … tion of visual acuity to eye redness and progressive glare were reported in 14 patients and lasting photophobia in the remaining 3 patients. Verticillate keratopathy (VK), stage 1-4, was diagnosed in all of them. Following AMD cessation, the patients were checked after a mean of 94 days and clear corneas were found in 12 of them, whereas lower-stage VK persis …

Headache as a Cardinal Symptom of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the semiology of pain and its associated features in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and headache p … 45.5%) and coughing (43/99, 43.4%). Patients showed a propensity toward prostration (41/99, 41.4%), photophobia (29/99, 29.3%), and phonophobia (27/99, 27.3%). Partial (53/99, 53.5%) or total (26/99, 26.3%) responses to first-step analgesics were reported. A total of 25/99 (25.3%) patients had a prior history of migraine, presenting with headache different fr …

Ocular Ultrasound as a Key to Diagnosing Uveitis-Masked Syndromes: Tips and Tricks.

Background and Objectives: Uveitis-masked syndromes or masquerade syndromes (UMSs) are a group of ocular conditions with several systemic un … s reported blurred vision, which could be accompanied by visual reduction (<20/40, Snellen charts), photophobia, floaters, flashes, proptosis, and redness. In all cases, we noted peculiar ultrasonographic signs, which allowed us to discriminate the underlying systemic diagnosis, such as vitreous corpuscles, choroid thickening, and primitive or metastatic soli …

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs exposure and the central nervous system.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most commonly used agents in clinical practice. They are employed as anti-inflam … drug-induced meningitis are similar to those of infectious meningitis and include fever, headache, photophobia, and stiff neck. The laboratory findings are also similar, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis of several hundred or thousand cells, mainly neutrophils, elevated levels of protein, normal or low glucose levels and negative cultures. Drug …

Safety and efficacy of rimegepant orally disintegrating tablet for the acute treatment of migraine in China and South Korea: a phase 3, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: No acute treatments targeting calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) have been approved for use in China or South Korea. We aime … ndpoints of freedom from pain and freedom from the most bothersome symptom (nausea, phonophobia, or photophobia) 2 h after dosing were assessed in the modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population (randomly assigned participants who took study medication for a migraine attack of moderate or severe pain intensity, and provided at least one efficacy datapoint a …

[Migrainous aura subtypes in hospitalized children].

INTRODUCTION: Migraine with aura is characterized by reversible focal neurological symptoms preceding or accompanying headache. Visual aura … 2/30 patients. Nausea was the most common accompanying symptom present in 20/30 patients. Vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia occurred in 15 patients each. Coexistence of nausea and/or vomiting, photo- and phonophobia was reported in 12 cases. Vertigo and balance disturbances were frequently found additional symptoms and occurred in 11 and 2 patients and in …

Topiramate versus amitriptyline in migraine prevention: a 26-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group noninferiority trial in adult migraineurs.

OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of topiramate and amitriptyline in the prophylax … y efficacy variables included changes in the mean monthly severity of migraine-associated symptoms (photophobia, phonophobia, and nausea), change in the mean monthly frequency f migraine-associated vomiting, and response rates (based on monthly migraine days and total headache days). The Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MSQ) and the Weight Sat …

Insomnia symptoms amongst those with acute post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury.

BACKGROUND: Previous publications have described the presence and severity of insomnia amongst those with persistent post-traumatic headache … severe insomnia symptoms. Insomnia symptoms may be associated with more severe depression, anxiety, photophobia, hyperacusis, headache severity, and cognitive impairment. To address the overall well-being of patients with APTH, clinicians should screen for and appropriately manage insomnia along with other symptoms following mTBI.

Meningococcal Meningitis with Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome.

AUDIENCE: This scenario was developed to educate junior and senior emergency medicine (EM) residents. It can also be cut short to be used fo … 9 in 100,000).1 The presentation for bacterial meningitis includes neck stiffness, fever, vomiting, photophobia, positive Kernig and Brudzinski's sign, and lethargy. In addition, 80% patients with meningococcal meningitis have rash during some stage of their disease.2 A feared and rare complication of severe meningococcal disease is Waterhouse-Friderichsen Sy …

Case 259.

History In November 2012, a previously healthy 31-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a 2-month history of right-sided numbness, diplopia, and intermittent nausea and dizziness. She did not have a history of fever, weight loss, headache, photophobia, seizure, or extremity weakness. Physical examination revealed left abduction limitation and right-sided hypoesthesia. Kernig and Brudzinski signs were absent, and pathergy test results were negative. Laboratory evaluation revealed normal complete and differential blood counts, normal serum chemistry, and normal immune function. Analys…

Case 259: Primary Central Nervous System Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis Mimicking Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation with Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids (CLIPPERS).

History In November 2012, a previously healthy 31-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a 2-month history of right-sided numbness, diplopia, and intermittent nausea and dizziness. She did not have a history of fever, weight loss, headache, photophobia, seizure, or extremity weakness. Physical examination revealed left abduction limitation and right-sided hypoesthesia. Kernig and Brudzinski signs were absent, and pathergy test results were negative. Laboratory evaluation revealed normal complete and differential blood counts, normal serum chemistry, and normal immune function. Analys…

[Frontal sinus osteoma as a cause of purulent meningitis].

INTRODUCTION: Osteomas are benign tumours located within bones or developing on them (1). The incidence of osteomas is as follows: frontal, … , he was conscious, oriented, with well developed osteomuscular structure. He did not vomit or have photophobia; meningeal signs were negative; febrile. Laboratory blood findings were normal, except for higher sedimentation (SE + 27) and higher blood sugar (BS = 8.1 mmol/l). Due to permanent diffuse headaches a lumbar puncture was performed on Dec. 1, 1996. L …

Adverse events of antibody-drug conjugates on the ocular surface in cancer therapy.

Antibody-drug conjugates consist of a monoclonal antibody attached to a cytotoxic therapeutic molecule by a connector. This association allows a highly specific therapy, which increases their effectiveness and decreases their potential toxicity. This new therapy emerged approximately 20 years ago; since then, numerous combinations have appeared in the field of treatment-related neoplasms as an alternative for patients who do not achieve good results with conventional treatment options. Adverse effects of these drugs on the ocular surface are frequent and varied. Their prevalence ranges from 20

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… Corneal events are caused by the toxicity of the MMAF toxin, and symptoms included dry eye (34%), blurred vision (46%), foreign body sensation, and/or photophobia with keratitis and MECs (72%), all of which were reversible. … However, photophobia, annular keratitis, and limbal stem cell deficiency led to drug discontinuation in three patients receiving different dose regimens (4.34 or 6.5 mg/kg). Notably, the photophobia and keratitis resolved without sequelae [ 43 ]. …

Ocular complications of antineoplastic therapies.

Ocular complications of antineoplastic agents can have a profound effect on the quality of life of cancer patients. New oncologic treatments like monoclonal antibodies, immunotherapies, antibody-drug conjugates, checkpoint inhibitors and growth factor receptors have resulted in increased ocular complications. These ocular complications differs in respect to distinct mechanisms of actions and lead to significant challenges in the management of cancer patients. In this review, we reviewed literature, clinical studies and cases detailing ocular complications due to administration of antineoplasti

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… Ocular side effects to cytosine arabinoside include photophobia, burning ocular pain, blurred vision, and epiphora. … , periorbital edema, blurred vision | [ 35 ] Pemetrexed | Visual field defects, ischemic optic neuropathy | [ 39 ] Fludarabine | Photophobia, diplopia, cortical blindness | [ 40 ] Gemcitabine | Blurred vision, uveal effusion | [ 41 ] Pentostatin | Conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis, photophobia, retinopathy …