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"3D channel maze" to control drug release from multiple unit tablets.

Diffusion is defined as general mechanism for drug release from advanced delivery systems, yet dynamic structure of dosage form intrinsically plays an unknown role. The synchrotron radiation X-ray micro-computed tomography (SR-μCT) three-dimensional (3D) imaging and in-depth analysis of 3D structures were applied to readily differentiate materials and accurately capture internal structure changes of multiple unit pellet system (MUPS) and the constituent pellets, visualizing internal 3D structure of a MUPS of theophylline tablets for their 3 levels hierarchy structures: pellets with rapid drug

An Analysis of pH and Sugar Content of Commonly Prescribed Pediatric Liquid Medications: The Current Indian Scenario.

OBJECTIVES: Oral liquid medications are frequently prescribed to children because they are easier to swallow than other dosage forms. These pediatric liquid medications (PLMs) have sugars added to them for better compliance or as preservatives. Children with chronic illnesses may frequently consume these medications. The presence of sugars and their frequent exposure presents a high risk of dental caries in these children. Additionally, the critical pH can be reached if acids below a pH of 5.5 contact the tooth, causing enamel demineralization. Hence, there was a need to study the sugar conten…

Карвацоль Ойл как нейропоохранный агент: обзор дизайна исследований и последних достижений.

Нейродегенеративные заболевания в основном воспринимаются как болезни стареющего населения, однако сегодня в день эти заболевания представляют угрозу для населения всех возрастных групп, несмотря на значительное улучшение качества жизни. Согласно сообщениям, почти все основные масла (ЭО) обладают определенными нейрозащитными способностями и на протяжении столетий использовались в качестве добавок к хорошему психическому здоровью. Этот обзор свидетельствует о терапевтическом потенциале одного такого монотерпенового фенола, карвакрула (CV), который может быть использован в качестве основного тер

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Neurodegenerative diseases were mostly perceived as diseases of ageing populations, but now-a-days, these diseases pose a threat to populati … ctive potential of CV; however, a lack of studies was observed regarding CV encapsulation in proper dosage forms, in particular nanoparticles, which could be further explored for CV delivery to the central nervous system.

Intravaginal Drug Delivery Systems to Treat the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: Towards the Design of Safe and Efficacious Estrogen-loaded Prototypes.

Estrogens locally delivered to the vagina by tablets, capsules, rings, pessaries, and creams are the most common and highly recommended plat … nd formulation constituent's attributes on the efficacy, safety, and patient acceptability of these dosage forms. This review therefore aims to classify and compare various designs of commercially available and non-commercial vaginal 17β-estradiol formulations and analyze their performance in terms of systemic absorption, efficacy, safety, and patient satisfac …

Microneedles and Their Application in Transdermal Delivery of Antihypertensive Drugs-A Review.

One of the most cutting-edge, effective, and least invasive pharmaceutical innovations is the utilization of microneedles (MNs) for drug del … tensive drug delivery and provide an alternative option, overcoming the restrictions of the current dosage forms.

Enhanced topical paromomycin delivery for cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment: Passive and iontophoretic approaches.

Conventional treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis, a neglected vector-borne infectious disease, can frequently lead to serious adverse effects. Paromomycin (PAR), an aminoglycoside antibiotic, has been suggested for the topical treatment of disease-related lesions, but even when formulated in high drug-loading dosage forms, presents controversial efficacy. The presence of five ionizable amino groups hinder its passive cutaneous penetration but make PAR an excellent candidate for iontophoretic delivery. The objective of this study was to verify the feasibility of using iontophoresis for cutan…

Overcoming Bioavailability Challenges of Dasabuvir and Enabling a Triple-Combination Direct-Acting Antiviral HCV Regimen through a Salt of Very Weak Acid for Oral Delivery.

Dasabuvir is a non-nucleoside polymerase inhibitor for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. It is an extremely weak diacidic … ubility and dissolution rate of solids, this approach has rarely been applied to develop oral solid dosage forms for acidic drugs as weak as dasabuvir due to concerns of rapid disproportionation and crystallization of its free acid. In this contribution, we detail our efforts in identifying dasabuvir monosodium monohydrate as a drug substance that is stable, m …

Imatinib, a New Adjuvant Medical Treatment for Multifocal Villonodular Synovitis Associated to Noonan Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Noonan syndrome (NS) is an autosomal dominant multisystem disorder caused by the dysregulation of the Rat Sarcoma/Mitogen-activated protein kinase (RAS/MAPK) pathway and characterized by short stature, heart defects, pectus excavatum, webbed neck, learning disabilities, cryptorchidism, and facial dysmorphia. Villonodular synovitis is a joint disorder most common in young adults characterized by an abnormal proliferation of the synovial membrane. Multifocal Villonodular synovitis is a rare disease whose recurrent nature can make its management particularly difficult. Currently, there is no syst

In-situ tear fluid dissolving nanofibers enable prolonged viscosity-enhanced dual drug delivery to the eye.

Liquid and semi-solid formulations are the most commonly used drug delivery systems for ophthalmic diseases. Upon application into the conju … em poses a highly promising platform technology, overcoming challenges associated with conventional dosage forms for drug delivery to the anterior eye and thus significantly advancing therapeutic approaches.

Risperidone/Randomly Methylated β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex-Compatibility Study with Pharmaceutical Excipients.

Risperidone (RSP) is an atypical antipsychotic drug used in treating schizophrenia, behavioral, and psychological symptoms of dementia and i … lts of this study allow a pertinent selection of three excipients that can be incorporated in solid dosage forms.

Review of beneficial effects of resveratrol in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.

PURPOSE: The prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease is rising, in part due to increase in the medium age of residents in developed countries. The aim of the study has been to determine whether resveratrol (RSV) can be effective in the prevention or treatment of Alzheimer's Disease, providing its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and SIRT1-activating properties. METHODS: A systematic review of some experimental and clinical studies has been made. The eligibility criteria have comprised: maximum 10 years passed from the study publication, geographical diversity of the studies performed, and - as much

Effect of Common Excipients on Intestinal Drug Absorption in Wistar Rats.

The aim of the present paper is to study the effect of common excipients on the permeability of atenolol (as drug absorbed mainly by passive diffusion) and rhodamine (as P-glycoprotein substrate). The apparent permeability was measured by an in situ perfusion method in Wistar rats using the closed loop Doluisio's method. Permeability values were characterized in the absence and presence of 18 commonly used excipients. Excipient concentrations were selected based on the amounts in oral immediate release dosage forms, which failed the test during the human bioequivalence studies. Atenolol was st…

Three-Dimensional NMR Spectroscopy of Fluorinated Pharmaceutical Solids under Ultrafast Magic Angle Spinning.

High-resolution solid-state analysis of multicomponent molecular systems, e.g., pharmaceutical formulations, is a great challenge. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy plays a critical role in the characterization of solid dosage forms due to its capabilities of chemical identification, quantification, and structural elucidation at a molecular level. However, the low NMR sensitivity as well as the high spectral complexity and low drug loading of multicomponent products hinder an in-depth investigation of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) at the natural isotopic …

Smartphone-based Ellman's colourimetric methods for the analysis of d-penicillamine formulation and thiolated polymer.

A new, smartphone-based colourimetric method for the assay of d-penicillamine formulations relying on the Ellman's reaction was developed by … f drug content and the determination of drug amount released in the dissolution test in the capsule dosage forms. Apart from that, a smartphone was employed for the colour measurement as an alternative to a spectrophotometer in the currently used method for the quantitation of free sulfhydryl groups in polymers. Using cysteine-conjugated chitosan as a sample a …

Design of a Time-Controlled Pulsatile Release System for Propranolol Using the Dry-Coated Method: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation.

The objective of this study was to design a time-controlled pulsatile release (TCPR) system containing propranolol (PNH) as an active pharmaceutical ingredient. Here, the developed dosage forms were coated with hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose (HPMC) and other excipients as barrier layer using dry-coated technology. The influence of HPMC, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), and lactose in the outer coating and the coating weight on drug release were investigated. Then, a three-factor, five-level central composite design (CCD) and response surface method were used to optimize the formula of the coat…

Application of Spray Drying Technique for Flowability enhancement of Divalproex Sodium.

BACKGROUND: Tablets and capsules are the most accepted and widely used solid dosage forms in the medical therapy. Flow property of the powders is playing a key role in the various pharmaceutical fields especially in the fomulation of tablets and capsules. The high hygroscopic crystalline structure of anhydrous Divalproex sodium (DVX) makes it to be appear as waxy white flakes with almost no powder flowability which cause serious problems during the tabletting and capsule filling procedures. PURPOSE: The main objective of this study was to improve the flowability of DVX powder. METHODS: DVX wa…

Adaptive Cross-Resistance to Aminoglycoside Antibiotics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Induced by Topical Dosage of Neomycin.

BACKGROUND: Topical antimicrobial formulations containing neomycin are commonly used to prevent and treat burn infections. However, Pseudomo … . aeruginosa can survive in the presence of neomycin with a concentration typically used in topical dosage forms, and that the acquired adaptive resistance is persistent and is accompanied by cross-resistance to other aminoglycosides.

Design, formulation, and evaluation of ginger medicated chewing gum.

BACKGROUND: Various ginger compounds improve gastrointestinal problems and motion sickness. The main effects of ginger allocate to some phenolics such as gingerols and shogaols that act as their active agents. Chewing gums are among convenient dosage forms which patients prefer due to their advantages. Hence, this study tried to design, formulate, and evaluate ginger chewing gum of favorable taste and texture to avoid motion sickness and have gastro-protective and anti-oxidant effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dried ginger rhizomes were percolated to extract ginger compounds. Total phenolics wer…

Mitomycin C-associated scleral stromalysis after pterygium surgery.

PURPOSE: To describe complications after use of mitomycin C (MMC) as a surgical adjuvant in pterygium surgery. METHODS: This is a retrospective chart review of patients presenting to a tertiary referral center over a 7-year period with a diagnosis of scleral stromalysis after previous pterygium removal. RESULTS: Sixteen eyes of 15 patients were identified with scleral stromalysis after pterygium surgery with the use of adjuvant MMC. Three eyes were excluded because of insufficient chart information or previous beta-irradiation treatment. Twelve of 13 eyes underwent surgical treatment for pri

Liquid chromatographic determination of caffeine and adrenergic stimulants in food supplements sold in Brazilian e-commerce for weight loss and physical fitness.

Methyl-xanthines and adrenergic stimulants, such as caffeine and synephrine, are commonly added to food supplements due to their stimulating and thermogenic effects. In addition, the abusive consumption of food supplements with ergogenic and aesthetic purposes has been observed worldwide. This work describes the study of caffeine, p-synephrine, hordenine, octopamine, tyramine, ephedrine and salicin as stimulants in dietary supplements marketed in Brazil for weight loss and physical fitness claims. A total of 94 different products were acquired from 30 Brazilian websites. Thus, the sampling of