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ompA Sequencing and Multilocus Sequence Typing of Lymphogranuloma Venereum Cases in Buenos Aires Reveal New Chlamydia trachomatis Genotypes.

Since the Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) outbreak was first described in Buenos Aires in 2017, the detected strains presented peculiar characteristics. Our goal was to increase the understanding of the strains involved in the LGV outbreak in Argentina. We characterized the ompA gene sequences, using Sanger sequencing, of 88 LGV strains from 239 symptomatic patients in Buenos Aires enrolled between 2017 and 2019, and selected 20 C. trachomatis strains for further characterization using Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST). Following the ompA gene analysis of the 88 LGV strains, we detected 43% L2b

Machine Learning and Metabolic Model Guided CRISPRi Reveals a Central Role for Phosphoglycerate Mutase in Chlamydia trachomatis Persistence.

Upon nutrient starvation, Chlamydia trachomatis serovar L2 (CTL) shifts from its normal growth to a non-replicating form, termed persistence. It is unclear if persistence is an adaptive response or lack of it. To understand that transcriptomics data were collected for nutrient-sufficient and nutrient-starved CTL. Applying machine learning approaches on transcriptomics data revealed a global transcriptomic rewiring of CTL under stress conditions without having any global stress regulator. This indicated that CTL's stress response is due to lack of an adaptive response mechanism. To investigate …

Sublingual Boosting with a Novel Mucoadhesive Thermogelling Hydrogel Following Parenteral CAF01 Priming as a Strategy Against Chlamydia trachomatis.

Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease of bacterial origin. The high number of asymptomatic cases makes it difficult to stop the transmission, requiring vaccine development. Herein, a strategy is proposed to obtain local genital tract immunity against C. trachomatis through parenteral prime and sublingual boost. Subcutaneous administration of chlamydia CTH522 subunit vaccine loaded in the adjuvant CAF01 is combined with sublingual administration of CTH522 loaded in a novel thermosensitive and mucoadhesive hydrogel. Briefly, a ternary optimized hydrogel (OGEL) …

Differential expression of groEL-1, incB, pyk-F, tal, hctA and omcB genes during Chlamydia trachomatis developmental cycle.

Chlamydia trachomatis infects squamous and columnar epithelia at the mucosal surface. Research on gene expression patterns of C. trachomatis has predominantly focused on non-native host cells, with limited data on growth kinetics and gene expression of chlamydia in keratinocytes. Here, we investigated whether early, mid, and late chlamydial genes observed in HeLa cell line studies were co-ordinately regulated at the transcriptional level even in the keratinized cell line model and whether the expression was stage-specific during the developmental cycle. HaCaT cell lines were infected with chla…

Identifying HLA DRB1-DQB1 alleles associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection and in silico prediction of potentially-related peptides.

HLA class II (HLA-II) genes' polymorphism influences the immune response to Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct), it is considered a sexually transmitted infection. However, associations between HLA-II alleles and Ct-infection have been little explored in humans; this study was thus aimed at determining HLA-DRB1-DQB1 alleles/haplotypes' effect on Ct-infection outcome in a cohort of Colombian women. Cervical sample DNA was used as template for detecting Ct by PCR and typing HLA-DRB1-DQB1 alleles/haplotypes by Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Survival models were adjusted for identifying the alleles/haplotypes'…

Does tumour necrosis factor alpha-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression lead to spontaneous abortion in Chlamydia trachomatis-infected women.

Cytokines might be involved in spontaneous abortion by triggering inflammatory mediators (Cyclooxygenases (Cox)) leading to spontaneous abortion in Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct)-infected women. Study aimed to quantitate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-8) and Cox-2 in endometrial curettage tissue (ECT) of Spontaneous Aborters (SA). SA (n = 135) and 120 age-matched controls were enrolled from SJH, New Delhi, India. PCR was performed for detection of Ct MOMP gene (537 bp) in ECT. mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and Cox-2 was assessed by real-time qPCR. Da…

Заражение женщин из Южной провинции Хунань в Китае хламидией трахоматисом и Папильомавирусом человека: крупное исследование наблюдений.

Наиболее распространенными патогенами инфекций, передающихся половым путем (ИППП), которые могут повысить риск рака шейки матки и бесплодия, являются хламидиотрахоматис и папиломавирус человека (ВПЧ). Цель этого исследования заключалась в оценке распространенности, генотипа и факторов риска, связанных с инфекцией К. трахомати и/или ВПЧ, среди женщин, проходящих ежегодный медицинский осмотр, ассистент по вопросам репродуктивного здоровья и посещающих гинекологические клиники провинции Южный Хунань в Китае. Отбор проб цервицей и свабами был произведен у 5006 участников. Мы обнаружили, что общая

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Chlamydia trachomatis and human papillomavirus (HPV) are the most common pathogens of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which can increase the risk of cervical cancer and infertility. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, genotype and risk factors of C. trachomatis and/or HPV infection in women attending the annual physical examinat…

Chlamydia trachomatis plasmid-encoded protein pORF5 activates unfolded protein response to induce autophagy via MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.

Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) is an obligate intracellular organism that depends on nutrients from the host cell for their replication and proliferation. Therefore, the interaction between this pathogen and host induces sustained endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the infected cells. Unfolded protein response (UPR) has been demonstrated to be activated by chlamydial secreted effectors, allowing host cells to recover from the stressful state. In this study, we attempted to explore the role of the only secreted plasmid-encoded protein pORF5 of C. trachomatis between UPR and autophagy …

Infection of HeLa cells with Chlamydia trachomatis inhibits protein synthesis and causes multiple changes to host cell pathways.

The obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis replicates in a cytosolic vacuole in human epithelial cells. Infection of human cells with C. trachomatis causes substantial changes to many host cell-signalling pathways, but the molecular basis of such influence is not well understood. Studies of gene transcription of the infected cell have shown altered transcription of many host cell genes, indicating a transcriptional response of the host cell to the infection. We here describe that infection of HeLa cells with C. trachomatis as well as infection of murine cells with Chlamydia mur…

Has Chlamydia trachomatis prevalence in young women in England, Scotland and Wales changed? Evidence from national probability surveys.

We evaluate the utility of the National Surveys of Attitudes and Sexual Lifestyles (Natsal) undertaken in 2000 and 2010, before and after the introduction of the National Chlamydia Screening Programme, as an evidence source for estimating the change in prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) in England, Scotland and Wales. Both the 2000 and 2010 surveys tested urine samples for CT by Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs). We examined the sources of uncertainty in estimates of CT prevalence change, including sample size and adjustments for test sensitivity and specificity, survey non-respon…

Prevalence, risk factors and molecular characterization of Chlamydia trachomatis in pregnant women from Córdoba, Argentina: A prospective study.

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis causes the most prevalent bacterial Sexual Transmitted Infection. In pregnant women, untreated chlamydial infections are associated with abortions, premature rupture of membranes, postpartum endometritis, low birth weight and transmission to the newborn. In Córdoba, Argentina, there is little knowledge about the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in women in their third trimester of pregnancy, so, the aim of this study was to evaluate Chlamydia trachomatis prevalence and genotypes present in Cordovan pregnant women with different age and socioeconomic status.…

Genomic analyses of the Chlamydia trachomatis core genome show an association between chromosomal genome, plasmid type and disease.

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) plasmid has been shown to encode genes essential for infection. We evaluated the population structure of Ct using whole-genome sequence data (WGS). In particular, the relationship between the Ct genome, plasmid and disease was investigated. RESULTS: WGS data from 157 Ct isolates deposited in the Chlamydiales pubMLST database ( http://pubMLST.org/chlamydiales/ ) were annotated with 902 genes including the core and accessory genome. Plasmid associated genes were annotated and a plasmid MLST scheme was defined allowing plasmid sequence types to be determine…

Genetic Inactivation of Chlamydia trachomatis Inclusion Membrane Protein CT228 Alters MYPT1 Recruitment, Extrusion Production, and Longevity of Infection.

Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen with global health and economic impact. Upon infection, C. trachomatis resides within a protective niche, the inclusion, wherein it replicates and usurps host cell machinery and resources. The inclusion membrane is the key host-pathogen interface that governs specific protein-protein interactions to manipulate host signaling pathways. At the conclusion of the infection cycle, C. trachomatis exits the host cell via lysis or extrusion. Extrusion depends on the phosphorylation state of myosin light chain 2 (MLC2); the extent of phosphory…

Survey, Culture, and Genome Analysis of Ocular Chlamydia trachomatis in Tibetan Boarding Primary Schools in Qinghai Province, China.

Trachoma, the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide, is an ancient human disease. Its existence in China can be traced back to as early as the twenty-seventh century BC. In modern China, the overall prevalence of trachoma has dramatically reduced, but trachoma is still endemic in many areas of the country. Here, we report that 26 (8%) of 322 students from two rural boarding schools of Qinghai province, west China, were identified as having ocular C. trachomatis infection; and 15 ocular C. trachomatis strains were isolated from these trachoma patients. Chlamydiae in 37 clinical sample

Conventional versus molecular detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae among males in a sexually transmitted infections clinic.

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are important bacterial pathogens of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide. This study sought to compare the analytical sensitivity and specificity of conventional methods against a rapid molecular method in detecting STIs caused by these bacteria. METHODS: Ninety five first-time male attendees of the Genito-urinary Medicine Clinic in Hospital Kuala Lumpur were included in this cross-sectional study. The detection of C. trachomatis was achieved through direct fluorescence antibody (DFA) staining of urethral swabs and real-…

HPV genotypes distribution in Chlamydia trachomatis co-infection in a large cohort of women from north-east Italy.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) and Chlamydia trachomatis are pathogens with oncogenic potential associated with persistent infections. Epidemiological data on C. trachomatis infection status, C. trachomatis/HPV co-infection and the relationship between HPV genotypes in Italian women are only preliminary. The aim of the present study was to characterize the relationship between HPV genotypes and C. trachomatis in an extending cohort of asymptomatic immunocompetent women from an area of north-east Italy. A retrospective study was conducted using Luminex technology on cervical swabs from asymptomatic…

[The current prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among teenagers and young asymptomatic Chilean women justifies the periodic surveillance].

INTRODUCTION: Chlamydia trachomatis infection constitutes the most common sexual transmitted disease (STD) among young women. International studies demonstrate that prevalence changes over time and also according to places. AIMS: To estimate the prevalence of this infection among asymptomatic Chilean women (15 to 24 years old) and correlating with risk factor occurrence. METHODS: Transversal cohort study to identify C. trachomatis infection through a diagnostic kit designed to detect and amplify cryptic plasmid DNA by quantitative PCR from endocervical sample. RESULTS: 181 women were screen…

Mecillinam against genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection: a small-scale proof-of-concept study shows a low cure rate.

OBJECTIVES: Mecillinam is highly active in vitro against Chlamydia spp. We aimed to determine whether mecillinam should be evaluated further as treatment for genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was conducted at an open-access clinic for sexually transmitted infections in Oslo, Norway. We planned to include 50 patients. Participants were asymptomatic, heterosexual male patients with a first-void urine sample found to be positive for C. trachomatis by PCR. Treatment consisted of 400 mg of pivmecillinam hydrochloride three times a day for 7 days. A test-of-cu…

Protection against genital tract Chlamydia trachomatis infection following intranasal immunization with a novel recombinant MOMP VS2/4 antigen.

The asymptomatic nature of most Chlamydia trachomatis infections and the lack of appropriate effects by current prevention and management call for vaccine development. We evaluated a recombinant subunit vaccine candidate based on the major outer membrane protein variable segments 2 and 4 (MOMP VS2/4). To achieve maximal immunogenicity and ease of production and purification, MOMP VS2/4 was constructed by using highly immunogenic sequences of MOMP only, thereby minimizing the presence of hydrophobic regions, and spacing the immunogenic epitopes with a flexible amino acid sequence. A purificatio…