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Measurement of 25-OH-vitamin D in human serum using liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry with comparison to radioimmunoassay and automated immunoassay.

The plasma 25-OH vitamin D concentration is a reliable biomarker for vitamin D status but assay's variability makes adequate monitoring of vitamin D status difficult. We employed isotope-dilution liquid chromatography (LC) tandem-mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for the measurement of both 25-OH vitamin D3 and 25-OH vitamin D2 in human serum. Hexadeuterium labelled 25-OH vitamin D3 internal standard (IS) was added to calibrators (prepared in phosphate-buffered saline with 60 g/L albumin), controls or patient sera and 25-OH vitamin D metabolites were released from vitamin D binding protein by adding s

Identifiable Helicobacter pylori strains or factors important in the development of duodenal ulcer disease.

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori is a primary pathogen as its presence in the stomach almost always is associated with a strong mucosal and s … ammonia from the gastric urea, which in turn injures the gastric mucosa either directly by forming ammonium hydroxide or indirectly by stimulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes and inhibiting cell proliferation. Other enzymes (e.g., mucinase, phospholipases, alcohol dehydrogenase, neuraminidase) could promote tissue erosion and ulceration by destroying the integrity …

Removal of ammonium from rare-earth wastewater using natural brucite as a magnesium source of struvite precipitation.

This paper presents a study regarding ammonium removal from rare-earth wastewater by struvite precipitation with natural brucite mineral as a source of magnesium. Experimental results indicated that a pH ranging from 8.5 to 9.5 was the optimum for the removal of ammonium using the soluble form of brucite as a magnesium source. Additionally, when solid brucite was used as a magnesium source as well as an alkali reagent, the initial ammonium concentration of 4,535 mg/L decreased to 239-317 mg/L after an reaction time of 12 h in wastewater treated with the S/L (solid brucite/liquid wastewater) ra

Total alkaloids of Fritillaria unibracteata var. wabuensis bulbus ameliorate chronic asthma via the TRPV1/Ca2+/NFAT pathway.

BACKGROUND: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that is challenging to treat. Fritillaria unibracteata var. wabuensis (FUW) is the plant origin for the famous Chinese antitussive medicine Fritillaria Cirrhosae Bulbus. The total alkaloids of Fritillaria unibracteata var. wabuensis bulbus (TAs-FUW) have anti-inflammatory properties and may be used to treat asthma. PURPOSE: To explore whether TAs-FUW have bioactivity against airway inflammation and a therapeutic effect on chronic asthma. METHODS: The alkaloids were extracted via ultrasonication in a cryogenic chloroform-methanol solution a

[Study on mechanism of Qinbaohong Oral Liquid in anti-inflammation, stopping cough, eliminating phlegm and relieving asthma based on network pharmacology].

This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory, antitussive, expectorant, and anti-asthmatic effects of Qinbaohong Oral Liquid in mouse experiments and explore its action mechanism based on network pharmacology. The mouse auricle swelling was induced by xylene for detecting the anti-inflammatory effect of Qinbaohong Oral Liquid, whose antitussive effect was then examined in mice with cough after exposure to ammonium hydroxide. The expectorant effect was determined based on the excretion of phenol red into the mouse trachea. The mouse model of asthma induced by histamine phosphate and ac…

Management and sequelae of a 41-year-old jehovah's witness with severe anhydrous ammonia inhalation injury.

Anhydrous ammonia is a commonly used chemicals that are found in fertilizer, refrigeration, and in other occupational environments. Lung damage because of inhalation of ammonia can be devastating, producing debilitating lung disease and can ultimately lead to death. This is the case of a 41-year-old male, previously healthy, Jehovah's Witness, who was working at a poultry plant facility when an explosion occurred exposing him to toxic levels of anhydrous ammonia. Our patient developed end-stage lung disease after sustaining a severe ammonia inhalation injury. Despite aggressive pulmonary rehab

Perchlorate retention and mobility in soils.

Adsorption and release of perchlorate in a variety of soils, minerals, and other media were studied when the solid media were exposed to low and high aqueous solutions of perchlorate salts. Low level ClO4- exposure was investigated by subjecting triplicate 5.0 g portions of a solid medium (38 different soils, minerals, or dusts) to 25 mL of an aqueous ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4) solution containing 670 ng mL(-1) (6.8 microM) perchlorate. This corresponds to a perchlorate-to-soil ratio of 3.4 microg g(-1) (34 nmol g(-1)). At this level of exposure, more than 90% of the perchlorate was recove

Comparison of methods for economic and efficient tick and Borrelia DNA purification.

DNA purification is a critical step in the processing of samples for molecular diagnosis and/ or identification of pathogens via polymerase … DNA was extracted using a commercial DNA extraction kit. Thirty-five ticks were treated with 1.25% ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH). Six ticks from each batch were placed in 70% ethanol (EtOH) for one week prior to DNA extraction to see the effect of EtOH preservation on total DNA yield. DNA yield was estimated in field-collected ticks using conventional PCR targeting th …

[Uremic toxins and gut micro biome].

In the past, little attention had been paid to the intestine and its microbial flora as a potential source of systemic inflammation in chron … FA-making bacteria. In addition, III-Disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier by ammonia and ammonium hydroxide generated from hydrolysis of urea by urease-possessing microbial species which are common complications of CKD, and bowel ischemia caused by excessive use of diuretics (in CKD patients) and aggressive ultrafiltration by hemodialysis (in ESRD patient …

Metal-Filled Polyvinylpyrrolidone Copolymers: Promising Platforms for Creating Sensors.

This paper presents research results on the properties of composite materials based on cross-linked grafted copolymers of 2-hydroxyethylmeth … e presence of low molecular weight substances, which is proven by the example involving ethanol and ammonium hydroxide. The established dependencies of the electrical conductivity of metal-filled pHEMA-gr-PVP copolymers and their hydrogels on various factors, in combination with high strength, elastic properties, sorption capacity, and resistance to aggressive media …

Behaviour and dynamics of di-ammonium phosphate in bauxite processing residue sand in Western Australia--II. Phosphorus fractions and availability.

BACKGROUND, AIM AND SCOPE: The production of alumina involves its extraction from bauxite ore using sodium hydroxide under high temperature and pressure. This process yields a large amount of residue wastes, which are difficult to revegetate due to their inherent hostile properties--high alkalinity and sodicity, poor water retention and low nutrient availability. Although phosphorus (P) is a key element limiting successful ecosystem restoration, little information is available on the availability and dynamics of P in rehabilitated bauxite-processing residue sand (BRS). The major aim of this ex

From scaffold to function: A systematic review on dLECM-based hydrogels for liver tissue engineering - Fabrication, properties, and translational applications.

BACKGROUND: Liver tissue engineering is a rapidly advancing field aiming to address the critical shortage of donor organs and improve in vit … perfusion as the primary decellularization methods. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Triton X-100, and ammonium hydroxide were the most common detergents, often combined with enzymatic treatments (e.g., DNase, trypsin) to enhance nuclear removal. dLECM was predominantly solubilized using pepsin in acidic conditions (acetic acid or HCl) and reconstituted into hydrogels …

The impact of nanostructuring on the hemocompatibility of polysulfobetaine (PSB) coated hydrogel surfaces.

A series of nanostructured polysulfobetaine (PSB) hydrogel-coated surfaces were fabricated and tested for hemocompatibility in contact with human blood. PSB films were grafted onto SiO2-coated silicon wafers or Au/quartz via photochemically induced polymerization of a sulfobetaine-based monomer (SBMA, [2-(methacryloylamino)propyl]dimethyl(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide). An anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane and latex beads (LB) were used as sacrificial template structures to synthesize polysulfobetaine nanowires (PSBAAO) and hyperporous (PSBLB) networks, respectively. Two soft sacrifici…

[Determination of five nitroimidazoles and six benzodiazepines in aquatic products using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry coupled with dispersive solid-phase extraction].

Nitroimidazoles (NMZs) are a crucial group of antibacterial compounds from a historical perspective. In the past, they were used for treatin … UHPLC-MS/MS) was developed. First, the samples were extracted with acetonitrile containing 1% (v/v) ammonium hydroxide, and the extracts were purified using dSPE with C18 and primary secondary amine sorbents. Second, the extracts were collected and dried at 45 ℃ under nitrogen flow. Finally, the extracts were redissolved in 1 mL methanol-water (1∶9, v/v) mixture, fi …

[Rapid determination of nine preservatives in tobacco flavor by three phase-hollow fiber-liquid phase microextraction-high performance liquid chromatography].

Tobacco flavors are extensively utilized in traditional tobacco products, electronic nicotine, heated tobacco products, and snuff. To inhibit fungal growth arising from high moisture content, preservatives such as benzoic acid (BA), sorbic acid (SA), and parabens are often incorporated into tobacco flavors. Nonetheless, consuming preservatives beyond safety thresholds may pose health risks. Therefore, analytical determination of these preservatives is crucial for both quality assurance and consumer protection. For example, BA and SA can induce adverse reactions in susceptible individuals, incl

The inotropic effects of ammonia on isolated perfused rat hearts and the mechanisms involved.

Ammonia (NH(3)) is a common exogenous gas in the atmosphere, as well as an endogenous chemical produced by amino acid catabolism and other pathways in vivo. Physiological and pathophysiological roles of NH(3) in the nervous system have been studied. Recently, endogenous NH(3) has been suggested to be a gas transmitter. However, so far the role of NH(3) in cardiovascular functions has not been reported. The present study was designed to investigate the inotropic effects of NH(3) on isolated perfused rat hearts and the possible mechanisms involved in these effects. The results showed that NH(3)

Saliva как матрица для терапевтического мониторинга наркотиков и биомаркеров заболеваний у детей и подростков.

Saliva — более доступная, менее напряженная и менее дорогостоящая биологическая матрица, чем кровь, и она может применяться в терапевтическом мониторинге лекарственных средств (ПТМ). Концентрации слюны отражают фармацевтический активный ненавязанный препарат. В этом обзоре содержится последняя информация о слюне в качестве матрицы для лечебного контроля за наркотиками и определения биомаркеров у младенцев, детей и подростков. К октябрю 2024 года по базе данных PubMed были проведены обыски литературы, 64 исследования были включены в TDM, стероиды, добавки, биомаркеры заболеваний, стоматология,

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… hydroxide (v: v:v), evaporation with nitrogen, dissolving in 100 µl of 10 mM ammonium formate and 0.1% formic acid in water 100 µL UPLC–MS-MS on a Xevo ® TQD with an ACQUITY UPLC ® ; IS: fentanyl-d5 and norfentanyl-d5 LOQ and LOD set to 10 ng/mL for fentanyl and norfentanyl Two infants potential to … The other additives were ammonium hydroxide [ 66 ], sodium phosphate dibasic (0.01 M) [ 34 ], potassium phosphate dibasic (0.05 M) [ 41 ], tetrabutylammonium bromide [ 34 ], and orthophosphoric acid [ 39 ]. Both isocratic [ 23 ] and gradient [ 49 ] elution were used for HPLC-FLD separation. …

Severe hyperammonemia from intense skeletal muscle activity: A rare case report and literature review.

RATIONALE: Adult hyperammonemia is most often the result of hepatic dysfunction. Hyperammonemia in the setting of normal hepatic function is a much less common phenomenon and has usually been associated with medications and certain disease states. Here, we present an unusual case of severe hyperammonemia caused physiologically by intense muscle activity in a patient lacking any evidence of liver disease. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 36-year-old woman was brought to the emergency department for a suicide attempt after being found covered in Lysol and Clorox germicidal bleach. She was noted to be in a s

Диагностический потенциал двух новых биомаркеров для спектра нейромиелита оптики и множественной склероза

Фон: В настоящее время нет тестов, которые могут однозначно диагностировать и различать нейромиелит оптического спектра (NMOSD) от множественной скlerоза (МС). Методы: Сначала были использованы протеомные исследования спинно-мозговой жидкости (ССФ) для выявления новых биомаркеров, которые различают NMOSD от МС в группах из 10 пациентов с МС и 10 пациентов с NMOSD. Далее биомаркеры были проверены с помощью метода связывания иммунно-электрофоретической реакции и образцов ССФ и сыворотки от 20 пациентов с МС, 20 пациентов с NMOSD, 20 непатологических нейрологических контролей и 20 здоровых контро

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… A was H2O adjusted to a pH of 10 with ammonium hydroxide, and B was acetonitrile adjusted to a pH of 10 with ammonium hydroxide. The following gradient was used to separate peptides: 8 to 18% phase B for 30 min, and 18 to 32% phase B for 22 min. …