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Reflectance Confocal Microscopy, Optical Coherence Tomography, and Multiphoton Microscopy in Inflammatory Skin Disease Diagnosis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Technological advances in medicine have brought about many novel skin imaging devices. This review aims to evaluate the scientific evidence supporting the use of noninvasive optical imaging techniques to aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of inflammatory skin diseases. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed and Scopus were searched in September 2020 according to PRISMA guidelines for articles using reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and multiphoton microscopy (MPM) in inflammatory skin diseases, excluding studies monitorin

Effect of far ultraviolet light emitted from an optical diffuser on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in vitro.

Drug-resistant bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are a target for new antimicrobial technologies. Far-UVC technology is an emerging disinfection method that directly kills microorganisms using light. In contrast with conventional UV sterilization, far-UVC light has antimicrobial capabilities without apparent harm to mammalian cells. This study examines the application of 224 nm far-UVC light delivered from a laser using an optical diffuser towards the goal of protecting against bacterial invasion around skin penetrating devices. Delivery of far-UVC using a las

Wafer-Level Transfer of GaN-on-Si Light-Emitting Devices via SiO2-SiO2 Direct Bonding: Strain Evolution and Optoelectronic Performance.

GaN-on-Si light-emitting devices have been widely studied in the field of opto-electronics, while their optical performance and characterization accessibility are severely limited by the strong visible light absorption of the native silicon substrate. Conventional substrate transfer technologies often suffer from inherent thermal, optical, or mechanical bottlenecks. In this study, we developed a robust wafer-level substrate transfer strategy for 8-inch green GaN-on-Si light-emitting device wafers, utilizing a hybrid planarization process combined with SiO2-SiO2 direct bonding. The hybrid plana

Direct Photochemical Patterning of Lithium Niobate Structures for Scalable Nonlinear Optical Metasurfaces.

Lithium niobate (LN) is one of the most sought-after materials for nanophotonic devices, including frequency converters, modulators, and quantum light sources. Integration of LN into optical devices, however, is hampered by significant top-down fabrication challenges due to its exceptional chemical resistance. Scalable fabrication methods that preserve material quality while reducing fabrication complexity and cost are, therefore, crucial to advancing LN devices. A photochemical metal-organic decomposition technique is presented for the scalable patterning of LN at ambient conditions, eliminat…

Fabrication-Aware Training for Two-Photon Polymerized Diffractive Deep Neural Networks.

Diffractive deep neural networks (D2NNs) provide a promising pathway toward high-speed, energy-efficient optical computing. However, a substantial discrepancy between simulation and experiment remains when devices are fabricated by two-photon polymerization (TPP) for visible/near-infrared operation. This discrepancy is primarily due to fabrication constraints. In particular, the finite voxel size of the writing focus and the layer-by-layer slicing quantization attenuate high-spatial-frequency phase features and distort the designed wavefront. Here, a fabrication-aware training (FAT) strategy i

All-in-One Magneto-optical Memory Arrays Based on a Two-Dimensional Ferromagnetic Metal.

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnetic materials with atomic-scale thickness and smooth interfaces promise the possibility of developing high-density, energy-efficient spintronic devices. However, it remains a challenge to effectively control the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) of 2D vdW ferromagnetic materials, as well as the integration of multiple memory cells. Here, we report highly efficient magneto-optical memory arrays by utilizing the huge spin-orbit torques (SOT) induced by the in-plane current in Fe3GeTe2 (FGT) flake. The device is constructed from individual FGT f

Amino acid catalyzed biomimetic preparation of tin oxide-germania nanocomposites and their characterization.

The efficiency of growth of nanocrystalline tin oxide-germania nanocomposites at room temperature was investigated in the presence of the am … . Such materials could be potentially useful for the development of improved gas sensor devices and optical devices.

[Research progress of artificial vision].

The development of artificial vision systems offers the potential to restore vision for patients with severe visual impairments or blindness. This review provides an overview of the current advancements in artificial vision technologies, focusing on retinal prostheses, optic nerve prostheses, cortical prostheses, and other emerging devices. Retinal prostheses are categorized into epiretinal devices, subretinal devices, and suprachoroidal implants, which work by electrically stimulating the retina or adjacent tissues to partially restore visual function. Optic nerve prostheses target the optic

Optical Anisotropy and Polarization Selectivity in WS2/CrSBr Heterostructure for Multifunctional All-Optical Logic Gates.

All-optical nanoscale logic components are regarded as fundamental building blocks of optical computing, enabling logic functions to be executed quickly and effectively avoiding thermal effects and signal crosstalk problems. Consequently, nanoscale all-optical computing is technologically forward-looking, but its realization necessitates the development of a multifunctional logic unit library. Here we construct a WS2/CrSBr heterostructure network to break the rotational symmetry of WS2, achieving a photoluminescence (PL) anisotropy ratio of 2.2. The twist angle of WS2/CrSBr has been further pr

Molecular-Orientation Engineering Photonic Spin Textures Rotation in Organic Crystal Microcavities.

Exciton polaritons, as bosonic quasi-particles with both photon and exciton properties, provide an excellent platform for investigating novel physical effects of optical spin-orbit coupling (SOC). However, the intrinsic correlation between exciton polaritons and the spin textures evolution of the SOC lacks an intuitive explanation. Here, we demonstrate the spin textures rotation of optical SOC through the interaction of exciton and photons in organic crystal-filled microcavities with different molecular orientations. The spin textures exhibit an antisymmetric spatial distribution of left- and

Vertically Stacked Boron Nitride/Graphene Heterostructure for Tunable Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fiber.

Incorporating atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials with optical fibers expands their potential for optoelectronic applications. Recent advancements in chemical vapor deposition have enabled the batch production of these hybrid fibers, paving the way for practical implementation. However, their functionality remains constrained by the integration of a single 2D material, restricting their versatile performance. Here, we introduce a boron nitride/graphene (BN/Gr) heterostructure in the antiresonant hollow-core fiber (ARF) to modulate its optical resonance and thus enhance graphene nonl

Recent advances in Ti3C2T x MXenes for photonic applications.

In recent years, Ti3C2T x MXenes have emerged as highly promising materials due to their unique physicochemical properties, including mechan … s suggest strong potential for scalable integration into photonic technologies, including nonlinear optical devices, transparent conductive electrodes, photovoltaics, and plasmonic systems, although challenges related to stability and interface control persist.

Bridging the scalability gap in van der Waals light guiding with high refractive index MoTe2.

van der Waals transition metal dichalcogenides, distinguished by a high refractive index and giant optical anisotropy, are promising materials for integrated photonic devices. However, their superior optical properties are nowadays limited to exfoliated samples with only a micrometer scale, whereas industrial integration requires at least cm-scale dimensions. Here, we resolve this problem for MoTe2 by demonstrating that chemical vapor deposition synthesis can provide an identical optical response to the benchmark exfoliated samples in a broad spectral range (250-5,000 nm). It allows us to show

Tracking Thermal Transport in Colloidal Quantum Dot Films Using in Situ Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction.

Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) and their thin films are increasingly used in electronic and photonic devices replacing traditional bulk semiconductors. However, thermal properties of QDs remain underexplored relative to device development efforts. This study shows the use of time-resolved X-ray diffraction as a contact-free method to probe the thermal response of QDs in environments representative of the active layer in QD optoelectronic devices, providing in situ insights for future thermal management strategies. Through the extraction of Debye-Waller factors on a subnanosecond time scale, we d

Anchoring-Induced Interfacial Stabilization in Triphenylamine-Based Electrochromic Polymers.

Interfacial instability between electrochromic polymers and transparent conductive electrodes remains a major challenge for achieving durable electrochromic devices. Herein, two triphenylamine-fluorene conjugated polymers, TFPA and TFPACA, are synthesized by incorporating phosphonic acid or dual phosphonic acid/carboxylic acid anchoring groups into the polymers. This anchoring strategy strengthens polymer/ITO interfacial interactions, enhances film adhesion, suppresses interfacial defects, and promotes more uniform charge injection and extraction during electrochemical operation. Both polymers

Optical Responses From Zero Optical-Path-Length Object.

Optical path length (OPL) is a key concept that determines elementary and advanced optical effects from classical optical components to cutting-edge nanophotonic devices. In this paper, we treat objects with their physical and OPL thickness simultaneously vanishing and show that such objects in principle can produce remarkably strong optical effects under certain conditions associated with dipole-preserving compression of an ordinary three-dimensional medium. Such two-dimensional (2D) sheets essentially produce elementary optical responses of reflection, diffraction, and localization in the sa

Scheme for generation of three-photon entangled W state assisted by cross-Kerr nonlinearity and quantum dot.

We represent an optical scheme using cross-Kerr nonlinearities (XKNLs) and quantum dot (QD) within a single-sided optical cavity (QD-cavity system) to generate three-photon entangled W state containing entanglement against loss of one photon of them. To generate W state (three-photon) with robust entanglement against loss of one photon, we utilize effects of optical nonlinearities in XKNLs (as quantum controlled operations) and QD-cavity system (as a parity operation) with linearly optical devices. In our scheme, the nonlinear (XKNL) gate consists of weak XKNLs, quantum bus beams, and photon-n…

Свет в диагностике, терапии и хирургии.

Легкие и оптические методы оказывают глубокое воздействие на современную медицину, и в настоящее время в клинической практике используются многочисленные лазеры и оптические устройства для оценки состояния здоровья и лечения заболеваний. Последние достижения в области биомедицинской оптики позволили использовать все более сложные технологии, в частности технологии, которые объединяют фотонику с нанотехнологией, биоматериалами и генной инженерией. В настоящем Обзоре мы вновь обращаемся к основам взаимодействия легкой материи, описываем применение света в визуализации, диагностике, терапии и хир

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Light and optical techniques have made profound impacts on modern medicine, with numerous lasers and optical devices being currently used in clinical practice to assess health and treat disease. Recent advances in biomedical optics have enabled increasingly sophisticated technologies - in particular those that integrate photonics with nanotechnology, biomate…

Amplitude- and Phase-Programmable Dual-Color Photonic Chip for High-Contrast Structured Illumination Microscopy.

Advanced optical microscopy techniques, such as structured illumination microscopy (SIM), often rely on precise and complex illumination setups, which can be challenging to implement and maintain. Integrated optics can offer compact, stable, and easy-to-align alternatives, enabling efficient light manipulation for advanced imaging applications. We present an integrated photonic device that generates structured illumination patterns directly within an optical microscope. The device incorporates optical waveguides in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer configuration, generating two separate coherent p

Coordination-Induced Amplification of Birefringence and Nonlinear Optical Response in a Chiral Metal-Organic Framework.

Crystalline materials exhibiting programmable optical anisotropy are of great interest for advanced photonic applications but remain challenging. In this study, we introduce a coordination-driven approach that significantly enhances optical anisotropy by transforming a loosely packed molecular crystal (crystal-1) into a chiral metal-organic framework (MOF) (crystal-2). This structural transformation leads to a more than 20-fold increase in birefringence (Δn = 0.226 at 546 nm) and activates a measurable second-harmonic generation (SHG) activity. First-principles calculations suggest that the ob