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Periodontal tissue engineering after tooth replantation.

BACKGROUND: Blood-derived products, platelet-poor plasma (PPP) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP), constitute an approach in the enhancement of tissue healing. PRP has also been used as a scaffold for bone marrow stem cells in tissue engineering. This study evaluates the effect of PPP, calcium chloride-activated PRP (PRP/Ca), calcium chloride- and thrombin-activated PRP (PRP/Thr/Ca), and bone marrow mononuclear cells and PRP/Ca (BMMCs/PRP/Ca) on the healing of replanted dog teeth. METHODS: After 30 minutes of extraction, teeth were replanted with 1) no material (control); 2) PPP; 3) PRP/Ca; 4) PR

A 4-year evaluation of the peri-implant parameters of immediately loaded implants placed in fresh extraction sockets.

BACKGROUND: The present study considers the correlation between the meaning of keratinized mucosa (KM) and the long-term maintenance of endosseous root-form dental implants placed in fresh sockets and immediately loaded. METHODS: Twenty-nine patients requiring extractions of ≥2 teeth in the maxilla and mandible were selected. One-hundred thirty-two maxillary and 32 mandibular teeth, in the incisor, canine, and premolar regions, were extracted. Implants were positioned in fresh sockets and immediately loaded. Based on the amounts of KM, implants were categorized as follows: KM ≥2 mm (group A)

Growth factors/cytokines/defensins and apoptosis in periodontal pathologies.

UNLABELLED: In the recent past there has been an increased emphasis on morphogenetic tissue research of periodontal tissues. The aim of this study was to find qualitative and quantitative correlations in distribution and appearance of growth factors/cytokines/defensins and apoptosis in periodontal pathologies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Tissue was obtained from 5 controls and 6 chronical periodontitis patients 30-50 years of age referred to Latvian Institute of Stomatology. Histological investigations were performed at the Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology of Riga Stradins University. RESULTS

Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (sTREM-1) in gingival crevicular fluid: association with clinical and microbiologic parameters.

BACKGROUND: Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (sTREM-1) belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and is involved in amplification of the inflammatory response to bacterial infection. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the levels of sTREM-1 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of individuals without periodontitis and with chronic periodontitis (CP) or generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) and their association with the levels of key periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaque. METHODS: GCF and subgingival plaque samples were obtained from healthy sites o

Correlations between pentraxin 3 or cytokine levels in gingival crevicular fluid and clinical parameters of chronic periodontitis.

The gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) contains various biomarkers, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-10, among others. These cytokines have been reported to correlate with gingival inflammation and periodontal status. Therefore, the analysis of GCF may be useful for the diagnosis of periodontal status. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is the first identified long pentraxin, and is released by several cell types in response to proinflammatory signals. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-10 and PTX3 in GCF from diseased

Short-term periodontal and microbiological changes following orthognathic surgery.

OBJECTIVE: Aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of orthognathic surgery on the development of periodontal and microbiological changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen consecutively treated patients with a mean age of 24.9±7.7 years receiving orthognathic surgery were included in the present study. Plaque index (PI) and concentrations of 11 periodonto-pathogenic bacteria were recorded one day prior to surgery (t(0)) and one week (t(1)) and six weeks (t(2)) post-surgery. In addition, a complete periodontal examination including pocket probing depth (PPD), gingival recession (GR

Immediate positioning of a definitive abutment versus repeated abutment replacements in post-extractive implants: 3-year follow-up of a randomised multicentre clinical trial.

PURPOSE: The aim of this randomised clinical trial was to evaluate the influence of restoration on marginal bone loss (MBL) using immediately definitive abutments (one abutment–one time concept) versus provisional abutments later replaced by definitive abutments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In three private clinics, 32 patients with 32 hopeless maxillary premolars were selected for post-extractive implant-supported immediate restoration and randomised to provisional abutment (PA) and definitive abutment (DA) groups, 16 sites in each group. After tooth extraction, 7 patients had to be excluded for

The interplay of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and cytokines in periodontal health and disease.

AIM: Periodontal pathogenesis is characterized by Gram-negative bacteria activation of series of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines from host cells through the pathway of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS-binding protein (LBP) and CD14. The present study investigated the expression profiles of interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-10 in periodontal health and disease, and examined the effects of Escherichia coli LPS and LBP interaction on the expression of IL-1beta and IL-10 by human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Gingival biopsies were collected from 44 subjects with chronic periodo

Tannerella forsythia and the HLA-DQB1 allele are associated with susceptibility to periodontal disease in Japanese adolescents.

Periodontal disease is a multiple factor disease caused by genetic factors, environmental factors, and periodontal bacteria (periodontal pathogens). The present study aimed to elucidate the risk factors for periodontal disease in Japanese adolescents. Subjects (11-16 years old) were classified into three groups: localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP), periodontal attachment loss (PAL), and periodontally healthy (PH) groups. Genomic DNA isolated from the buccal mucosa was used for single-nucleotide polymorphism analyses of the candidate genes (interleukin-1alpha-889; interleukin-1alpha +4845;

Neurotrophins in cultured cells from periodontal tissues.

We review the basic functions of neurotrophins and their receptors and discuss the expression and functions of neurotrophins and their specific receptors based on recent data using cultured cells from human periodontal tissues. Neurotrophins, nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) play crucial roles in the differentiation and survival of neural cells. Neurotrophins activate 2 different receptor classes: the tropomyosin-related kinase (Trk) family of receptor tyrosine kinases (TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC) and the p75 receptor, a member of the tum

The Bloody Crossroads: Interactions between Periodontitis and Hematologic Diseases.

Periodontitis is a common oral condition that can have a significant impact on the overall health of the body. In recent years, attention has been paid to potential relationships between periodontitis and various hematological disorders. This publication aims to present information available in the literature on this relationship, focusing on examples of red blood cell disorders (such as aplastic anemia and sickle cell anemia) and white blood cell disorders (such as cyclic neutropenia, maladaptive trained immunity, clonal hematopoiesis, leukemia, and multiple myeloma). Understanding these asso

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… Introduction Periodontitis is described as a clinical condition characterized by chronic inflammation of the periodontium, which may result in the loss of periodontal ligaments and damage to the alveolar bone. … Bacteria inhabiting the periodontium can also penetrate the periodontal tissue through a damaged epithelium and cause a systemic inflammatory reaction [ 5 ]. …

Oral Complications in Cancer Patients-Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ).

Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ) was first reported in 2003. Despite the progress in the understanding of this oral complication in cancer patients for the past 18 years, there is still discussion about the best way to define MRONJ, prevent the complication, how to diagnose, and the options of treatment available. The initial reports associated MRONJ to bisphosphonates and denosumab, medications that work as bone-modifying agents. Later, other agents such as the antiangiogenics, have also been reported to cause the oral complication, either alone or in combination with antir

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… The current evidence is that MRONJ is a multifactorial complication resulting from the effect of antiresorptive drugs-inhibiting osteoclasts and altering the bone remodeling system [ 22 ], the presence of dental infection both in the periodontium and the periapical areas [ 23 , 24 ], chronic inflammation … A complete evaluation of teeth, periodontium and radiographic examination should be done. The dentist should perform dental extractions of hopeless teeth, scaling and root planning, dental restorations, and implement good oral hygiene. …

Female sex as an independent prognostic factor in the development of oral mucositis during autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation.

Oral mucositis (OM) is a frequent complication of stem cell transplantation-associated toxicity in haematological malignancies, contributing to mortality. Therapy still remains mainly supportive. We assessed risk factors in retrospective analysis of 192 autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation patients with lymphoma and multiple myeloma (MM), respectively. Futhermore, we examined the hormone levels both in serum and saliva during transplantation in 7 postmenopausal female patients with lymphoma compared to healthy controls using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). Multivariabl

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… Periodontium and oral microbiome The increased sensitivity of periodontal tissues to sex hormones has been widely investigated. Estrogen increases epithelial keratinization, stimulates proliferation of fibroblasts and epithelial basal cells in the gingiva 27 , 35 . … Mariotti A Sex steroid hormones and cell dynamics in the periodontium Crit. Rev. Oral Biol. Med. 1994 5 27 53 7999949 10.1177/10454411940050010201 36. …

Bisphosphonate induced osteonecrosis of jaw in breast cancer patients: A systematic review.

BackgroundBisphosphonate therapy is widely used for the treatment of bone metastasis in breast cancer patients.AimThe aim of this study is to estimate the overall prevalence of bisphosphonate induced osteonecrosis of jaw (BONJ) in breast cancer patients with bone metastasis.Materials and methodsA literature review was conducted to search and evaluate all the articles that contained original data on the prevalence of BONJ in breast cancer patients from the year 2003-2009. Pubmed search terms used were bisphosphonate, osteonecrosis, breast cancer and jaw. Eleven publications that fulfilled the i

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… The forces of mastication and periodontal ligament around numerous teeth ensure rapid bone turnover around the periodontium and can induce microfractures in bisphosphonate-induced acellular and avascular bone. … treated for 4-12 months to 7.7% when treated for 37-48 months.[ 7 ] The synergistic effect of the combination of bisphosphonate-induced stress of bone marrow stromal cells, chemotherapy, cancer-related co-morbid factor, reduced vascularity, bone microfractures and tracking or oral microbes through the periodontium …

Frequency of periodontal pathogens in equivalent peri-implant and periodontal clinical statuses.

OBJECTIVES: This study tested the hypotheses that there is: (1) higher bacterial frequency in peri-implantitis/periodontitis, followed by mucositis/gingivitis and peri-implant/periodontal health; (2) similar bacterial frequency between comparable peri-implant and periodontal clinical statuses. DESIGN OF STUDY: The presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Campylobacter rectus, Prevotella intermedia, Treponema denticola and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was evaluated in peri-implant (n=53) and periodontal (n=53) health; mucositis (n=50), gingivitis (n=50), peri-implan

Pulp survival and hard tissue formation subsequent to dental trauma. A clinical and histological study of uncomplicated crown fractures and luxation injuries.

Traumatic injuries in children and adolescents are a common problem, and the prevalence of such injuries has increased over the last 10-20 years. The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate long-term results following uncomplicated crown fractures and luxations involving subsequent pulp canal obliteration. A total of 198 patients with 488 injured permanent teeth were available for clinical examination (15 year follow-up), of which 102 also answered a questionnaire and were interviewed before oral examination. Further, 82 permanent incisors presenting with pulp canal obliteration (

Immediate and conventional single implant treatment in the anterior maxilla: 1-year results of a case series on hard and soft tissue response and aesthetics.

AIM: The main objective of this clinical study was to document midfacial soft tissue dynamics following single immediate implant treatment (IIT) and conventional implant treatment (CIT) in the anterior maxilla when performed by experienced clinicians in well-selected patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Appropriate bone volume and ideal soft tissue levels were considered requirements for implant therapy. Additional prerequisites for IIT were intact socket walls and a thick gingival biotype. CIT included standard flap elevation whereas IIT was either performed with a flap or flapless procedure. All

Gingival fibroblasts are better at inhibiting osteoclast formation than periodontal ligament fibroblasts.

Various studies indicate that periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PLF) have some similarities to osteoblasts, for example they have the capacity to induce the formation of osteoclast-like cells. Here, we investigated whether a second population of tooth-associated fibroblasts, gingival fibroblasts (GF), has similar osteoclastogenesis properties. PLF and GF were co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in the presence and absence of dexamethasone and 1alpha,25dihydroxycholecalciferol (dex + vit D(3)) on plastic and on cortical bone slices. Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TR

Periodontal tissue regeneration by combined applications of recombinant human osteogenic protein-1 and bone morphogenetic protein-2. A pilot study in Chacma baboons (Papio ursinus).

Native and recombinant human bone morphogenetic/osteogenic proteins (BMPs/ OPs) singly initiate bone induction in vivo. The finding of synchronous but spatially different BMPs/OPs expression during periodontal tissue morphogenesis suggests novel therapeutic approaches using morphogen combinations based on recapitulation of embryonic development. Twelve furcation defects prepared in the first and second mandibular molars of three adult baboons (Papio ursinus) were used to assess whether qualitative histological aspects of periodontal tissue regeneration could be enhanced and tissue morphogenesi

Enhancing athletic performance: the critical role of oral health in sports.

A COMMENTARY ON: Ferreira R O, Frazão D R, Ferreira M K M et al. Periodontal disease and sports performance: a systematic review and meta-an … at compared professional athletes with periodontal disease (the case group) to those with a healthy periodontium (the control group). The studies included in the review were required to focus on the effects of periodontal disease on sports performance, with no restrictions on the type of sport. Specifically, the researchers developed a PECO statement and condu …