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Cyclophosphamide induced cystitis: role of nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-1 and 2, and NK(1) receptors.

PURPOSE: The role of substance P, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 on the pathogenesis of cyclophosphamide induced cystitis was investigated in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sprague-Dawley male rats received 1 of certain treatments, including 1) 0.9 weight per volume saline (0.10 ml/100 gm intraperitoneally), 2) cyclophosphamide (75 mg/kg intraperitoneally), 3) cyclophosphamide plus the NK(1) receptor antagonist Win-51.708 (20 mg/kg intraperitoneally), 4) cyclophosphamide plus the inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor S-methylthiourea (20 mg/kg intraperitoneally)…

A prospective, single-blind, randomized crossover trial of sacral vs pudendal nerve stimulation for interstitial cystitis.

OBJECTIVE: To compare sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) with pudendal nerve stimulation (PNS) for interstitial cystitis (IC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-two patients with well-documented, refractory IC had a tined lead placed at S3 and a second electrode implanted at the pudendal nerve via a posterior approach. In a blinded, randomized design, each lead was tested for 7 days. The best lead was implanted to a pulse generator and patients were followed at 1, 3 and 6 months. RESULTS: The time required to place a sacral lead was 27.4 min, and a pudendal lead 19.6 min (P = 0.039). Of the 22 patien…

Bilateral emphysematous pyelonephritis and emphysematous cystitis with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease: is conservative management justified?

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of bilateral emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) and emphysematous cystitis in a 64-year-old diabetic male with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). CASE PRESENTATION AND INTERVENTION: A 64-year-old diabetic male presented with worsening of renal function and fluid overload. Diagnosis was confirmed by computerized tomography (CT scan) and conservative management with broad-spectrum antibiotics was instituted. There was good clinical response and repeated CT scan showed complete resolution. CONCLUSION: This case shows that conservative management is…

papG alleles of Escherichia coli strains causing first-episode or recurrent acute cystitis in adult women.

The distribution of the three alleles of the P adhesin gene papG (classes I-III) was assessed among 74 Escherichia coli urine isolates from women with first-episode or recurrent cystitis, and papG genotype was compared with clinical origin, O serogroup, agglutination of Gal(alpha1-4)Gal-coated latex beads and human or sheep erythrocytes, and hemolysin production. The class-III-only papG genotype (27% of strains) predominated over the I + III (3%) and II-only (7%) genotypes, irrespective of clinical category. In contrast to the class II papG allele, the class III allele was significantly concen…

Phenotyping Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome: Clinical and Mechanistic Evidence, Candidate Biomarkers, and Implications for Management.

Interstitial cystitis and bladder pain syndrome are clinically overlapping conditions that should be distinguished according to Hunner lesion status. IC with Hunner lesions is a distinct inflammatory bladder disease characterized by urothelial denudation, lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, adaptive immune activation, and progressive structural impairment. The intensity and distribution of these inflammatory and structural abnormalities may vary among patients with IC, but the underlying pathological pattern is comparatively coherent. BPS without Hunner lesions is substantially more heterogeneous.…

Association of CYP2C19 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism With Hemorrhagic Cystitis After Pediatric Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) can potentially cure various hematologic disorders. However, transplant-related complications, including hemorrhagic cystitis (HC), remain major causes of adverse outcomes and decreased survival. This study examines the associations of HC with pharmacogenetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and clinical characteristics. METHODS: This retrospective study included 259 pediatric patients who underwent allo-HSCT. HC was predefined as the primary endpoint, and other major complications were analyzed as secondary expl…

Triamcinolone acetonide nanoparticles ameliorate interstitial cystitis and anxiety/depression by targeting the bladder-metabolic-brain axis.

Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a refractory bladder disorder for which there are limited therapeutic options due to poorly defined pathogenic mechanisms and suboptimal drug delivery. In addition to bladder pain and urinary dysfunction, patients frequently develop comorbid anxiety and depression. Using metabolomics, we identified D-gulono-1,4-lactone as a pivotal metabolic mediator linking bladder inflammation to neuropsychiatric comorbidities in a cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced IC mouse model. To target IC, we developed cRGD-functionalized, triamcinolone acetonide (TA)-loaded, pH/ROS dual-respo…

Targeting CCR1-mediated macrophage phenotypic switching to alleviate bladder pain and urinary dysfunction in interstitial cystitis.

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic inflammatory condition with limited treatments. Although macrophages are implicated in its pathogenesis, the mechanisms driving their phenotypic switching remain unclear. This study identifies CCR1's role in IC/BPS and evaluates CCR1 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy. Integrated bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing reveal enrichment of pro-inflammatory CCR1⁺ macrophages in bladder tissue from patients with IC/BPS. In a lipopolysaccharide-induced rat model, pharmacological inhibition of CCR1 suppresses M1 polarization, promotes…

Causal association analysis between 731 immune cells and cystitis: A 2-sample, bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

The causal relationship between certain immune cells and cystitis remains uncertain. This study utilized genome-wide association studies and Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationships between 731 immune cells and cystitis. In this study, we identified genetic instruments for 731 immune cells using genome-wide association studies and obtained cystitis data from the UK Biobank database. We then conducted bidirectional MR analyses to explore the potential causal relationships between these immune cells and cystitis, primarily employing the inverse-variance weighted metho…

Factors Associated With Hematuria Resolution and Hematuria Admissions After Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Chronic Radiation Cystitis.

INTRODUCTION: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO2) reduces chronic radiation cystitis (RC) bladder bleeding events; however, the time course of hematuria resolution and frequency of post-treatment admission are not well understood. METHODS: We performed a review of prospectively collected data on patients who received at least 30 HBO2 sessions for RC associated with gross hematuria at our center. The primary outcome was time to short-term point of care urine hematuria resolution. The secondary outcomes included rates of readmission for hematuria management pre HBO2 and post HBO2 completion and pa…

Comprehensive Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Clinical-Grade hESC-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Interstitial Cystitis.

Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MMSCs) offer therapeutic potential for interstitial cystitis (IC); however, safety concerns, such as tumorigenicity from residual undifferentiated hESCs, must be thoroughly addressed. To address these concerns, we conducted comprehensive in vitro and in vivo safety assessments of clinical-grade MMSCs. Flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, and/or RNA sequencing confirmed the absence of pluripotency markers, including OCT3/4, TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, and NANOG, in MMSCs. In good laboratory practice (GLP)-compliant studies, BALB/c-nu/nu i…

Serum 17β-Estradiol Concentrations in Women With Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome: A Retrospective Observational Study.

INTRODUCTION: Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a long-lasting, sterile inflammatory disease affecting the lower urinary tract, marked by pelvic pain, urgency, and nighttime urination (nocturia). The marked female predominance of IC/BPS has prompted interest in the potential role of endocrine factors in disease susceptibility and symptom variability. However, the relationship between circulating estrogen concentrations and IC/BPS remains incompletely understood, and clinical evidence has been inconsistent. This study aimed to characterize the baseline distribution of seru…

Non-bacterial cystitis following treatment with toripalimab for alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric adenocarcinoma: a case report.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the management of gastric cancer; however, they can lead to rare immune-related adverse events (irAEs) affecting the urinary system. Herein, we report a case of non-bacterial cystitis complicated by acute kidney injury (AKI) in a 59-year-old male patient with Alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric carcinoma (AFP-GC). Following treatment with toripalimab combined with SOX chemotherapy, the patient developed urinary tract irritation symptoms, gross hematuria, and stage II AKI. Cystoscopy revealed diffuse mucosal hemorrhage, and biopsy demonstr…

Etiology of Hunner Lesions: Linking Immune Dysregulation and Chronic Inflammation in Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome.

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Hunner lesions (HL) are distinctive ulcerative bladder lesions characterized by a central scar and surrounding erythema. Traditionally, HL has been used as a clinical diagnostic tool for a subset of patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS); however, emerging evidence supports a unique pathophysiology for IC/BPS with HL (HIC) that is distinct from IC/BPS without HL (NHIC). This review is aimed at synthesizing current literature on the etiology of HL/HIC and evaluate whether HIC and NHIC warrant classification as separate clinical conditions…

Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome (IC/BPS) Diagnosis: Current Limitations and a Pragmatic Clinical Diagnostic Definition.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a consensus on diagnostic criteria for interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A subcommittee was identified based on expertise in IC/BPS diagnostic criteria. An outline was generated and iteratively modified until it was found to be acceptable by subcommittee members as the basis for manuscript generation. The manuscript was presented and revised in two iterations according to feedback from international key opinion leaders at the Global Consensus on IC/BPS and the AUA Annual Meeting, respectively. RESULTS: The patient history and p…

Treatment Outcomes of Patients With Hunner Interstitial Cystitis Who Received Augmentation Enterocystoplasty or Bladder-Preserving Therapy.

PURPOSE: To investigate the long-term therapeutic satisfaction after augmentation enterocystoplasty (AE) or non-AE bladder therapy in patients with Hunner interstitial cystitis (HIC). METHODS: From 2013 to 2024, patients with cystoscopically confirmed HIC who received AE or non-AE bladder-preserving therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Treatment outcomes were analyzed using the subjective global assessment response, symptoms, and urodynamic parameters. The patients' symptoms and urodynamic parameters were compared between AE and non-AE groups from baseline to follow-up endpoint. RESULTS: A…

Причинная роль общих аутоиммунных заболеваний в межститиальном цистите/болезнечном синдроме пузырьков: исследование менделианского случайного заболевания (MR).

Результаты наблюдений свидетельствуют о том, что на показатели межститиального цитита/болезненного синдрома пузырей (IC/BPS) могут влиять аутоиммунные заболевания (AID), хотя причинно-следственные связи трудно определить на основе данных наблюдений из-за риска остаточного смешения. Мы использовали менделианскую случайность (MR) для изучения причинно-следственной связи нескольких AID на IC/BPS. Наша двунаправленная two- анализ МОР был основан на обобщенных статистических данных, полученных в ходе самых последних всеобъемлющих исследований, касающихся всего генома. Этот конкретный подход был исп

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Observational studies suggest that interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) indices might be influenced by autoimmune diseases (AIDs), though it is difficult to infer causal relationships based on observational data due to risk of residual confounding. We utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore causal relevance of multiple AIDs on IC/BPS…

Korean urobiome platform (KUROM) study for acute uncomplicated sporadic versus recurrent cystitis in women: Clinical significance.

PURPOSE: To investigate urine microbiome differences among healthy women, women with recurrent uncomplicated cystitis (rUC), and those with sporadic/single uncomplicated cystitis (sUC) to challenge traditional beliefs about origins of these infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent both conventional urine culture and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of urine were retrospectively reviewed. Symptom-free women with normal urinalysis results as a control group were also studied. Samples were collected via transurethral catheterization. RESULTS: In the control group, urine microbi…

Emodin suppresses mast cell migration via modulating the JAK2/STAT3/JMJD3/CXCR3 signaling to prevent cystitis.

AIMS: This study aimed to determine the preventive effects of emodin on cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cystitis and to explore the molecular mechanism. METHODS: In vivo, mice were modeled by CYP. Before a half hour of CYP treatment, Jumonji domain-containing protein-3 (JMJD3) inhibitors (GSK-J4) and emodin were used to treat CYP model mice. Bladder samples were stained for hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue. Next, JMJD3 was quantified by immunofluorescence staining, RT-PCR, and Western blot. CXCR3 was quantified by Western blot and ELISA. In vitro, before stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (L…

BK virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis in pediatric stem cell transplantation: a case report and scoping review.

INTRODUCTION: BK virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis (BK-HC) is a debilitating and poorly understood complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Hematuria, dysuria, and other symptoms associated with BK-HC are common in the immediate post-SCT period, making BK-HC difficult to distinguish from other conditions presenting with these symptoms. Despite published criteria for diagnosis, the degree to which these criteria are consistently applied to either clinical diagnosis or to studies informing BK-HC management is unclear. We present a case of BK-HC in a pediatric SCT recipi…