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Clinicopathological characteristics and therapeutic outcomes in thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas: a single-center study of 90 cases.

OBJECT: The aim of this study was to analyze clinicopathological characteristics and treatment outcomes in a large single-center clinical se … ients (23%). In 67 cases (74%), the tumors were firm elastic or hard in consistency. Acromegaly and hyperprolactinemia were observed, respectively, in 14 (16%) and 11 (12%) of the 90 cases. Euthyroidism was achieved in 40 (83%) of 48 patients and tumor shrinkage was found in 24 (55%) of 44 patients following preoperative somatostatin analog treatment. Conventional t …

Interleukin-8 in the blood serum of patients with alcoholic liver disease.

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a serine proteases produced by prostatic epithelial cells detectable in male serum and seminal plasma. PS … ssed. No patient or control had been given estrogen or antiandrogen drugs; no acromegalic women had hyperprolactinemia or hypopituitarism. Serum PSA concentration was significantly higher in acromegalic patients than in control subjects (p < 0.0001). Patients with active acromegaly or under somatostatin analogs therapy had significant higher serum PSA concentration …

Changes in prolactin levels and sexual function in young psychotic patients after switching from long-acting injectable risperidone to paliperidone palmitate.

Hyperprolactinaemia is a significant side effect of antipsychotic medications and may cause sexual dysfunction. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of switching from long-acting injectable (LAI) risperidone to paliperidone palmitate (PP) on sexual function and prolactin levels in patients with psychosis. We carried out a prospective observational study during a 3-month period that involved 11 patients with psychosis treated with risperidone-LAI who suffered from hyperprolactinaemia and who were then switched to PP. Two assessments were completed: the first one before the switch and t

A family with Camurati-Engelman disease. The role of the missense p.R218C mutation in TGFB1 in bones and endocrine glands.

OBJECTIVES: Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED) is a rare form of progressive bone dysplasia due to mutations in the transforming factor gene TGFB1 on chromosome 19q13.1-q13.3. Endocrine complications such as osteoporosis, vitamin D deficiency, delayed puberty and hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism may be present. METHODS AND RESULTS: Genetic analysis of the TGFB1 gene revealed a heterozygous missense mutation p.R218C in exon 4 of chromosome 19q13.1-q13.3 in a 14-year-old girl who presented with typical symptoms of CED, hyperprolactinaemia and menstrual irregularity. The patient responded well to pr

Clinical Outcome After Extended Endoscopic Endonasal Resection of Craniopharyngiomas: Two-Institution Experience.

BACKGROUND: The extended endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) to the anterior cranial base is used for the resection of craniopharyngiomas. OBJECTIVE: We present clinical experience and outcomes of using EEA for craniopharyngiomas. METHODS: A total of 116 patients in 2 remote institutions were enrolled in this retrospective study. Surgical, endocrinologic, and ophthalmologic outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 35 months (range, 1-115). Gross total resection (GTR), near total resection (NTR, >95%), and subtotal resection (STR) were achieved in 46%, 39%, and 15% of the pati

Levels of prolactin in relation to coagulation factors and risk of venous thrombosis. Results of a large population-based case-control study (MEGA-study).

The pituitary hormone prolactin is thought to influence coagulation. We aimed to study the relation between prolactin levels, coagulation factors and risk of venous thrombosis (VT). We used data from a large population based case-control study into aetiology of first VT (MEGA-study). Prolactin levels were determined in 2,068 patients with VT and 2,785 age- and sex matched control subjects. The relation between levels of coagulation factors and prolactin was studied among the controls. In addition, odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated for the risk of VT for diff

Outcomes following transsphenoidal surgical management of incidental pituitary adenomas: a series of 52 patients over a 17-year period.

OBJECTIVE: Incidental pituitary adenomas (IPAs) are commonly discovered during cranial imaging evaluations obtained for unrelated indication … endocrine function was normal in 69% of patients, which includes 3 patients (5.8%) having isolated hyperprolactinemia consistent with a stalk effect without other hormonal dysfunction. The average maximal tumor diameter was 20.9 mm (8-50 mm; data available in 35 patients). The most common primary indication for surgery was compression of the chiasm or vision loss ( …

Menstrual irregularity in women with acromegaly.

Menstrual irregularity is common in women with acromegaly, occurring in 40-84%. Although it has been attributed to gonadotropin deficiency a … ibute to the menstrual disturbance seen in acromegaly in addition to any gonadotropin deficiency or hyperprolactinemia and may account for hirsutism in the presence of normal testosterone levels.

Первичные опухоли центральной нервной системы у пациентов с множественным склерозом.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое нервное расстройство, которое может вызывать клинические и радиологические особенности, неотличимые от опухоли центральной нервной системы (КНС). Предыдущие исследования свидетельствуют о том, что, хотя пациенты с MS имеют более низкий общий риск заболевания раком, у них может возникнуть повышенный риск возникновения недугов CNS. МЕТОДЫ: В ходе этого перекрестного исследования мы изучили распространенность опухолей CNS у пациентов с MS с использованием данных из реестра клиник Isfahan MS между 2020 и 2023 , у которых был диагностирован первичный опухоль

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… Possible role for prolactin, an endocrine neuronal peptide with strong immune system properties, has been suggested in MS and disease attacks induced by hyperprolactinemia have been reported. … On the one hand, prolactin has potent immunomodulatory properties, with mild hyperprolactinemia leading to increased risk of autoimmune diseases, including MS. …

[Therapy with cytokines and thymic factors in a complicated case of common variable immunodeficiency].

A case with common variable immunodeficiency associated to hyperprolactinaemia and severe damage of mucosal defenses is reported, in which humoral and cellular response was widely explored. The impact of the cytokines therapy was analyzed as complementary schedule to the conventional therapy with gammaglobuline. Immune response to the treatment was long-time evaluated in relation with therapeutic interventions. Combination of alpha 2 b-IFN, thymic factors, gammaglobuline and GM-CSF was a good alternative to treat complicated common variable immunodeficiency.

[Non-structural abnormalities of CNS function resulting in coincidence of endocrinopathies, epilepsy and psychoneurologic disorders in children and adolescents].

BACKGROUND: In the population of children and adolescents, epilepsy affects approximately 1% of cases, nonepileptic seizures are seen in app … s growth disorders, disorders of pubertal development, obesity, thyroid diseases, adrenal diseases, hyperprolactinemia, hypoparathyroidism and ion metabolism disorders were diagnosed in 49 patients. The group included: i) children after cranial irradiation and chemotherapy due to medulloblastoma (3 patients), oligodenroglioma (1 patient), ependymoma (1 patient), opt …

[Two cases of schizophrenia presenting with 'solar experience': the 'polysolar experience' and its progression].

The 'solar experience' as an abnormal experience of schizophrenia in which patients directly experience the sun itself was first described b … r second marriage. She hoped that having a baby would solve these problems, but neuroleptic-induced hyperprolactinemia made her infertile. She stopped taking the neuroleptics and had delusions, including that she was loved by the Crown Prince of Japan and that they would be married, and that her husband was an imposter and assassin. During a 4-month period of hospit …

Obesity and related metabolic abnormalities during antipsychotic drug administration: mechanisms, management and research perspectives.

Excessive body weight gain (BWG) is a common side effect of some typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs (APs). Convergent evidence suggest … tion with the brain monoaminergic and cholinergic systems and to the metabolic/endocrine effects of hyperprolactinemia. Subjects with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders manifested a significantly high prevalence of diabetes, even before the introduction of atypical APs. However, clozapine and olanzapine appear to display a high propensity to induce glucose dysregul …

Pituitary prolactin-secreting tumor formation: recent developments.

Prolactinoma is the most common type of primary pituitary tumors. It occurs more frequently in women than in men. Dopaminergic agonists are … tide, and adrenocorticotropic hormone) results in some of the pathological changes that may lead to hyperprolactinemia and/or prolactinoma development. Dysregulation of prolactin synthesis and secretion may be the result of prolactin gene modulation. In E(2)-induced rat prolactinomas, prolactin mRNA contents and the expression of some proto-oncogenes, e.g. c-myc and …

Maternal exposure to atrazine during lactation suppresses suckling-induced prolactin release and results in prostatitis in the adult offspring.

The availability of prolactin (PRL) to the neonatal brain is known to affect the development of the tuberoinfundibular (TIDA) neurons and, as a consequence, lead to alterations in subsequent PRL regulation. Without early lactational exposure to PRL (derived from the dam's milk), TIDA neuronal growth is impaired and elevated PRL levels are present in the prepubertal male. These observations, combined with the finding that alterations in PRL secretion (i.e., hyperprolactinemia) in the adult male rat have been implicated in the development of prostatitis, led us to hypothesize that early lactatio…

Endocrine screening in 1,022 men with erectile dysfunction: clinical significance and cost-effective strategy.

PURPOSE: We reviewed the results of serum testosterone and prolactin determination in 1,022 patients referred because of erectile dysfunctio … ed of testosterone heptylate or human chorionic gonadotropin for hypogonadism and bromocriptine for hyperprolactinemia. RESULTS: Testosterone was less than 3 ng./ml. in 107 patients but normal in 40% at repeat determination. The prevalence of repeatedly low testosterone increased with age (4% before age 50 years and 9% 50 years or older). Two pituitary tumors were …

Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type, with features simulating POEMS syndrome.

A 91-year-old woman presented with a rapidly proliferative cutaneous lesion on the left lower limb, which was identified as a primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PCLBCL), leg type, on biopsy. The patient also showed complications of hepatomegaly, endocrinopathy, edema, skin change, and polyneuropathy without monoclonal plasma cell proliferative disorder, and was therefore diagnosed with POEMS-like syndrome owing to the lack of monoclonal plasma cell proliferative disorder. Levels of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were high with the lymphom

Surgery combined with dopamine agonists versus dopamine agonists alone in long-term treatment of macroprolactinoma: a retrospective study.

We retrospectively analysed the long-term treatment results (median 8 years) of 31 patients with macroprolactinoma. 17 patients were treated by pituitary surgery (group 1) followed by long-term dopamine agonist therapy whereas 14 patients received long-term dopamine agonist therapy alone (group 2). 2 patients of group 1 and 1 patient of group 2 had external pituitary irradiation because of progressive disease. The two groups were comparable with respect to age, gender and initial prolactin (PRL) levels. At the end of the observation period dopamine agonist dosage could be reduced by 50% in gro

The facial skeleton in patients with osteoporosis: a field for disease signs and treatment complications.

Osteoporosis affects all bones, including those of the facial skeleton. To date the facial bones have not drawn much attention due to the minimal probability of morbid fractures. Hearing and dentition loss due to osteoporosis has been reported. New research findings suggest that radiologic examination of the facial skeleton can be a cost-effective adjunct to complement the early diagnosis and the follow up of osteoporosis patients. Bone-mass preservation treatments have been associated with osteomyelitis of the jawbones, a condition commonly described as osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ). The fa

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… Prolactin affects calcium metabolism and pregnancy-induced hyperprolactinemia affects BMD. Long-term estrogen treatment in guinea pig results in hyperprolactinemia and has been reported to lead to hearing loss as well as bone dysmorphology of the otic capsule [ 28 ]. … Goulis DG Efficacy and safety of denosumab in postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis: a systematic review and a meta-analysis Hormone and Metabolic Research 2009 41 10 721 729 19536731 10.1055/s-0029-1224109 28 Horner KC Cazals Y Guieu R Lenoir M Sauze N Experimental estrogen-induced hyperprolactinemia …