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Incidence and Prognosis of Primary Gastrinomas in the Hepatobiliary Tract.

IMPORTANCE: Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) is a life-threatening disease caused by a malignant tumor that secretes gastrin (gastrinoma). G … (range, 289-2700 pg/mL). Each patient had positive results of a secretin test. None had evidence of multiple endocrine neoplasia 1. Four patients had primary tumors in the liver (1 in segment II, 2 in segment IV, and 1 in segment V); 3, in the bile duct (1 in the right hepatic duct, 1 in the left hepatic duct, and 1 in the common hepatic duct). Surgical resection required 1 r …

Analysis of proliferative activity of the parathyroid glands using proliferating cell nuclear antigen in patients with hyperparathyroidism.

To elucidate the cellular proliferative kinetics of the parathyroidal gland in patients with hyperparathyroidism, we investigated the expres … nts with primary hyperparathyroidism (19 cases of adenoma and 2 cases of primary hyperplasia due to multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1) and 129 parathyroid glands from 32 patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. An additional 40 parathyroid glands resected during thyroid surgery of 30 normocalcemic patients were used as normal controls. In normally functioning parathyroi …

Use of Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone in Minimally Invasive Parathyroidectomy for Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

IMPORTANCE: Intraoperative parathyroid hormone (ioPTH) is a surgical adjunct that has been increasingly used during minimally invasive parat … erest rate. Studies involving patients with secondary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism or those with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION: Two reviewers independently reviewed the literature according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines. Dichotomous variables were pooled as ORs whi …

[Pheochromocytoma--pathohistologic and immunohistochemical aspects].

INTRODUCTION: Pheochromocytoma originates in chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. Its incidence is similar in both sexes and most frequent between the ages of thirty and fifty. Multiple and bilateral pheochromocytomas constitute 5 to 10 percent of all cases. Pheochromocytoma occurs sporadically or is related to family syndromes such as: syndrome of multiple endocrine neoplasia--MEN IIA and IIB, neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen's disease), von Hippel-Lindau's disease, Sturge-Weber's syndrome, and tuberous sclerosis. Cases in a family usually occur at a younger age and are mostly bilate…

F18-Choline PET/CT or MIBI SPECT/CT in the Surgical Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Diagnostic Randomized Clinical Trial.

IMPORTANCE: Whether F18-choline (FCH) positron emission tomographic (PET)/computed tomographic (CT) scan can replace Tc99m-sestaMIBI (MIBI) … s with PHPT and an indication for surgical treatment. Patients with previous parathyroid surgery or multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) were ineligible. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive first-line FCH PET/CT (FCH1) or MIBI SPECT/CT (MIBI1). In the event of negative or inconclusive first-line imaging, they received second-line FCH PET/CT …

Primary hyperparathyroidism mimicking vaso-occlusive crises in sickle cell disease.

We report a case of bone pain associated with primary hyperparathyroidism in a patient with sickle cell disease. A 17-year-old girl with sic … t inferior parathyroid adenoma adjacent to the thyroid lobe. There was no evidence of an underlying multiple endocrine neoplasia. The patient was diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism. Fluid hydration, hydrocortisone, calcitonin, and bisphosphonates were initiated for acute hypercalcemia management before surgical excision of the left parathyroid adenoma. On review of pr …

Pheochromocytoma in children.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Etiopathogenesis, management, and outcome of pediatric pheochromocytoma (PHEO) still is obscure because of limited numbe … of PHEO accounted for 14 patients (88%), whereas 2 children had von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2b (MEN2b). Hypertension was the most common symptom followed by headache and sweating. The diagnosis of PHEO was made by laboratory and radiologic studies. Preoperative medical therapy was done in all patients. Laparotomy confirmed that 11 pat …

Gastric secretion in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Correlation with clinical expression, tumor extent and role in diagnosis--a prospective NIH study of 235 patients and a review of 984 cases in the literature.

We prospectively studied 235 patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) (205 without and 30 with prior acid-reducing surgery) and compared the results with 984 patients from 182 reports in the literature. The aims of the study were to evaluate the sensitivity of proposed acid secretory criteria for the diagnosis of ZES, propose new criteria, evaluate the variability and methodology of gastric secretory testing, and correlate the symptoms and signs of ZES, tumor extent, and primary tumor size and location with the degree of gastric acid hypersecretion. Multiple endocrine neoplasia-type 1 (M…

Pathology Competencies in Medical Education and Educational Cases: Update 2023.

Pathology is a core component of medical school curricula because understanding the pathogenesis of the disease is foundational both for diagnostic efficiency and optimal use of ancillary resources in patient care. The Pathology Competencies for Medical Education (PCME) were developed as a national resource of expectations of pathology knowledge for medical students. The PCME are composed of three competencies: disease mechanisms and processes, organ system pathology, and diagnostic pathology and therapeutic pathology. The learning goals and learning objectives of the PCME that were first publ

Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Signaling Pathways and Epigenetic Regulation.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) are characterized by dysregulated signaling pathways that are crucial for tumor formation and progression. The efficacy of traditional therapies is limited, particularly in the treatment of PNETs at an advanced stage. Epigenetic alterations profoundly impact the activity of signaling pathways in cancer development, offering potential opportunities for drug development. There is currently a lack of extensive research on epigenetic regulation in PNETs. To fill this gap, we first summarize major signaling events that are involved in PNET development. Then,

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… Germline mutations such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), von Hippel–Lindau syndrome (VHL), neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), and the occasionally tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) are the most identified PNET-associated mutations [ 12 , 13 ]. … Somatic mutations of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene in the sporadic endocrine tumors Lab. Investig. 1998 78 471 475 9564891 45. Lawrence B. Blenkiron C. Parker K. Tsai P. Fitzgerald S. Shields P. Robb T. Yeong M.L. Kramer N. James S. …

Obesity, inflammation, and cancer in dogs: Review and perspectives.

Obesity is the most common nutritional disease in dogs, and its prevalence has increased in recent decades. Several countries have demonstrated a prevalence of obesity in dogs similar to that observed in humans. Chronic low-grade inflammation is a prominent basis used to explain how obesity results in numerous negative health consequences. This is well known and understood, and recent studies have pointed to the association between obesity and predisposition to specific types of cancers and their complications. Such elucidations are important because, like obesity, the prevalence of cancer in

Cancer prevention programmes in Mexico: are we doing enough?

Cancer has increased in all the countries of the world and Mexico is no exception. The recognised risk factors for the main types of cancer are reviewed and searched through the Mexican government web pages and cancer prevention programmes to tackle the risk factors in the population. The Mexican government, a member of the World Health Organization, shows that the main approach is an early diagnosis rather than prevention, forgetting that an ounce of prevention is better than a pound of cure. Effective public programmes should be promoted to reduce preventable risk factors in the population (

Deep Learning Techniques to Characterize the RPS28P7 Pseudogene and the Metazoa-SRP Gene as Drug Potential Targets in Pancreatic Cancer Patients.

The molecular explanation about why some pancreatic cancer (PaCa) patients die early and others die later is poorly understood. This study aimed to discover potential novel markers and drug targets that could be useful to stratify and extend expected survival in prospective early-death patients. We deployed a deep learning algorithm and analyzed the gene copy number, gene expression, and protein expression data of death versus alive PaCa patients from the GDC cohort. The genes with higher relative amplification (copy number >4 times in the dead compared with the alive group) were EWSR1, FLT3,

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… Clinical practice guidelines for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2012 97 2990 3011 10.1210/jc.2012-1230 22723327 26. Niederle B. Selberherr A. Bartsch D.K. Brandi M.L. Doherty G.M. Falconi M. Goudet P. Halfdanarson T.R. Ito T. Jensen R.T. … Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and the pancreas: Diagnosis and treatment of functioning and non-functioning pancreatic and duodenal neuroendocrine neoplasia within the MEN1 syndrome–an international consensus statement Neuroendocrinology 2021 111 609 630 10.1159/000511791 32971521 27. Wang D. …

Development of an Expert-Based Scoring System for Early Identification of Patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity in Primary Care Settings - the PIDCAP Project.

Early diagnosis of inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) has been shown to reduce mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs. The need for early diagnosis has led to the development of computational tools that trigger earlier clinical suspicion by physicians. Primary care professionals serve as the first line for improving early diagnosis. To this end, a computer-based tool (based on extended Jeffrey Modell Foundation (JMF) Warning Signs) was developed to assist physicians with diagnosis decisions for IEIs in the primary care setting. Two expert-guided scoring systems (one pediatric, one adult) wer

Skin manifestations associated with systemic diseases - Part II.

The skin, by reflecting internal processes, externalizes what happens inside the body in many diseases. Thus, the skin, as an organ, extrapolates its functions of protection, barrier and signals the existence of systemic diseases, expanding the importance of the dermatologist beyond the skin surface. Thus, the dermatologist investigates diagnostic hypotheses for conditions related to all systems and refers patients to the appropriate specialty. Combined with examination by a trained eye, the skin, due to its easy access, is still the ideal place for performing biopsies, which often clarify the

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… The following are examples: Genodermatoses Carney complex: These are familial, dominant autosomal multiple endocrine neoplasias. … endocrine neoplasia type I | Multiple facial angiofibromas + collagenomas + café-au-lait spots + gingival papules + lipomas | Parathyroid adenoma + pituitary tumors + pancreatic neoplasms Multiple endocrine neoplasia type II | Lichen amyloidosus | Parathyroid adenoma + pheochromocytoma + medullary thyroid …

Cutaneous paraneoplastic syndromes in cats: a comparative clinical review.

PRACTICAL RELEVANCE: Cutaneous paraneoplastic syndromes (CPSs) in cats represent a diverse group of rare dermatological manifestations that occur as indirect consequences of underlying neoplasia. These syndromes are thought to arise due to tumour-associated systemic effects, including dysregulation of immune responses, metabolic disturbances and aberrant production of cytokines or growth factors. Recognising CPSs is clinically relevant, as they may serve as early indicators of occult neoplasia, guiding timely diagnosis and intervention. CLINICAL CHALLENGES: Diagnosing CPSs requires a high ind

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… Multiple endocrine neoplasia type-I-like syndrome in two cats. Vet Pathol 2006; 43: 345–352. 66. Zachary J. Skin and appendages. In: Maxie MG. (ed). Jubb, Kennedy & Palmer’s pathology of domestic animals. 6th ed, vol 1. Elsevier, 2023, pp 691–692. 67. Miller WH, Jr, Griffin CE, Campbell KL. …

The metabolic syndrome-cancer axis: global research trends and clinical landscapes.

BackgroundThe link between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cancer has been widely studied, but overall research patterns, shared mechanisms, and applications remain unclear. A bibliometric and bioinformatics analysis is needed to identify trends and clarify the molecular pathways connecting MetS to cancer.MethodsA bibliometric analysis using Web of Science and PubMed assessed publication trends, collaboration, key authors/journals, and research topics from 2000 to 2024. Visualization and analysis used VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Bibliometrix. Also included bioinformatics for protein interaction ne

Clinical Efficacy of a Novel Therapeutic Principle, Anakoinosis.

Classic tumor therapy, consisting of cytotoxic agents and/or targeted therapy, has not overcome therapeutic limitations like poor risk genetic parameters, genetic heterogeneity at different metastatic sites or the problem of undruggable targets. Here we summarize data and trials principally following a completely different treatment concept tackling systems biologic processes: the principle of communicative reprogramming of tumor tissues, i.e., anakoinosis (ancient greek for communication), aims at establishing novel communicative behavior of tumor tissue, the hosting organ and organism via re

Impact of cancer on cryopreserved sperm quality and fertility: A cohort study.

BackgroundSperm quality at cancer diagnosis is often compromised by the disease and any given gonadotoxic treatment will further diminish fertility.ObjectivesHere, we aim to analyze the cryopreserved sperm quality according to the cancer types as well as the fertility outcomes.MethodsOur study included all cancer patients who cryopreserved sperm over 20 years at Erasme Hospital Brussels (from 1999 to 2019). First sperm samples from 111 hematologic, 104 testicular, 19 prostate, 28 gastrointestinal, and 16 neurological cancer patients were compared.ResultsOligozoo-asthenozoospermia was observed

The insulin-like growth factor system and its receptors: A potential novel anticancer target.

The current generation of novel anticancer therapies that are in preclinical and clinical development are based on exploiting our increasing understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of cancer development and progression. Accelerated rates of cell division and proliferation have been postulated to predispose to the development of malignant disease. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling system has an important physiological role in regulating cellular proliferation and apoptosis. This function has led to considerable interest in its relevance to neoplasia over the last decade.