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Роль Neuroptide Y в зубной касти: уравновешивание нейрогенного воспаления и модуляции боли.

ВЕЩЕСТВО: Стоматологическая целлюлоза представляет собой густонаселенную, низкосопоставимую ткань, в которой нейронное воспаление может быстро перерасти в отеку, поднимает внутрипульсовое давление, микроваскулярный компромисс и боль. В то время как пептид вещества P (SP) и кальцитонин (CGRP) являются хорошо зарекомендовавшими себя движущими силами вазодиляции целлюлозы, внутренний контррегулятивный механизм Neuroopepide Y (NPY) остается относительно недостаточно изученным.ЦЕЛИ: Критически синтезировать текущие данные по NPY в области стоматологической биологии целлюлозы с уделением особого вни

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… “The Effect of Unilateral Sympathectomy and Cavity Preparation on Peptidergic Nerves and Immune Cells in Rat Dental Pulp.” Experimental Neurology 169, no. 1: 182–190. Haug, S. R. , Brudvik P., Fristad I., and Heyeraas K. J.. 2003. … “Sympathectomy Causes Increased Root Resorption After Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Rats: Immunohistochemical Study.” Cell and Tissue Research 313, no. 2: 167–175. Haug, S. R. , and Heyeraas K. J.. 2003. …

Бета Адренергическая сигнализация как терапевтическая цель для автономного иммунитета.

Мы недавно определили молекулярный механизм с использованием бета-адренергических рецепторов 1 и 2 (β1/2) при разработке лимфоцитов TH17. Фармакологические и генетические ингибиции этих рецепторов в сочетании, но не отдельно, сказались на способности Т-лимфоцитов производить профламматический интерleукин 17А (IL-17A) и вместо этого способствовали производству защитных клеток Трега, которые скрывают инфлюкин-10 (IL-10). Вместе с тем остается неясным, может ли этот механизм регулирования использоваться в качестве нового терапевтического подхода к аутоиммунным расстройствам при посредничестве Т-л

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… Early studies, such as those examining the effects of chemical sympathectomy using 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), found that complete removal of sympathetic innervation led to increased disease severity in EAE ( 39 , 40 ). … Therefore, by eliminating sympathetic signaling through chemical sympathectomy, these early studies likely inadvertently disrupted the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, limiting the ability of T-lymphocytes to produce anti-inflammatory signals. …

Management of Renovascular Hypertension.

Renal artery stenosis is a potentially reversible cause of hypertension, and transcatheter techniques are essential to its treatment. Angioplasty remains a first-line treatment for stenosis secondary to fibromuscular dysplasia. Renal artery stenting is commonly used in atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis, although recent trials have cast doubts upon its efficacy. Renal denervation is a promising procedure for the treatment of resistant hypertension, and in the future, its indications may expand.

Assessment of hypertension control and clinical course of patients excluded from the SYMPLICITY HTN-3 trial.

The screening of patients referred for the Symplicity Renal-Denervation Catheter Therapy on Resistant Hypertension (SYMPLICITY HTN-3) trial was rigorous, with many found not eligible to participate. We investigate patients who were not included in the trial and evaluate their current hypertensive (HTN) therapy, control and clinical status. A retrospective review and telephone interview was performed 8-10 months postscreening on 45 patients and their referring providers who were ultimately not included. Patients were grouped into 4 categories: (1) noninterest; (2) excluded (not meeting inclusio

[Onabotulinumtoxin A in the treatment of chronic migraine].

INTRODUCTION. Chronic migraine is the most frequent complication of migraine. Its management is complex and difficult, and is based essentially on preventive measures. AIM. To analyse the development of the use of Onabotulinumtoxin A (OnabotA) in migraine, especially in its chronic form, the method of administration, its mechanism of action, its safety profile and its possible indications in clinical practice. DEVELOPMENT. The study conducts a thorough review of all the clinical trials in the literature that have used OnabotA in the prevention of migraine, both in its episodic and its chronic

5-hydroxytryptamine(2A) receptors regulate sympathetic nerves constricting the cutaneous vascular bed in rabbits and rats.

Hyperthermia induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is partially due to sympathetically-mediated cutaneous vasoconstriction that impairs normal heat dissipation. MDMA acts by releasing monoamines, including 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), but receptor mechanisms underlying MDMA-elicited hyperthermia and cutaneous vasoconstriction are not known. The specific 5-HT2A agonist (+/-)-1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) is a potent hallucinogen that also causes marked hyperthermia, suggesting the possibility that DOI, via stimulation of 5-HT2A receptors, might also cause symp

A within-subjects microdialysis/behavioural study of the role of striatal acetylcholine in D1-dependent turning.

In rats lesioned with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) the effect of the noncompetitive N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, MK-801, the dopamine (DA) D2 receptor agonist quinpirole and the A2A adenosine antagonist SCH 58261 was studied on acetylcholine (ACh) release in the lesioned striatum and contralateral turning behaviour stimulated by the administration of the DA D1 receptor agonist CY 208-243. Administration of CY 208-243 (75, 100 and 200 microg/kg) to 6-OHDA-lesioned rats dose-dependently stimulated ACh release and induced contralateral turning. MK-801 (50 and 100 microg/kg) redu

Modulation of dopamine D1-mediated turning behavior and striatal c-fos expression by the substantia nigra.

In order to study the possible contribution of the substantia nigra (SN) in the positive interaction between dopamine D1 receptor agonists and glutamate antagonists in unilaterally 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesioned rats, the effect of the D1 agonist, SKF 38393, was studied in combination with intranigral infusions of glutamate antagonists of the NMDA (MK 801, CPP) or AMPA (NBQX) type of receptor. Local infusion into the SN of the 6-OHDA lesioned side of MK 801, CPP or NBQX at doses inducing no or minimal behavioral effects significantly increased the turning behavior and the expression of c-

New strategies to tackle diabetic kidney disease.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of recent preclinical and clinical studies, which demonstrate new insights for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and to outline future directions with respect to novel therapies. RECENT FINDINGS: Positive findings with respect to new glucose-lowering agents such as sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors may lead to a change in the way we treat diabetic individuals with or at risk of DKD. Additional positive phase 2 clinical studies with drugs that have hemodynamic actions such as endothelin antagon

The role of the phosphatidyinositol-linked D1 dopamine receptor in the pharmacology of SKF83959.

SKF83959, previously described as an antagonist of the D1 dopamine receptor, has been shown to be a potent anti-parkinsonian agent. However, its mechanism of action is unknown. The present communication was designed to study the mechanism by which SKF83959 exerts its pharmacological effects. SKF83959 induced contralateral rotations in the unilateral 6-OHDA-lesioned rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD). The rotations were completely blocked by the D1 dopamine receptor antagonist, SCH23390. The response was not affected by the serotonin receptor antagonist, mesulergine and was transiently atten

Effects of graft placement site on the survival of adrenal medulla transplants into the brain and its relation with the recovery of motor function.

BACKGROUND: Because of their lack of long-term viability, adrenal tissue transplants have shown limited success in alleviating the motor disturbances associated with experimental and pathologic striatal dopamine denervation. In this study, we examined how the graft placement site influences adrenal medulla transplant survival and its relation with the reduction of motor deficits in rats bearing unilateral 6-OHDA lesion. METHODS: One or 5 microL of fetal adrenal medullar tissue was grafted either inside the striatal parenchyma or into the lateral ventricle in contact with the dopamine-denervat

The alpha(2A) adrenoceptor and the sympathetic postganglionic neuron contribute to the development of neuropathic heat hyperalgesia in mice.

We have addressed the role of the sympathetic nervous system in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. Using a new neuropathic mouse model, we examined the development of hyperalgesia in transgenic mice lacking functional alpha(2A) adrenoceptors and in sympathectomized wild-type mice, to determine if sympathetic-sensory coupling generates hyperalgesia. The development of neuropathic heat hyperalgesia required the presence of both the alpha(2A) adrenoceptor and the sympathetic postganglionic neuron (SPGN), but the development of mechanical hyperalgesia did not require either the a

Evaluation of the mGluR2/3 agonist LY379268 in rodent models of Parkinson's disease.

The aim of the present studies was to examine the ability of a potent, systemically active, selective Group II mGlu receptor (mGluR2/3) agonist, 1R,4R,5S,6R-2-oxa-4-minobicyclo[3.1.0.]hexane-4,6-dicarboxylate (LY379268) to provide both functional relief and neuroprotection in rodent models of Parkinson's disease (PD). In functional studies, intracerebroventricular administration of LY379268 (1, 5, 10, 20 nmol/2 microl) produced a dose-dependent increase in locomotor activity in the reserpine (5 mg/kg ip)-treated rat. In contrast, systemic administration of LY379268 (0.1, 1, 10 mg/kg ip) did no

Treatment and Management of Loin Pain Hematuria Syndrome.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Loin pain hematuria syndrome (LPHS) is rare and seldom diagnosed, yet it has a particularly significant impact on those affected. This is a review of the latest and seminal evidence of the pathophysiology and diagnosis of LPHS and presents the typical clinical presentation and treatment options available. RECENT FINDINGS: LPHS is typically found in young women with characteristic symptoms, including severe recurrent flank pain and gross or microscopic hematuria. The majority of patients will experience crippling pain for many years without effective therapy, often requiring

Left cardiac sympathetic denervation in long QT syndrome: analysis of therapeutic nonresponders.

BACKGROUND: Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a potentially lethal but highly treatable cardiac channelopathy. Treatment options include pharmacotherapy, device therapy, and left cardiac sympathetic denervation (LCSD). Here, we sought to determine the characteristics of LQTS patients who have had ≥1 LQTS-related breakthrough cardiac event (BCE) after LCSD. METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed retrospective chart review for 52 consecutive patients (24 males; mean age at diagnosis, 10.0±10 years; mean QTc, 528±74 ms) with LQTS who underwent LCSD between 2005 and 2010 (mean age at LCSD, 14.1±10 years) and

Therapeutic perspectives in hypertension: novel means for renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system modulation and emerging device-based approaches.

The conventional antihypertensive therapies including renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system antagonists (converting enzyme inhibitors, receptor blockers, renin inhibitors, and mineralocorticoid receptor blockers), diuretics, β-blockers, and calcium channel blockers are variably successful in achieving the challenging target blood pressure values in hypertensive patients. Difficult to treat hypertension is still a commonly observed problem world-wide. A number of drugs are considered to be used as novel therapies for hypertension. Renalase supplementation, vasopeptidase inhibitors, endothelin an

Patterns of salivary gland uptake in I-131 MIBG scintigraphy.

I-131 MIBG scintigraphy is routinely used in the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumours with high specificity. The radiopharmaceutical is taken up via uptake mechanism and actively transported into storage vesicules. The organs with dense sympathetic innervation such as salivary glands, heart, lachrymal glands, spleen and rarely adrenal medulla are normally visualized with I-131 MIBG. Asymetrical salivary gland uptake is important in a patient with suspected neuroendocrine tumours. Absence of radioactivity may be a result of sympathic denervation or tumor. Bilateral radioactivity absence is obser

Thoracoscopic splanchnicolysis for the relief of chronic pancreatitis pain: experience of a group of pneumologists.

Intractable pain is the most invalidating symptom in patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis. Anatomical interruption of the major afferent pain nerves is indicated in severe refractory cases. Among the various techniques and sites of interruption, thoracoscopic splanchnicectomy has emerged as an efficient alternative for the more aggressive open surgical splanchnicectomy, and for the (solely temporarily efficacious) transcutaneous neural blocks, which moreover bear some serious complications. Until now, all reports on thoracoscopic splanchnicectomy were typically surgical, using video-as