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Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia in the MCC-Spain Study.

We aimed to study the association between occupational exposure to pesticides and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in Spain. Occupational exposure to pesticides (four insecticides, four herbicides and two fungicides) was evaluated using a job-exposure matrix for the Spanish population (MatEmESp) among 302 CLL cases and 1567 population controls in five regions of Spain, 2010-2013. Cumulative exposure scores (CES) were obtained by summing across the exposed jobs the product of prevalence, intensity and duration of exposure to each active substance. Principal components analysis (PCA) and logis…

Ocular Albinism Type 1 Regulates Deltamethrin Tolerance in Lymantria dispar and Drosophila melanogaster.

The ocular albinism type 1 (OA1), a pigment cell-specific integral membrane glycoprotein, is a member of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPC … downstream cytochrome P450 expression. These results contribute to the future development of novel insecticides targeting insect GPCRs.

Alteration of insulin signaling to control insect pest by using transformed bacteria expressing dsRNA.

BACKGROUND: Insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) is known to mediate larval growth and adult reproduction in the legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Four IIS components (InR, FOXO, Akt, and TOR) play crucial roles in the IIS pathway. RESULTS: RNA interference (RNAi) against any of these four IIS component genes was effective in suppressing each target mRNA level by either hemocoelic injection or oral administration using gene-specific double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs). These RNAi treatments interfered with larval growth, leading to small pupae or significant l

Assessment of a Density-Based Action Threshold for Suppression of Sugarcane Aphids, (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in the Southern High Plains.

In the High Plains, sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae), colonize grain sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench (Cyperales: Poaceae), when it is in reproductive stages and aphid populations increase rapidly. Sugarcane aphid management recommendations based on aphid densities have been implemented in southern United States, but have not been assessed in the High Plains. Therefore, the goal of this work was to validate whether these guidelines can provide effective suppression of the aphids and improve yield. In a 2-y field experiment, sorghum susceptible (DKS44-20)

Topical or oral fluralaner efficacy against flea (Ctenocephalides felis) transmission of Dipylidium caninum infection to dogs.

BACKGROUND: Dipylidium caninum is a common tapeworm of dogs contracted from ingestion of fleas containing the infective cysticercoid stage. Fluralaner is a systemically distributed isoxazoline class insecticide that delivers highly effective activity against fleas and ticks for up to 12 weeks after a single oral or topical treatment. This study evaluated the impact of this flea insecticidal efficacy on the transmission of D. caninum to dogs. METHODS: Dogs were weighed and treated with a cestocide and then randomly assigned to 3 groups of 8. Fluralaner was administered topically (at the commer

Effect of GF-120 (Spinosad) Aerial Sprays on Colonies of the Stingless Bee Scaptotrigona mexicana (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and the Honey Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae).

Despite their relevant contribution to the conservation of tropical ecosystems and crop productivity through pollination, the stingless bees (Apidae: Meliponini) can be considered a group of neglected species in the assessment of pesticides upon nontarget organisms. In this article, we evaluated the effect of aerial sprays of the spinosad-based fruit fly toxic bait GF-120 upon colonies of the stingless bee Scaptotrigona mexicana Guérin (Hymenoptera: Apidae), an economically important and abundant species in some landscapes of Mexico, located in mango orchards. Colonies of the honey bee Apis me

Development of an Attract-and-Kill Strategy for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Evaluation of Attracticidal Spheres Under Laboratory and Field Conditions.

Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an invasive, polyphagous fruit fly that attacks soft-skinned fruits. Originally from Asia, D. suzukii has successfully invaded the United States and the European and South American countries. At present, calendar-based insecticide applications are used to combat D. suzukii. Here, we evaluate a behaviorally based attract-and-kill management technique using attracticidal spheres to reduce D. suzukii infestations in raspberries. In laboratory bioassays aimed at identifying effective toxicants, attracticidal spheres containing dinotefuran at

Pesticides from wastewater treatment plant effluents affect invertebrate communities.

We quantified pesticide contamination and its ecological impact up- and downstream of seven wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in rural and … receiving waters; in many cases, treated wastewater was the exclusive source for the neonicotinoid insecticides acetamiprid and imidacloprid in the investigated streams. During the ten weeks of the investigation, five out of the seven WWTPs increased in-stream pesticide toxicity by a factor of three. As a consequence, at downstream sites, SPEAR values and lea …

Detection of the A302S Rdl mutation in fipronil bait-selected strains of the German cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae).

Extensive usage and heavy reliance on insecticides have led to the development of insecticide resistance in the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.). Six field-collected strains of B. germanica from Singapore were used to investigate resistance to fipronil and dieldrin. The three strains (Boat Quay, Cavenagh Road, and Ghimmoh Road) with greatest resistance to fipronil were subjected to selection with fipronil bait up to the F5 generation. Synergism assay and molecular detection of a target site mutation were used to elucidate the mechanism of fipronil resistance in these strains. With th…

Harnessing mosquito-Wolbachia symbiosis for vector and disease control.

Mosquito species, members of the genera Aedes, Anopheles and Culex, are the major vectors of human pathogens including protozoa (Plasmodium … ill occurred in 2010. Therefore efforts are currently focused on the control of vector populations. Insecticides alone are insufficient to control mosquito populations since reduced susceptibility and even resistance is being observed more and more frequently. There is also increased concern about the toxic effects of insecticides on non-target (even beneficia …

Pesticide cocktails can interact synergistically on aquatic crustaceans.

BACKGROUND, AIM AND SCOPE: The ergosterol biosynthesis-inhibiting (EBI) fungicide prochloraz can enhance the effect of other pesticides in a range of animal species. Approximately 50% of the fungicides used in Denmark are EBI fungicides. Hence, if they all have synergising potential, a risk assessment of pesticide mixtures based on additivity might not suffice. This study investigates the synergising potential of six different EBI fungicides representing the imidazoles (prochloraz), the triazoles (epoxiconazole, propiconazole and tebuconazole), the piperidines (fenpropidin) and the morpholines

Comparison of three pyrethroid treatments of top-sheets for malaria control in emergencies: entomological and user acceptance studies in an Afghan refugee camp in Pakistan.

Insecticide-treated bedding materials (sheets and blankets) could be protective against vectors of malaria and leishmaniasis--especially in … ts in deterrence and killing of mosquitoes. No significant differences were found between the three insecticides tested in terms of entomological effect. Washing of the treated sheets greatly reduced their effectiveness. In a user acceptance study conducted among 88 families (divided into four groups), six families complained of irritation of the skin and muco …

Characterization of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors from the insects Aphis craccivora, Myzus persicae, and Locusta migratoria by radioligand binding assays: relation to thiamethoxam action.

Thiamethoxam, a new neonicotinoid insecticide acting at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, was characterized in competition binding assays w … of binding affinities to thiamethoxam in this aphid. In all three insects, the other neonicotinoid insecticides studied competed with [3-H]-imidacloprid in the same order: thiacloprid > imidacloprid > or = acetamiprid > nitenpyram. N-Methylation of imidacloprid strongly reduced the affinity to the imidacloprid site, whereas N-demethylation of thiamethoxam res …

[Protection of travellers against biting arthropod vectors].

Several diseases are transmitted by hematophageous insect/arthropod and, except for yellow fever and Japanese B encephalitis, there are still no vaccines. Personal protection therefore remains the choice method for disease prevention and can usefully complete chemoprophylaxis if available (such as for malaria). Personal protection can be ensured by three main methods: avoiding risky areas; using repellents on skin and/or garments; using pyrethroids insecticide on garments (permethrin), mosquito nets (several Pyr. available) and any other materials (curtains etc.) including camping tents, plast

Isolation and characterization of an entomopathogenic Serratia strain against rice delphacid planthoppers.

BACKGROUND: Delphacid planthoppers (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), including the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), pose a significant threat to global rice production, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable and effective biological control agents. Here, we isolated a virulent strain of Serratia nematodiphila named BPH1 from diseased N. lugens and characterized its insecticidal activity, genomic features, and virulence-associated phenotypes. RESULTS: S. nematodiphila BPH1 exhibited median lethal concentrations (LC50) of 5.5 × 104 and 2.4 × 108 CFU/mL for N. lugens adults and nymphs, resp

Design and synthesis of mesoionic compounds containing benzoxacycle for the control of piercing-sucking pests.

Piercing-sucking pests cause significant agricultural losses, and widespread neonicotinoid use has led to resistance and ecological concerns … ectively, these findings highlight (R)-H1 as a promising lead for developing environmentally benign insecticides targeting piercing-sucking pests.

Относительная эффективность аморфного силика, Малатиона и пиримифоза метила для контроля над ситофилом оризойе и триболием кастанеум и их долгосрочное воздействие на консервированный пшеницу в лабораторных условиях.

Относительная эффективность аморфной силикатной пыли, малатиона и пиримифоса метила была оценена по отношению к С. Оризае и Т. кастанему в пшенице, хранящейся в лабораторных условиях. На эффективность инсектицидов влияют такие физические свойства, как размер частиц, площадь поверхности, плотность навалом и способность к адсорбции масла/воды. Самая высокая токсичность, в частности Ваккер HDK H20 (ЛК50) 19.4 мг/100 g на 12% Влажность). Осадок силика, сипернат 22, хотя и менее мощным (LC50 = 46.6 мг/100 g) демонстрировала последовательную эффективность при различных уровнях влажности, делая ее по

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The relative efficacy of amorphous silica dusts, malathion, and pirimiphos methyl was assessed against S. oryzae and T. castaneum in stored … arrier. Increasing grain moisture to 15% significantly reduced the effectiveness of all dusts. When insecticides were combined with silica, their toxicity increased markedly. Malathion on silica (0.2%) reduced LC50 values to 21.5 and 23.3 µg a.i./100 g for T. castaneum and S. oryzae, respectively, compared to 52.3 and 84.7 µg a.i./100 g on talc. Pirimiphos met …

Pesticides in rainwater: A two-year occurrence study in an unexplored environmental compartment in regions with different land use in the State of São Paulo - Brazil.

Brazil's extensive agricultural area makes it the world's leading soybeans and sugarcane producer. Therefore, the use of large amounts of pe … eshwater. Pesticide concentrations ranged from 0.1 to 596 ng L-1, including herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, and degradation products, with 100% detection frequency for atrazine and tebuconazole. The sum of wet deposition fluxes of pesticides in São Paulo (223 μg m-2) was about 3-fold lower than in the other cities with low population density and more agr …

Deployment and transcriptional evaluation of nitisinone, an FDA-approved drug, to control bed bugs.

BACKGROUND: Bed bugs are blood-feeders that rapidly proliferate into large indoor infestations. Their bites can cause allergies, secondary infections and psychological stress, among other problems. Although several tactics for their management have been used, bed bugs continue to spread worldwide wherever humans reside. This is mainly due to human-mediated transport and their high resistance to several classes of insecticides. New treatment options with novel modes of action are required for their control. In this study, we evaluated the use of nitisinone (NTBC), an FDA-approved drug, for bed …

Potential of endophytic Beauveria bassiana against Coraebus (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) oak borers.

BACKGROUND: Oak borers in the genus Coraebus, including the bark- and the wood-boring beetles C. florentinus and C. undatus, are major pests of the cork oak tree Quercus suber, and when their population densities are high, effective forest protection measures become critical. The endophagous behaviour of Coraebus species and the limited understanding of their biology, hamper the development of timely and effective management strategies. RESULTS: The novel strain UNISS22 of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana, isolated from the forest ecosystem, demonstrated strong insecticidal pote