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Evaluation of impact of one dose varicella vaccine on the incidence of chickenpox in Argentina.

INTRODUCTION: Varicella, also known as chickenpox is one of the most common immunizable diseases. In 1998, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended to incorporate this vaccine in the national immunization programs, which Argentina did in 2015. OBJECTIVES: To describe the behavior of the varicella time series for the 2005-2017 period, and to evaluate the impact of the vaccine in Argentina. METHODOLOGY: An ecological observational study was performed, using the varicella cases reported in the National Health Monitoring System, and the data of the National census as secondary data source…

Multidisciplinary study of the secondary immune response in grandparents re-exposed to chickenpox.

Re-exposure to chickenpox may boost varicella-zoster virus (VZV) immunity in the elderly. This secondary immune response is hypothesized to confer protection against herpes zoster. We longitudinally sampled 36 adults over the course of one year after re-exposure to chickenpox. The resulting 183 samples and those of 14 controls were assessed for VZV-specific T-cell immunity and antibody titres. The percentages of VZV-specific CD4+ IL-2-producing T-cells were increased in re-exposed grandparents compared to control participants up to 9 months after re-exposure. Using a longitudinal mixture model…

The association between varicella (chickenpox) and group A streptococcus infections in historical perspective.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the research is to investigate the historical relationship between varicella and Streptococcus pyogenes infections. In the past few decades, varicella has been identified as a risk factor for invasive group A streptococcus infections. The question is whether this relationship also existed between varicella and scarlet fever in the historical era. METHODS: The analysis begins with a search of historical medical reports on the relationship between varicella and scarlet fever epidemics in the late 19th and early 20th century, as well as in more recent empirical studies. Co

The role of temperature in reported chickenpox cases from 2000 to 2011 in Japan.

Annual periodicities of reported chickenpox cases have been observed in several countries. Of these, Japan has reported a two-peaked, bimodal annual cycle of reported chickenpox cases. This study investigated the possible underlying association of the bimodal cycle observed in the surveillance data of reported chickenpox cases with the meteorological factors of temperature, relative humidity and rainfall. A time-series analysis consisting of the maximum entropy method spectral analysis and the least squares method was applied to the chickenpox data and meteorological data of 47 prefectures in …

Ischemic retinal vasculitis in an 18-year-old man with chickenpox infection.

Ocular involvement after primary infection with varicella zoster virus is very rare. We report a case of a healthy 18-year-old man who presented with unilateral ischemic retinal vasculitis 10 days after the onset of chickenpox. He developed acute severe visual loss and a relative afferent pupillary defect in his right eye. Fundus imaging, optical coherence tomography, fundus fluorescence angiography, and electrophysiologic studies confirmed the diagnosis of retinal vasculitis, which led to generalized retinal ischemia. Although aggressive treatment with systemic steroids and antiviral drugs wa…

External ophthalmoplegia with orbital myositis in an adult patient after chickenpox infection.

Herpes zoster and chickenpox are caused by a single virus, varicella-zoster virus. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus-associated ophthalmoplegia is well documented. Very rarely, herpes zoster and chickenpox cause external ophthalmoplegia. A 48-year-old man was diagnosed with chickenpox and treated with intravenous acyclovir. He suddenly reported diplopia and restricted left eye movement. MRI of the orbit revealed thickening and abnormal contrast enhancement of the preseptal space and lateral rectus muscle of the left eye. In this case, external ophthalmoplegia occurred following chickenpox with radiol…

Vaccines for post-exposure prophylaxis against varicella (chickenpox) in children and adults.

BACKGROUND: The prevention of varicella (chickenpox) using live attenuated varicella vaccines has been demonstrated both in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and in population-based immunisation programmes in countries such as the United States and Australia. Many countries do not routinely immunise children against varicella and exposures continue to occur. Although the disease is often mild, complications such as secondary bacterial infection, pneumonitis and encephalitis occur in about 1% of cases, usually leading to hospitalisation. The use of varicella vaccine in persons who have recent…

Retinitis and optic neuritis in a child with chickenpox: case report and review of literature.

In immunocompetent individuals, necrotizing retinopathy is a rare complication of chickenpox. Herein, we report on a 3-year-old immunocompetent boy who developed retinitis and optic neuritis 3 days after the onset of chickenpox and compare the findings to published cases. Since macula and optic nerve were affected, visual acuity remained poor. An early diagnosis and treatment of ocular manifestations in chickenpox is imperative for the preservation of a residual visual function and prevention of blinding secondary complications.

Red eye in chickenpox: varicella-related acute anterior uveitis in a child.

Varicella-zoster virus is a common viral infection of childhood. This report concerns an 8-year-old girl who presented with a 5-day history of a typical varicella rash. She then developed red left eye 'conjunctivitis'. She had no discharge, mild pain and intense photophobia. She was referred to the acute eye clinic after 1 day and she was noted to have acute anterior uveitis. She was treated with gutt atropine 1% for 2 weeks until the inflammation resolved. She had no sequalae.

Hospitalization rates for complicated and uncomplicated chickenpox in a poorly vaccined pediatric population.

BACKGROUND: A retrospective study was conducted to provide epidemiological data on hospitalization for complicated and uncomplicated chickenpox in a pediatric population. METHODS: The study analyzed hospitalization cases for chickenpox, among all the 31 Tuscan hospitals, during the period 1997-2003. RESULTS: Globally, 650 cases were recorded (306 = 47.07% for uncomplicated and 344 = 52.92% for complicated chickenpox). Total hospitalization rate was 22.66 per 100,000 living Tuscan children and 11.52 per 1,000 notified chickenpox cases. Hospitalization rates for complicated chickenpox were 12.…

Serological and molecular investigation of suspected chickenpox cases from India, 2016-2025.

BACKGROUND: Varicella, commonly known as chickenpox is a neglected disease in India with numerous outbreaks reported in the last decade. Unfortunately, varicella vaccine is not included in India's Universal Immunization Program (UIP), and active surveillance is not in place. Investigation of suspected varicella cases from various Indian regions was done to understand disease burden and molecular epidemiology. METHODS: Between 2016 and 2025, 195 clinical cases from suspected chickenpox cases were referred for virological investigation from five States and one Union Territory of India. Samples …

Пятнадцать минут консультации: мне принести моему ребенку вакцину от вирицеллы (цыпленков)?

Объединенный комитет по вакцинации и иммунизации (ОКВП) недавно рекомендовал включить вакцину варицелле (цыпленков) в обычный график иммунизации детей в Соединенном Королевстве. Ранее такая помощь предоставлялась лишь небольшой группе детей, имеющих на это право, или через частных медицинских работников. Участие семей в беседах о вакцинах признается важным для принятия обоснованных решений, и специалисты, ведущие такие дискуссии, должны быть уверенными и хорошо информированными. Цель этой статьи состоит в том, чтобы дать общее представление о доказательствах, лежащих в основе решения о введени

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) has recently recommended the introduction of the varicella (chickenpox) vaccine into the UK's routine childhood immunisation schedule. This was previously only available to a small group of eligible children or through private healthcare providers. Engaging families in conversations around vaccines i…

Hemorrhagic Stroke and Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: Rare Neurological Sequelae of Chickenpox Infection.

Chickenpox (varicella) is primarily a disease of childhood which occurs due to infection with varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Primary VZV infection is rare in adults due to exposure in early childhood in our country. In adults, it is associated with some serious systemic and neurological complications which can follow both primary infection and reactivation of VZV. Neurological sequelae caused by primary VZV infection are rare and include encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, myelitis, acute cerebellar ataxia, Reye syndrome, Ramsay Hunt syndrome, and rarely stroke and cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT…

Chickenpox vaccines: new drugs. A favourable risk-benefit balance in some situations.

(1) Chickenpox is generally mild. Most severe cases of chickenpox occur in immunocompromised patients, adults, and pregnant women (and their foetuses). (2) Two live attenuated chickenpox vaccines derived from the same strain of varicella virus (Oka) are marketed in France, under the trade names Varilrix and Varivax. (3) They have not been adequately evaluated in immunocompromised children. (4) The impact of routine vaccination of women of child-bearing age on complications of chickenpox during pregnancy has not been studied. (5) Immunogenicity studies in several thousand immunocompetent childr…

Using Baidu Index Data to Improve Chickenpox Surveillance in Yunnan, China: Infodemiology Study.

BACKGROUND: Chickenpox is an old but easily neglected infectious disease. Although chickenpox is preventable by vaccines, vaccine breakthroughs often occur, and the chickenpox epidemic is on the rise. Chickenpox is not included in the list of regulated communicable diseases that must be reported and controlled by public and health departments; therefore, it is crucial to rapidly identify and report varicella outbreaks during the early stages. The Baidu index (BDI) can supplement the traditional surveillance system for infectious diseases, such as brucellosis and dengue, in China. The number of…

Herpes Zoster Risk Reduction through Exposure to Chickenpox Patients: A Systematic Multidisciplinary Review.

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox and may subsequently reactivate to cause herpes zoster later in life. The exogenous boosting hypothesis states that re-exposure to circulating VZV can inhibit VZV reactivation and consequently also herpes zoster in VZV-immune individuals. Using this hypothesis, mathematical models predicted widespread chickenpox vaccination to increase herpes zoster incidence over more than 30 years. Some countries have postponed universal chickenpox vaccination, at least partially based on this prediction. After a systematic search and selection procedure, we ana…

Epidemiologic lessons: chickenpox outbreak investigation in a rural community around Chandigarh, North India.

PURPOSE: Primary infection with Varicella Zoster virus (VZV) leads to Varicella or chickenpox. The epidemiology of Varicella has changed dramatically since the introduction of the Varicella vaccine in 1995. The routine childhood immunization in a few countries in the western world like Germany and the United States has reduced the incidence of the disease, associated complications, hospital admissions and deaths related to its complications. However, chickenpox outbreaks are common in naive unvaccinated communities in India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We report an outbreak of chickenpox that occu…