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Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy as a complication of choroidal osteoma: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Choroidal osteoma (CO) is a rare benign tumor that particularly affects young, healthy women. Its prognosis is influenced by complications, such as choroidal neovascularization (CNV), subretinal hemorrhage, subretinal fluid (SF), decalcification status, and overlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) atrophy. In case of CNV as the complication of CO, it is typically present in the classic form; however, reports on polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) have been rare. Here, we report a case of an older, male patient with PCV as a complication of CO. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 70-year-o…

Tubercular serpiginous-like choroiditis presenting as multifocal serpiginoid choroiditis.

PURPOSE: To describe the clinical features, course, and outcome in tubercular serpiginous-like choroiditis. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 105 patients (141 eyes) between May 2002 and July 2010. METHODS: Patients had the following inclusion criteria: (1) complete clinical records and digital fundus images at baseline and follow-up visits, (2) positive tuberculin skin test or QuantiFERON-TB Gold (Cellestis International Pty Ltd. Chadstone, Victoria, Australia) test result, (3) active serpiginous-like choroiditis in at least 1 eye, (4) all known causes of infecti…

Choroidal vascular changes after transpupillary thermotherapy for choroidal melanoma.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate choroidal vascular alterations after transpupillary thermotherapy used as the sole treatment for choroidal melanoma. DESIGN: Prospective noncomparative interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-five eyes of 45 patients affected by malignant choroidal melanoma treated with transpupillary thermotherapy alone with more than 1 year of follow-up. INTERVENTION: Transpupillary thermotherapy was performed through a panfunduscopic contact lens using an 810-nm diode laser. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Dynamic/static fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography were performed …

Evaluation of choroidal thickness, choroidal vascular diameter, choroidal vascularity index, their correlations, and interocular symmetry in a healthy population.

PURPOSE: This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of choroidal thickness (CT), choroidal vascular diameter (CVD), and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in a healthy population using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 148 eyes from 74 healthy adults. SS-OCT was used to evaluate choroid. CT, CVD and CVI were analyzed using standardized imaging and segmentation methods from OCT images. Analyses were performed for interocular symmetry and relationships among CT, CVD, CVI, and demographic factors. RESULTS: CT exhibited significa…

Relationship between pulsation of posterior vortex vein, choroidal thickness, and choroidal vascular hyperpermeability in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

PURPOSE: Posterior vortex vein pulsation on Heidelberg indocyanine green angiography (HRA-IA) video is reported to indicate the presence of congestion in these vessels. This study aimed to determine the relationship between posterior vortex vein pulsation, choroidal thickness, and choroidal vascular hyperpermeability (CVH) in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). METHODS: Forty-three eyes of 43 patients who had not received previous treatment and were diagnosed with PCV using multimodal imaging were included and retrospectively investigated. On initial visit, presence or absence of pulsati…

Choroid Plexus Tumors of the Central Nervous System: A Review of Data with a Case of Disseminated Choroid Plexus Papilloma.

AIM: To highlight the critical role of molecular profiling of choroid plexus epithelium tumors (CPTs) in guiding individualized treatment strategies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Histopathological diagnoses were obtained from surgically resected tumors at Centro Medico Nacional 20 de Noviembre, Mexico City (Department of Neurosurgery). The cohort comprised four children (two females and two males) and three adults (one male and two females). RESULTS: This study retrospectively analyzed data from seven patients diagnosed with CPT over a 5-year period. The pathological distribution consisted of three…

REDUCTION OF CHOROIDAL THICKNESS AND CHOROIDAL VASCULARITY INDEX BY FARICIMAB COMPARED WITH RANIBIZUMAB AND AFLIBERCEPT IN POLYPOIDAL CHOROIDAL VASCULOPATHY AND PACHYCHOROID NEOVASCULOPATHY.

PURPOSE: To evaluate outcomes of intravitreal faricimab in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV), focusing on subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and choroidal vascularity index (CVI), compared with ranibizumab and aflibercept. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 96 treatment-naive eyes with PCV or PNV, allocated by 1:1:1 propensity score matching to receive three consecutive monthly intravitreal injections of faricimab, ranibizumab, or aflibercept (n = 32 each). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), SFCT,…

Non-invasive MRI of choroid plexus vascular function.

Choroid plexus (ChP) is a highly vascularized tissue in the ventricles of the brain, and it plays an important role in the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and formation of the blood-CSF barrier. The function of ChP vessels has been implicated in waste clearance efficiency during aging and neurodegenerative diseases. At present, postmortem studies are the main method to assess choroid plexus vascular integrity, with a few tools to measure ChP function in living humans. Here, we proposed a non-invasive MRI approach to assess ChP vascular elasticity based on the detection of MRI signal ch…

Astrocytic Accumulation at the Choroid Plexus Attachment Region.

Immune cell entry into the central nervous system (CNS) under neuroinflammatory conditions is commonly discussed in relation to established barrier interfaces, including the blood-brain barrier and the choroid plexus epithelium. In addition, an alternative anatomical route at the choroid plexus attachment region has been proposed, yet its structural organization remains poorly defined. Here, we provide a detailed descriptive analysis of the choroid plexus attachment region and identify glial structures reminiscent of a glia limitans. We analyzed the morphology of the choroid plexus attachment …

Choroid plexus volume in pathology-confirmed Alzheimer's disease.

INTRODUCTION: The choroid plexus (CP) increases in volume across the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum, suggesting its potential as a clearance-related biomarker. However, few studies have examined ante-mortem CP volume in relation to post-mortem AD pathology, the gold standard for diagnosis. METHODS: Participants who had structural magnetic resonance imaging and post-mortem pathology, with an interval of ≤ 5 years between imaging and death, were examined. Normalized CP volume (NCPV) was semi-automatically segmented from the lateral ventricles and analyzed using Bayesian linear regression to…

Актуальность объемов хороидного слекуса в множестве склерозов.

РЫНК: Хороидный спекус (ChP) играет ключевую роль в провокационных процессах, происходящих при множестве склерозов (MS). Расширение ЧП при повторном излучающем многократном склерозе (RRMS) рассматривается как свидетельство активности заболеваний и связано с нарушением перивентральной ремиелинации. Цель этого перекрестного исследования состояла в том, чтобы определить взаимосвязь между повреждением ПЗ и перивентральной ткани, которое происходит в MS, и разъяснить роль нейроинфламмации в первичном прогрессивном множественном склерозе (ППМС). МЕТОДЫ: Объем ЧВ был оценен с помощью нового метода гл

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: The choroid plexus (ChP) plays a pivotal role in inflammatory processes that occur in multiple sclerosis (MS). The enlargement of the ChP in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is considered to be an indication of disease activity and has been associated with periventricular remyelination failure. This cross-sectional study aimed to ide…

Cytological features of ependymal and choroid plexus tumours.

Ependymal and choroid plexus tumours arise in anatomically related regions. Their intraoperative differential diagnosis is large and depends on factors such as age, tumour site and clinical presentation. Squash cytology can provide valuable information in this context. Cytological features of conventional ependymomas, subependymomas and myxopapillary ependymomas as well as choroid plexus tumours are reviewed and illustrated. Differential diagnostic considerations integrating morphological and clinical information are discussed.

Choroid Plexus Volume in Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Recent studies suggest that the choroid plexus (CP) may function as a site of access of inflammatory cells into the CNS in multiple sclerosis (MS). Pediatric-onset MS (POMS) is characterized by a high inflammatory burden, as evidenced by a high relapse rate and volume of T2 lesions, making patients with POMS an informative population to evaluate choroid plexus volume (CPV). The objectives of the study were (1) to evaluate CPV at symptom onset in participants with POMS compared with healthy controls (HCs); (2) to evaluate changes in CPV in the first year of disease in…

Targeted Knockdown of Genes in the Choroid Plexus.

The choroid plexus (ChP) serves as a critical gateway for immune cell infiltration into the central nervous system (CNS) under both physiological and pathological conditions. Recent research has shown that regulating ChP activity may offer protection against CNS disorders. However, studying the biological function of the ChP without affecting other brain regions is challenging due to its delicate structure. This study presents a novel method for gene knockdown in ChP tissue using adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) or cyclization recombination enzyme (Cre) recombinase protein consisting of TAT seq…

Tumors of Choroid Plexus and Other Ventricular Tumors.

Tumors arising inside the ventricular system are rare but represent a difficult diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. They usually are diagnosed when reaching a big volume and tend to affect young children. There is a wide broad of differential diagnoses with significant variability in anatomical aspects and tumor type. Differential diagnosis in tumor type includes choroid plexus tumors (papillomas and carcinomas), ependymomas, subependymomas, subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs), central neurocytomas, meningiomas, and metastases. Choroid plexus tumors, ependymomas of the posterior fos…

Choroid plexus mast cells drive tumor-associated hydrocephalus.

Tumor-associated hydrocephalus (TAH) is a common and lethal complication of brain metastases. Although other factors beyond mechanical obstructions have been suggested, the exact mechanisms are unknown. Using single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics, we find that a distinct population of mast cells locate in the choroid plexus and dramatically increase during TAH. Genetic fate tracing and intracranial mast-cell-specific tryptase knockout showed that choroid plexus mast cells (CPMCs) disrupt cilia of choroid plexus epithelia via the tryptase-PAR2-FoxJ1 pathway and consequently …

Pb Induces MCP-1 in the Choroid Plexus.

Lead (Pb) is an environmental element that has been implicated in the development of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Additionally, innate immune activation contributes to AD pathophysiology. However, the mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. The choroid plexus (CP) is not only the site of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production, but also an important location for communication between the circulation and the CSF. In this study, we investigated the involvement of the CP during Pb exposure by evaluating the expression of the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). MCP-1 is highly…