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AI-Assisted Detection and Localization of Spinal Metastatic Lesions.

ObjectivesThe integration of machine learning and radiomics in medical imaging has significantly advanced diagnostic and prognostic capabilities in healthcare. This study focuses on developing and validating an artificial intelligence (AI) model using U-Net architectures for the accurate detection and segmentation of spinal metastases from computed tomography (CT) images, addressing both osteolytic and osteoblastic lesions.MethodsOur methodology employs multiple variations of the U-Net architecture and utilizes two distinct datasets: one consisting of 115 polytrauma patients for vertebra segme

Proceedings of ICIS SGCR-WIRES 2024, held jointly with the 23rd International Cancer Imaging Society Annual Conference, collaborating with the Singapore Radiological Society and College of Radiologists Singapore.

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Early experience with percutaneous photodynamic nails for sacral metastatic disease and insufficiency fractures: a retrospective cohort analysis of functionality and pain relief.

BACKGROUND: Treatment of impending pathologic fractures and insufficiency fractures of the sacrum due to metastatic disease and radiation is challenging. The use of traditional hardware is limited by poor bone quality and presence of non-contained defects. The role of minimally invasive photodynamic nails (PDN) for treatment of these fractures remains poorly understood. METHODS: Patients with symptomatic impending pathologic fractures of the sacrum due to metastatic bone disease, multiple myeloma, or insufficiency fractures from radiation osteitis who underwent PDN stabilization were identifi

Identifying Educational Needs and Practice Gaps of European Hematologists and Hematology Nurses in the Treatment and Management of Multiple Myeloma.

This needs-assessment aimed to identify clinical challenges faced by hematologists and hematology nurses in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of multiple myeloma, as well as contextual barriers hindering optimal care of patients with multiple myeloma. This manuscript focuses on key findings in relation to decision-making regarding new treatment options. A mixed methods study consisting of qualitative (from semistructured interviews) and quantitative data (from an online survey) was conducted in 8 European countries among hematologists and hematology nurses. The triangulated data led to

How long do endoprosthetic reconstructions for proximal femoral tumors last?

BackgroundAs the life expectancy of patients with musculoskeletal tumors improves, long-term studies of endoprosthetic reconstructions are necessary to establish realistic expectations for the implants and compare them to other reconstruction approaches.Questions/purposes(1) What is the long-term survival of cemented bipolar proximal femoral replacements? (2) How does prosthesis survival compare to patient survival among patients with Stage I, II, and III disease? (3) Do modular implants outperform custom-built prostheses? (4) Do some proximal femoral replacements require conversion to THA?Pat

Impact of Oncology Patients’ Knowledge and Awareness on Emergency Visits and Hospital Admissions: A Cross-Sectional Study

INTRODUCTION: Chemotherapy remains a cornerstone of cancer treatment, but is frequently accompanied by adverse effects that can affects patients' quality of life. In Saudi Arabia, patients' understanding of chemotherapy regimens and related toxicities is not well characterized. This study aimed to evaluate chemotherapy awareness among cancer patients and examine its association with hospital admissions and emergency department (ED) visits. METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia, between year of 2022 to 2023. Adult cancer patients r

Do We Need Meropenem Treatment Beyond 7 Days in Febrile Neutropenic Patients: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.

BackgroundFebrile neutropenia is a critical complication in patients with hematological malignancies; immediate initiation of empirical treatment with a broad-spectrum agent is the standard of care. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of long- and short-term antibiotic treatments.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study. We collected data on admissions between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2022. Adult patients treated with meropenem were included and treatment duration was categorized. Short-term treatment (STT) was defined as a period of 7 days or less, and lon

Обычные МИ-конструктивное разъединение и сети сходств и их клинические корреляции в множестве склерозов.

Хотя множественный склероз (MS) можно концептуализировать как расстройство сети, анализ мозговой сети, как правило, требует усовершенствованных последовательностей МРТ, которые обычно не приобретаются в клинической практике. Используя обычные МРТ, мы оценили поперечное и продольное структурное разъединение и морфометрические сети сходства людей с MS (pwMS), а также их связь с клинической инвалидностью. МЕТОДЫ: В ходе этого продольного моноцентрического исследования был проведен ретроспективный анализ 3Т-конструктивного MRI PwMS и здоровых методов контроля (HC). Физическая и когнитивная неполно

Immunomodulatory effects of the Agaricus blazei Murrill-based mushroom extract AndoSan in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation: a randomized, double blinded clinical study.

Forty patients with multiple myeloma scheduled to undergo high dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell support were randomized in a double blinded fashion to receive adjuvant treatment with the mushroom extract AndoSan, containing 82% of Agaricus blazei Murrill (19 patients) or placebo (21 patients). Intake of the study product started on the day of stem cell mobilizing chemotherapy and continued until the end of aplasia after high dose chemotherapy, a period of about seven weeks. Thirty-three patients were evaluable for all study endpoints, while all 40 included patients were evaluable fo

Parathyroid hormone-related protein levels and treatment outcomes in hypercalcemia of malignancy: a retrospective cohort study.

The challenge of managing acute hypercalcemia in patients diagnosed with hypercalcemia of malignancy (HCM) merits further attention. Elevated levels of PTHrP may be a risk factor for treatment resistance in acute hypercalcemia; however, few studies have tested this hypothesis. This study aimed to investigate whether high PTHrP levels represent an independent risk factor that impedes the treatment of acute hypercalcemia. This retrospective cohort study recruited 159 patients aged 20-80 years with diagnosed malignancies who had been hospitalized for hypercalcemia with PTHrP levels above the refe

Reliability and validity of the Greek QLQ-C30 and QLQ-MY20 for measuring quality of life in patients with multiple myeloma.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Greek EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-MY20 instruments. METHOD: A sample of myeloma patients (N = 89) from two tertiary hospitals were surveyed with the QLQ-C30, QLQ-MY20 and various demographic and disease related questions. The previously validated Greek SF-36 instrument was used as a "gold standard" for health-related quality of life (HRQoL) comparisons. Hypothesized scale structure, internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha) and various forms of construct validity (convergent, discriminative, concurrent and

Survival outcomes and quality of life after percutaneous cryoablation for liver metastasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundLiver metastasis is present in a wide range of malignancies, with colorectal cancer as the most common site. Several minimally invasive treatments have been suggested for managing hepatic metastases, and cryoablation is among them, yet not widely used. In this systematic review, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of percutaneous cryoablation in all types of liver metastases.MethodsA systematic search was performed in international databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science, to find relevant studies reporting outcomes for percutaneous cryoablation in liver metas

The Impact of Survival Benefit and Study Design on FDA Approval for Anticancer Drugs Over the Past Decades.

Despite the tremendous effort in the oncology community, the success rate of anticancer development remained low at 30% to 40% from the Phase 3 study to the regulatory approval. The factors associated with the regulatory approval for market authorization have gained interest in the community to improve the success rate of drug development. Using the data from 208 Phase 3 studies for anticancer drugs, we explored the possible factors associated with the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) approval by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The model incorporated 21 factors from therape

Serum sEV miRNA как биомаркеры в Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Beacy.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-сопутствующее антителу заболевание (MOGAD) — явное демиелионирующее расстройство CNS, отличающееся от множественного склероза (MS) и спектрального расстройства нейромиелита (NMOSD). Однако диагностика MOGAD по-прежнему сопряжена с трудностями из-за необходимости клинического исключения аналогичных условий и изменчивости результатов анализа. Хотя жидкие биомаркеры широко изучались в MS и NMOSD, исследования по биомаркерам для MOGAD остаются ограниченными. Цель этого исследования заключается в изучении небольших внеклеточных весел (SEV) minRNA в качестве потен

Тенденции в области смертности, связанной с множественной миеломой в Соединенных Штатах, 1999-2023.

Несмотря на значительные терапевтические достижения, большое число миелом (ММ) по-прежнему является важным фактором смертности от рака в Соединенных Штатах. Понимание долгосрочных моделей смертности имеет важное значение для разработки справедливых стратегий в области клинического и общественного здравоохранения. 1999-2023 для оценки связанных с MM смертей среди взрослых ≥25 Годы. Коэффициенты смертности, скорректированные с учетом возраста, рассчитывались на основе прямой стандартизации 2000 Население США. Временные тенденции были изучены с использованием регрессии " Compoint " для

Clinical perspectives on the optimal use of lenalidomide plus bortezomib and dexamethasone for the treatment of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.

To improve the outcomes of patients with the otherwise incurable hematologic malignancy of multiple myeloma (MM), a key paradigm includes initial treatment to establish disease control rapidly followed by maintenance therapy to ensure durability of response with manageable toxicity. However, patients' prognosis worsens after relapse, and the disease burden and drug toxicities are generally more challenging with subsequent lines of therapy. It is therefore particularly important that patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) receive optimal frontline therapy. The combination of lena

A machine learning framework supporting prospective clinical decisions applied to risk prediction in oncology.

We present a general framework for developing a machine learning (ML) tool that supports clinician assessment of patient risk using electronic health record-derived real-world data and apply the framework to a quality improvement use case in an oncology setting to identify patients at risk for a near-term (60 day) emergency department (ED) visit who could potentially be eligible for a home-based acute care program. Framework steps include defining clinical quality improvement goals, model development and validation, bias assessment, retrospective and prospective validation, and deployment in c

Current concepts in bone metastasis, contemporary therapeutic strategies and ongoing clinical trials.

BackgroundElucidation of mechanisms regulating bone metastasis has progressed significantly in recent years and this has translated to many new therapeutic options for patients with bone metastatic cancers. However, the rapid rate of progress in both the basic science literature and therapies undergoing clinical trials makes staying abreast with current developments challenging. This review seeks to provide an update on the current state of the science in bone metastasis research and give a snap shot of therapies in clinical trials for bone metastatic cancer.Main bodyBone metastasis represents

Dietary patterns among individuals with plasma cell disorders- opportunities for targeted interventions.

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… The FFQ evaluates the frequency of intake of 127 food and beverage items with portion sizes. Details about the questionnaire and its validation are available elsewhere ( https://www.nutritionquest.com/validation-studies.html#full-length ). …

Maternal Autoimmune Disease and Childhood-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: A Nationwide Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study.

INTRODUCTION: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease that damages insulin-producing pancreatic cells, often appearing in childhood. Global incidence is rising at 2%-3% yearly. Its exact cause is unclear. Prenatal exposures and maternal autoimmune disorders have been reported as potential risk factors. This study aimed to explore how maternal autoimmune conditions might correlate with the onset of T1DM, employing a population-focused approach. METHODS: This is a retrospective population-based cohort study with a nested case-control analysis. Primary data were derived from the